Bio 152 Exam 2 UNIT 3 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Cortical Mapping - CORRECT ANSWER - direct brain recording or stimulation to
identify language, motor, and sensory areas of the cortex.
Sensory homunculus - CORRECT ANSWER - Demonstrates that the area of the cortex
dedicated to the sensations of various body parts is proportional to how sensitive that part of the
body is.
What is the relationship between an animal's ecology and the amount of brain space devoted to
different brain regions? - CORRECT ANSWER - An animal's ecology, including their
environment, behaviors, and social structures, strongly influences the allocation of brain space to
different regions, ultimately shaping their cognitive abilities. (fish + neurosensors)
Transduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Transformation of one type of energy into
electrical impulses in the nervous system.
What kinds of information can sensory systems detect and transduce? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Temperature, touch, vibration, pain, muscle, and stretch; sensory receptors=
transducers
Mechanoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER - pressure, touch, stretch, motion, and sound
(muscle spindle, hair cell)
Pain Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - excess heat, pressure, chemicals released from
inflammation
Thermoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER - cold and hot, interceptors for temperature to
the anterior hypothalamus
, Electromagnetic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - visible light, infrared, ultraviolet,
electricity, magnetism
Statocyst - CORRECT ANSWER - a small organ of balance and orientation in some
aquatic invertebrates, consisting of a sensory vesicle or cell containing statoliths.
What are the three traits that the H5N1 virus has that are important to understanding its evolution
and its relationship to human disease? - CORRECT ANSWER - The H5N1 Virus has the
ability to escape the human immune system, ability to make new variants, and ability to enter
human hosts. Can evolve to be more mild.
What is Darwinian medicine? - CORRECT ANSWER - evolutionary medicine, applies
evolutionary theory to understand health and disease, exploring why our bodies are susceptible to
certain diseases and how evolution has shaped our physiology
Examples of Darwinian medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - We need pain to survive =
more likely to die without pain; this is considered any adaptation.
-Low blood iron levels during infection. (Bacteria need iron, so why is anemia a thing... iron
feeds bacteria)
-Why are women nauseous during pregnancy? — don't eat things with toxi,ns embryo is
sensitive to toxins ; evolve the ability to be more sensitive
-Infections —sickle cell anemia (two copies of the recessive gene red blood cells can change
shape and get clogged (Ww you have resistance to malaria)
Ultimate Question - CORRECT ANSWER - Where do they come from? (Evolution) What
was its evolutionary history
Proximate question - CORRECT ANSWER - How does it work? How did it develop (eye
physiology, pax-6 genes)
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Cortical Mapping - CORRECT ANSWER - direct brain recording or stimulation to
identify language, motor, and sensory areas of the cortex.
Sensory homunculus - CORRECT ANSWER - Demonstrates that the area of the cortex
dedicated to the sensations of various body parts is proportional to how sensitive that part of the
body is.
What is the relationship between an animal's ecology and the amount of brain space devoted to
different brain regions? - CORRECT ANSWER - An animal's ecology, including their
environment, behaviors, and social structures, strongly influences the allocation of brain space to
different regions, ultimately shaping their cognitive abilities. (fish + neurosensors)
Transduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Transformation of one type of energy into
electrical impulses in the nervous system.
What kinds of information can sensory systems detect and transduce? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Temperature, touch, vibration, pain, muscle, and stretch; sensory receptors=
transducers
Mechanoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER - pressure, touch, stretch, motion, and sound
(muscle spindle, hair cell)
Pain Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - excess heat, pressure, chemicals released from
inflammation
Thermoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER - cold and hot, interceptors for temperature to
the anterior hypothalamus
, Electromagnetic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - visible light, infrared, ultraviolet,
electricity, magnetism
Statocyst - CORRECT ANSWER - a small organ of balance and orientation in some
aquatic invertebrates, consisting of a sensory vesicle or cell containing statoliths.
What are the three traits that the H5N1 virus has that are important to understanding its evolution
and its relationship to human disease? - CORRECT ANSWER - The H5N1 Virus has the
ability to escape the human immune system, ability to make new variants, and ability to enter
human hosts. Can evolve to be more mild.
What is Darwinian medicine? - CORRECT ANSWER - evolutionary medicine, applies
evolutionary theory to understand health and disease, exploring why our bodies are susceptible to
certain diseases and how evolution has shaped our physiology
Examples of Darwinian medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - We need pain to survive =
more likely to die without pain; this is considered any adaptation.
-Low blood iron levels during infection. (Bacteria need iron, so why is anemia a thing... iron
feeds bacteria)
-Why are women nauseous during pregnancy? — don't eat things with toxi,ns embryo is
sensitive to toxins ; evolve the ability to be more sensitive
-Infections —sickle cell anemia (two copies of the recessive gene red blood cells can change
shape and get clogged (Ww you have resistance to malaria)
Ultimate Question - CORRECT ANSWER - Where do they come from? (Evolution) What
was its evolutionary history
Proximate question - CORRECT ANSWER - How does it work? How did it develop (eye
physiology, pax-6 genes)
