CCTN Exam Study Guide Questions and
Answers Verified 100% Correct
Quilty B
invasive infiltration involving the underlying myocardium and is associated with
myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 0
no inflammation or myocyte damage found. No rejection
heart allograft rejection grade 1A
perivascular or interstitial infiltrates seen, but no necrosis
heart allograft rejection grade 1B
sparse infiltrates found but no necrosis
heart allograft rejection grade 2
one focus that may be associated with myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 3A
multifocal; may be associated with myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 3B
diffuse mononuclear inflammation; necrosis found
heart allograft rejection grade 4
diffuse, aggressive polymorphous infiltrate; necrosis found; patient may have edema,
bleeding, or vasculitis
orthotopic transplantation
, more common, recipients heart is removed and replaced by donor heart in normal
anatomical position
heterotopic transplantation
rarely preformed due to high risks. diseased heart stays in recipient and the donor heart is
transplanted inside the patients right chest cavity. Piggybacking, vascular structures are
connected using end-to-side anastomosis
Risk of heterotopic transplantation
thromboembolism
Why would heterotopic transplantation be used?
when a donors heart could not maintain adequate right ventricle function alone.
BCTF heart rejection
defined as any clinical event, usually, but not always, accompanied by
abnormal endomyocardial biopsy findings that is treated with significant
augmentation of immunosuppression
Hyperacute heart rejection
occurs immediately within minutes of post transplantation. Humoral rejection; hasty
tissue death is seen because of allograft failure. Usually lethal
Acute heart transplant rejection
usually occurs during first few month post transplant. Rejection at cellular level
Chronic heart transplant rejection
more than six moths post transplant. Interstitial and insidious
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
is death of the kidney tubule cells that transport urine to the ureters
Answers Verified 100% Correct
Quilty B
invasive infiltration involving the underlying myocardium and is associated with
myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 0
no inflammation or myocyte damage found. No rejection
heart allograft rejection grade 1A
perivascular or interstitial infiltrates seen, but no necrosis
heart allograft rejection grade 1B
sparse infiltrates found but no necrosis
heart allograft rejection grade 2
one focus that may be associated with myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 3A
multifocal; may be associated with myocyte damage
heart allograft rejection grade 3B
diffuse mononuclear inflammation; necrosis found
heart allograft rejection grade 4
diffuse, aggressive polymorphous infiltrate; necrosis found; patient may have edema,
bleeding, or vasculitis
orthotopic transplantation
, more common, recipients heart is removed and replaced by donor heart in normal
anatomical position
heterotopic transplantation
rarely preformed due to high risks. diseased heart stays in recipient and the donor heart is
transplanted inside the patients right chest cavity. Piggybacking, vascular structures are
connected using end-to-side anastomosis
Risk of heterotopic transplantation
thromboembolism
Why would heterotopic transplantation be used?
when a donors heart could not maintain adequate right ventricle function alone.
BCTF heart rejection
defined as any clinical event, usually, but not always, accompanied by
abnormal endomyocardial biopsy findings that is treated with significant
augmentation of immunosuppression
Hyperacute heart rejection
occurs immediately within minutes of post transplantation. Humoral rejection; hasty
tissue death is seen because of allograft failure. Usually lethal
Acute heart transplant rejection
usually occurs during first few month post transplant. Rejection at cellular level
Chronic heart transplant rejection
more than six moths post transplant. Interstitial and insidious
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
is death of the kidney tubule cells that transport urine to the ureters
