Bio250 midterm study guide 2025
Questions with Accurate Solutions
What is the correct path of an electrical excitation from the pacemaker to a cardiocyte in
the left ventricle (LV)? - ANSWER Sinoatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) node →
atrioventricular (AV) bundle → subendocardial conducting network → cardiocyte in LV
Atrial depolarization is read as the ____ on an EKG? - ANSWER P wave
If the _____ fails to adequately initiate a regular heartbeat, it is often replaced with an artificial
pacemaker. - ANSWER sinoatrial (SA) node
The pulmonary circuit is supplied by both the right and left sides of the heart. - ANSWER False
The second heart sound is due to the ______ valves closing. - ANSWER semilunar
The ventricles are almost empty at the end of ventricles diastole. - ANSWER False
When the left ventricle contracts, the __________ valve closes and the __________ valve is
pushed open. - ANSWER mitral and aortic
The inferior end of the heart is referred to as the base. - ANSWER False
As the ventricles begin to contract, blood pushes against the AV valves and closes them, causing
_______? - ANSWER The first heart sound
, Blood in the heart chambers provides most of the myocardium's oxygen and nutrient needs.
- ANSWER False, oxygen and nutrients come from coronary circulation
Pericardial fluid is found between which structures? - ANSWER The parietal and visceral
pericardia
The tricuspid valve regulates the opening between the ______? - ANSWER Right atrium and
right ventricle
The systematic circuit contains oxygen rich blood only. - ANSWER False
The _____ is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart? - ANSWER Parietal pericardium
Which of these is not part of the cardiac conduction system? - ANSWER The tendinous cords
(TC)
Which of the following is directly responsible for recognizing an antigen upon re-exposure? -
ANSWER Memory T cells
The ______ shows a remarkable degree of degeneration (involution) with age. - ANSWER
thymus
The increased blood flow associated with inflammation helps to deliver ______ to the injury
site. - ANSWER leukocytes
Which component of the lymphatic system consist of unencapsulated aggregates of
lymphocytes in the connective tissues and mucous membranes of various organs? - ANSWER
Lymphatic tissues
Questions with Accurate Solutions
What is the correct path of an electrical excitation from the pacemaker to a cardiocyte in
the left ventricle (LV)? - ANSWER Sinoatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) node →
atrioventricular (AV) bundle → subendocardial conducting network → cardiocyte in LV
Atrial depolarization is read as the ____ on an EKG? - ANSWER P wave
If the _____ fails to adequately initiate a regular heartbeat, it is often replaced with an artificial
pacemaker. - ANSWER sinoatrial (SA) node
The pulmonary circuit is supplied by both the right and left sides of the heart. - ANSWER False
The second heart sound is due to the ______ valves closing. - ANSWER semilunar
The ventricles are almost empty at the end of ventricles diastole. - ANSWER False
When the left ventricle contracts, the __________ valve closes and the __________ valve is
pushed open. - ANSWER mitral and aortic
The inferior end of the heart is referred to as the base. - ANSWER False
As the ventricles begin to contract, blood pushes against the AV valves and closes them, causing
_______? - ANSWER The first heart sound
, Blood in the heart chambers provides most of the myocardium's oxygen and nutrient needs.
- ANSWER False, oxygen and nutrients come from coronary circulation
Pericardial fluid is found between which structures? - ANSWER The parietal and visceral
pericardia
The tricuspid valve regulates the opening between the ______? - ANSWER Right atrium and
right ventricle
The systematic circuit contains oxygen rich blood only. - ANSWER False
The _____ is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart? - ANSWER Parietal pericardium
Which of these is not part of the cardiac conduction system? - ANSWER The tendinous cords
(TC)
Which of the following is directly responsible for recognizing an antigen upon re-exposure? -
ANSWER Memory T cells
The ______ shows a remarkable degree of degeneration (involution) with age. - ANSWER
thymus
The increased blood flow associated with inflammation helps to deliver ______ to the injury
site. - ANSWER leukocytes
Which component of the lymphatic system consist of unencapsulated aggregates of
lymphocytes in the connective tissues and mucous membranes of various organs? - ANSWER
Lymphatic tissues
