BIO 1124 Prep Exam 2 Test Questions
With Already Solved Solutions 2025.
Cell Theory - Answer 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division
Plant Cells - Answer have a central vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall
Animal cell - Answer has centrosomes/centrioles and lysosomes
cytoskeleton - Answer network of 3 types of protein filaments: microtubules, intermediate
filaments, actin filaments
Flagella - Answer facilitates cellular movement; usually longer, singly or in pairs, 9+2
microtubule array
Cilia - Answer Hairlike projections that are used for cellular movement, shorter, cover all or
part of the cell surface
endomembrane system - Answer network of membranes enclosing organelles that all work
together, includes plasma membrane, may be directly connected or pass materials through
vesicles (does not contain materials within the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast)
nuclear envelope - Answer double membrane that encloses the nucleus (outer membrane is
continuous with the ER membrane), contains nuclear pores that allow passageways in and out
of the nucleus
nucleus - Answer contains chromosomes, comprised of DNA and proteins (chromatin)
nuclear matrix - Answer filamentous network that organizes chromosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer network of membrane, forms flattened, fluid filled tubules
, Smooth ER - Answer detoxification and lipid synthesis
where are lipids formed? - Answer smooth endoplasmic reticulum
chromatin - Answer complex of proteins and DNA located in the nucleus
nucleolus - Answer site for ribosome subunit assembly, located within the nucleus
golgi apparatus - Answer site of modification, sorting and secretion of lipids and proteins (post
office), 8 stacks of flattened membrane bounded compartments, contains vesicles (cis, trans and
medial structures)
vesicles - Answer transport materials between stacks within the golgi apparatus
lysosomes - Answer where macromolecules are degraded or broken down, contain acid
hydrolases, perform autophagy
hydrolase - Answer enzyme that performs hydrolysis, only work within the acidic pH of the
lysosomes
centrosome - Answer where microtubules grow, contains centrioles
central vacuole - Answer found in plant cells for storage and support, regulates cell volume
peroxisome - Answer break down molecules by removing hydrogen and adding oxygen
What are semiautonomous organelles? (have their own DNA) - Answer mitochondria and
chloroplast (grow and divide independently)
endosymbiosis - Answer eukaryotes evolved to take up proteobacteria from the mitochondria
and allow the mitochondria and chloroplast to make their own energy
mitochondria - Answer makes ATP, involved in synthesis, modification and breakdown of
With Already Solved Solutions 2025.
Cell Theory - Answer 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division
Plant Cells - Answer have a central vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall
Animal cell - Answer has centrosomes/centrioles and lysosomes
cytoskeleton - Answer network of 3 types of protein filaments: microtubules, intermediate
filaments, actin filaments
Flagella - Answer facilitates cellular movement; usually longer, singly or in pairs, 9+2
microtubule array
Cilia - Answer Hairlike projections that are used for cellular movement, shorter, cover all or
part of the cell surface
endomembrane system - Answer network of membranes enclosing organelles that all work
together, includes plasma membrane, may be directly connected or pass materials through
vesicles (does not contain materials within the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast)
nuclear envelope - Answer double membrane that encloses the nucleus (outer membrane is
continuous with the ER membrane), contains nuclear pores that allow passageways in and out
of the nucleus
nucleus - Answer contains chromosomes, comprised of DNA and proteins (chromatin)
nuclear matrix - Answer filamentous network that organizes chromosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer network of membrane, forms flattened, fluid filled tubules
, Smooth ER - Answer detoxification and lipid synthesis
where are lipids formed? - Answer smooth endoplasmic reticulum
chromatin - Answer complex of proteins and DNA located in the nucleus
nucleolus - Answer site for ribosome subunit assembly, located within the nucleus
golgi apparatus - Answer site of modification, sorting and secretion of lipids and proteins (post
office), 8 stacks of flattened membrane bounded compartments, contains vesicles (cis, trans and
medial structures)
vesicles - Answer transport materials between stacks within the golgi apparatus
lysosomes - Answer where macromolecules are degraded or broken down, contain acid
hydrolases, perform autophagy
hydrolase - Answer enzyme that performs hydrolysis, only work within the acidic pH of the
lysosomes
centrosome - Answer where microtubules grow, contains centrioles
central vacuole - Answer found in plant cells for storage and support, regulates cell volume
peroxisome - Answer break down molecules by removing hydrogen and adding oxygen
What are semiautonomous organelles? (have their own DNA) - Answer mitochondria and
chloroplast (grow and divide independently)
endosymbiosis - Answer eukaryotes evolved to take up proteobacteria from the mitochondria
and allow the mitochondria and chloroplast to make their own energy
mitochondria - Answer makes ATP, involved in synthesis, modification and breakdown of
