BSC1005 TEST 4 STUDY GUIDE
questions and answers graded A+
What is DNA? - correct answer ✔✔is a nucleic acid, a macromolecule
that stores information.
What is DNA made of? - correct answer ✔✔It consists of individual units called
nucleotides: a sugar, a phosphate group,
and a nitrogen-containing base.
What is a nucleotide? - correct answer ✔✔a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a
phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
What is a genome? - correct answer ✔✔The full set of DNA an organism carries
What is a gene? - correct answer ✔✔A gene is a sequence of bases in a DNA
molecule that carries the information
necessary for producing a functional
product, usually a protein molecule or
RNA.
What is an allele? - correct answer ✔✔one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise
by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
What is a trait? - correct answer ✔✔is a feature of an organism.
, What is non-coding DNA? - correct answer ✔✔sequences are components of an organism's
DNA that do not encode protein sequences.
What is transcription? - correct answer ✔✔in which a copy of the a gene's base sequence is
made
What is translation? - correct answer ✔✔in which that copy is used to direct the production of a
protein
What is a mutation? - correct answer ✔✔are alterations in a single base
or changes in large segments of DNA that
include several genes or more.
List different types of point mutations. Which are worst? - correct answer ✔✔
What is a chromosomal aberration? - correct answer ✔✔
How do mutations affect protein function? - correct answer ✔✔
How do faulty genes, coding for faulty enzymes lead to sickness? - correct answer ✔✔From
mutation to illness in just
four steps:
1. A mutated gene codes for a nonfunctioning
protein, usually an enzyme.
2. The non-functioning enzyme can't
catalyze the reaction as it normally
questions and answers graded A+
What is DNA? - correct answer ✔✔is a nucleic acid, a macromolecule
that stores information.
What is DNA made of? - correct answer ✔✔It consists of individual units called
nucleotides: a sugar, a phosphate group,
and a nitrogen-containing base.
What is a nucleotide? - correct answer ✔✔a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a
phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
What is a genome? - correct answer ✔✔The full set of DNA an organism carries
What is a gene? - correct answer ✔✔A gene is a sequence of bases in a DNA
molecule that carries the information
necessary for producing a functional
product, usually a protein molecule or
RNA.
What is an allele? - correct answer ✔✔one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise
by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
What is a trait? - correct answer ✔✔is a feature of an organism.
, What is non-coding DNA? - correct answer ✔✔sequences are components of an organism's
DNA that do not encode protein sequences.
What is transcription? - correct answer ✔✔in which a copy of the a gene's base sequence is
made
What is translation? - correct answer ✔✔in which that copy is used to direct the production of a
protein
What is a mutation? - correct answer ✔✔are alterations in a single base
or changes in large segments of DNA that
include several genes or more.
List different types of point mutations. Which are worst? - correct answer ✔✔
What is a chromosomal aberration? - correct answer ✔✔
How do mutations affect protein function? - correct answer ✔✔
How do faulty genes, coding for faulty enzymes lead to sickness? - correct answer ✔✔From
mutation to illness in just
four steps:
1. A mutated gene codes for a nonfunctioning
protein, usually an enzyme.
2. The non-functioning enzyme can't
catalyze the reaction as it normally
