BBK99E1 Practical Exam Answer Sheets 2024/2025 Update
R2= DcE
little r= dce
little r'= dCe
little r''= DcE
Ro= Dce
little ry= dCE
Rz= DCE
what is the most common phenotype in Rh positive people? - __100% correct
answer as R1r (Dee/dce)
antigen - __100% correct answer as substance that elicits an immune response
when introduced into the tissue of a host
antibody - __100% correct answer as an immunoglobulin which is produces in
response to stimulation by a specific antigen
incomplete antibody - __100% correct answer as possesses only a single antigen-
binding site
- no visible evidence of antigen/antibody reaction because agglutination requires
formation of intracellular bridges between antibody molecules attached to 2 or more
RBCs
- these antibodies require enhancement, heat, and AHG
- agglutination occurs at AHG (ex: IgG
complete antibodies - __100% correct answer as saline agglutination antibodies
- agglutination occurs at room temp
- these antibodies have multiple antigen binding sites (ex: IgM)
amorphs - __100% correct answer as represents the absence of an antigen; not
detectable (ex: Oh, d, se)
IgG - __100% correct answer as fixes complement
crosses placenta
usually non-agglutinating
warm reaction
, IgM - __100% correct answer as fixes complement
does not cross placenta
usually agglutinating
first class prod. by infants
ABO antibodies (cause intravascular hemolysis and complement fixation)
cold reacting
- naturally occuring anti-A,B,D
inheritance of ABO antigens - __100% correct answer as genes at 3 separate loci
control location and occurence of A and B antigens
- these loci are: ABO, Hh, and Sese
Se gene is responsible for: - __100% correct answer as H production
- H gene produces enzyme that constructs the antigen onto which the A and B antigens
are built
ABO antigens are found on - __100% correct answer as lymphocytes, RBCs,
platelets, and tissue cells
Rh antigens are found on - __100% correct answer as RBCs
Group O - __100% correct answer as no antigens, A and B antibodies
group A - __100% correct answer as A antigen and anti-B antibody
group B - __100% correct answer as B antigen and anti-A antibody
group AB - __100% correct answer as AB antigens and no antibodies
Group O immunoglobulin - __100% correct answer as have IgM anti-A and anti-B
and IgG anti-A,B crosses the placente more readily than anti-A or anti-B
IgG antibodies - __100% correct answer as anti-A,B is used to make anti-A,B
reagent because it is more likely to detect subgroups of A
bombay - __100% correct answer as rare genotype that lacks normal expression
of ABO genes
- these pts do not prod. H antigens, so even if they have A or B genes the A or B
antigens cannot be expressed
- these pts produce anti-H antibody which reacts with any group O cells (hh)
- first appear to be O with anti-H
- react negatively with H lectin
R2= DcE
little r= dce
little r'= dCe
little r''= DcE
Ro= Dce
little ry= dCE
Rz= DCE
what is the most common phenotype in Rh positive people? - __100% correct
answer as R1r (Dee/dce)
antigen - __100% correct answer as substance that elicits an immune response
when introduced into the tissue of a host
antibody - __100% correct answer as an immunoglobulin which is produces in
response to stimulation by a specific antigen
incomplete antibody - __100% correct answer as possesses only a single antigen-
binding site
- no visible evidence of antigen/antibody reaction because agglutination requires
formation of intracellular bridges between antibody molecules attached to 2 or more
RBCs
- these antibodies require enhancement, heat, and AHG
- agglutination occurs at AHG (ex: IgG
complete antibodies - __100% correct answer as saline agglutination antibodies
- agglutination occurs at room temp
- these antibodies have multiple antigen binding sites (ex: IgM)
amorphs - __100% correct answer as represents the absence of an antigen; not
detectable (ex: Oh, d, se)
IgG - __100% correct answer as fixes complement
crosses placenta
usually non-agglutinating
warm reaction
, IgM - __100% correct answer as fixes complement
does not cross placenta
usually agglutinating
first class prod. by infants
ABO antibodies (cause intravascular hemolysis and complement fixation)
cold reacting
- naturally occuring anti-A,B,D
inheritance of ABO antigens - __100% correct answer as genes at 3 separate loci
control location and occurence of A and B antigens
- these loci are: ABO, Hh, and Sese
Se gene is responsible for: - __100% correct answer as H production
- H gene produces enzyme that constructs the antigen onto which the A and B antigens
are built
ABO antigens are found on - __100% correct answer as lymphocytes, RBCs,
platelets, and tissue cells
Rh antigens are found on - __100% correct answer as RBCs
Group O - __100% correct answer as no antigens, A and B antibodies
group A - __100% correct answer as A antigen and anti-B antibody
group B - __100% correct answer as B antigen and anti-A antibody
group AB - __100% correct answer as AB antigens and no antibodies
Group O immunoglobulin - __100% correct answer as have IgM anti-A and anti-B
and IgG anti-A,B crosses the placente more readily than anti-A or anti-B
IgG antibodies - __100% correct answer as anti-A,B is used to make anti-A,B
reagent because it is more likely to detect subgroups of A
bombay - __100% correct answer as rare genotype that lacks normal expression
of ABO genes
- these pts do not prod. H antigens, so even if they have A or B genes the A or B
antigens cannot be expressed
- these pts produce anti-H antibody which reacts with any group O cells (hh)
- first appear to be O with anti-H
- react negatively with H lectin
