Biology 152 Exam 5 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
3 characteristics that distinguish nervous systems from endocrine systems - CORRECT
ANSWER - NERVOUS SYSTEM:
-Rapidly transmitted signals
-neurotransmitters over synapses
-action potentials over long distances
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
-Slower transmission via circulatory system
-hormones as the chemical messangers
2 types of chemical signaling aside from those used in nervous and endocrine systems -
CORRECT ANSWER - AUTOCRINE/PARACRINE: chemicals secreted by cells with
local effects
PHEROMONES: chemicals released externally by animals that affects others of the same
species
Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands + examples - CORRECT ANSWER -
EXOCRINE: with outflow tubes/ducts (salivary, tears)
ENDOCRINE: without ducts (adrenal, pancreas)
What is the difference between the two major types of endocrine cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER - NEUROSECRETORY: (excitable) direct interface with nervous system
NONNEURAL ENDOCRINE: (non-excitable)
, What is a hormone, what are the three major classes of hormones, + examples - CORRECT
ANSWER - HORMONE= chemical substances released by endocrine cells that regulate
function of other cells
1) PEPTIDES/PROTEINS: insulin
2)STEROIDS: testosterone
3)AMINES: epinephrine/adrenaline
Examples of how effects of one hormone can vary among different organisms, and organs in an
organism - CORRECT ANSWER - EX: PROLACTIN:
-mammals: stimulates milk
-birds: stimulates nest building behavior
-salmon: stabilizes blood ion composition
What is the role played by hormones in the development and metamorphosis of insects -
CORRECT ANSWER - -causes developmental molts
-Juvenile hormone: suppresses metamorphosis until later in development
3 functions of excretory systems - CORRECT ANSWER - -osmoregulation (water)
-Ionoregulation (dissolved ions/salts)
-Removal of nitrogenous wastes
Two properties of body fluids that are relevant to excretion - CORRECT ANSWER --
Osmotic pressure (measure of total concentration of solutes)
-Ionic composition (measure specific ions in solutions)
Extrarenal salt excretion?, name two groups of animals that use it - CORRECT
ANSWER - --Ions can be excreted by tissues other than the kidneys (salt glands)
-Birds, reptiles
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
3 characteristics that distinguish nervous systems from endocrine systems - CORRECT
ANSWER - NERVOUS SYSTEM:
-Rapidly transmitted signals
-neurotransmitters over synapses
-action potentials over long distances
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
-Slower transmission via circulatory system
-hormones as the chemical messangers
2 types of chemical signaling aside from those used in nervous and endocrine systems -
CORRECT ANSWER - AUTOCRINE/PARACRINE: chemicals secreted by cells with
local effects
PHEROMONES: chemicals released externally by animals that affects others of the same
species
Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands + examples - CORRECT ANSWER -
EXOCRINE: with outflow tubes/ducts (salivary, tears)
ENDOCRINE: without ducts (adrenal, pancreas)
What is the difference between the two major types of endocrine cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER - NEUROSECRETORY: (excitable) direct interface with nervous system
NONNEURAL ENDOCRINE: (non-excitable)
, What is a hormone, what are the three major classes of hormones, + examples - CORRECT
ANSWER - HORMONE= chemical substances released by endocrine cells that regulate
function of other cells
1) PEPTIDES/PROTEINS: insulin
2)STEROIDS: testosterone
3)AMINES: epinephrine/adrenaline
Examples of how effects of one hormone can vary among different organisms, and organs in an
organism - CORRECT ANSWER - EX: PROLACTIN:
-mammals: stimulates milk
-birds: stimulates nest building behavior
-salmon: stabilizes blood ion composition
What is the role played by hormones in the development and metamorphosis of insects -
CORRECT ANSWER - -causes developmental molts
-Juvenile hormone: suppresses metamorphosis until later in development
3 functions of excretory systems - CORRECT ANSWER - -osmoregulation (water)
-Ionoregulation (dissolved ions/salts)
-Removal of nitrogenous wastes
Two properties of body fluids that are relevant to excretion - CORRECT ANSWER --
Osmotic pressure (measure of total concentration of solutes)
-Ionic composition (measure specific ions in solutions)
Extrarenal salt excretion?, name two groups of animals that use it - CORRECT
ANSWER - --Ions can be excreted by tissues other than the kidneys (salt glands)
-Birds, reptiles
