KU bio 152 exam 3 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
mechanical defense in plants and example - CORRECT ANSWER - physical barriers
thorns, bark, fuzz
chemical defense in plants - CORRECT ANSWER - harm animals by altering their
physiology(normal functions)
Chemical defense alkaloids (drugs) - CORRECT ANSWER - use lots of nitrogen
used to make nicotine, caffeine, morphine
Chemical defense terpenoids - CORRECT ANSWER - essential oils that repel animals
can treat cancer and malaria
chemical defense phenols (grass) - CORRECT ANSWER - tannins that escape when
chewed and make the plant hard to digest
used to make asprine and skin treatments
Ecological defense in plants and example - CORRECT ANSWER - make use of
intraspecific interactions
ants that use plant as home attack invaders
basal resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Receptors in plasma membrane recognize
molecules that are present in many pathogens, this is a plants first line of defense
How can plants respond to an incoming pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER - they can
thicken cell walls
close entrance holes
,produce antimicrobial compounds
hypersensitive response - CORRECT ANSWER - a plant's localized defense response to a
pathogen, involving the death of cells around the site of infection
water vascular wilt disease - CORRECT ANSWER - plant cuts off xylem to stop
infections but died of thirst
specific resistance in plants - CORRECT ANSWER - immunity, resistance to a specific
pathogen
plants can retain some memory of a pathogen
systematic acquired resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - in plants, inducible whole-body
resistance to a wide range of pathogens and abiotic stressors
plants becoming completely immune to pathogens
innate immunity in animals - CORRECT ANSWER - nonspecific defense common to all
animals that is active immediately upon exposure to pathogens and that is the same whether or
not the pathogen has been encountered previously.
Phagocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of white blood cell that senses invading
microbes by receptors then ingests the invader
then it sends out a signal that the body is under attack using cytokines
mast cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells that release the chemical histamine, when
injured, that promote the dilation and permeability of blood vessels
natural killer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor
cells and virus-infected cells
do not recognize pathogens, recognize the signal from abnormal cells
, are used when cells don't present their MHC
act faster than cytotoxic cells
4 types of innate WBC - CORRECT ANSWER - regular WBC
phagocytes
mast cells
natural killer cells
4 characteristics of inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER - redness, heat, swelling =
because increased blood flow
pain = because nerve endings damaged
adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to recognize and remember
specific antigens and mount an attack on them
2 WBC of adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - B-lymphocytes (b-cells)
T-lymphocytes (t-cells)
both circulate through blood looking for pathogens
B-lymphocytes (b-cells) - CORRECT ANSWER - hold and secrete antibodies
each b-cell produces a single antibody
when it comes across its specific antigen, it binds and surrounds it so it cannot infect anything
clonal selection - CORRECT ANSWER - Triggered when an antigen binds, this causes the
b-cell to divide into plasma cells and memory cells
plasma cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells that develop from B cells and produce
specific antibodies to the foreign invader
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
mechanical defense in plants and example - CORRECT ANSWER - physical barriers
thorns, bark, fuzz
chemical defense in plants - CORRECT ANSWER - harm animals by altering their
physiology(normal functions)
Chemical defense alkaloids (drugs) - CORRECT ANSWER - use lots of nitrogen
used to make nicotine, caffeine, morphine
Chemical defense terpenoids - CORRECT ANSWER - essential oils that repel animals
can treat cancer and malaria
chemical defense phenols (grass) - CORRECT ANSWER - tannins that escape when
chewed and make the plant hard to digest
used to make asprine and skin treatments
Ecological defense in plants and example - CORRECT ANSWER - make use of
intraspecific interactions
ants that use plant as home attack invaders
basal resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Receptors in plasma membrane recognize
molecules that are present in many pathogens, this is a plants first line of defense
How can plants respond to an incoming pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER - they can
thicken cell walls
close entrance holes
,produce antimicrobial compounds
hypersensitive response - CORRECT ANSWER - a plant's localized defense response to a
pathogen, involving the death of cells around the site of infection
water vascular wilt disease - CORRECT ANSWER - plant cuts off xylem to stop
infections but died of thirst
specific resistance in plants - CORRECT ANSWER - immunity, resistance to a specific
pathogen
plants can retain some memory of a pathogen
systematic acquired resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - in plants, inducible whole-body
resistance to a wide range of pathogens and abiotic stressors
plants becoming completely immune to pathogens
innate immunity in animals - CORRECT ANSWER - nonspecific defense common to all
animals that is active immediately upon exposure to pathogens and that is the same whether or
not the pathogen has been encountered previously.
Phagocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of white blood cell that senses invading
microbes by receptors then ingests the invader
then it sends out a signal that the body is under attack using cytokines
mast cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells that release the chemical histamine, when
injured, that promote the dilation and permeability of blood vessels
natural killer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor
cells and virus-infected cells
do not recognize pathogens, recognize the signal from abnormal cells
, are used when cells don't present their MHC
act faster than cytotoxic cells
4 types of innate WBC - CORRECT ANSWER - regular WBC
phagocytes
mast cells
natural killer cells
4 characteristics of inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER - redness, heat, swelling =
because increased blood flow
pain = because nerve endings damaged
adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to recognize and remember
specific antigens and mount an attack on them
2 WBC of adaptive immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - B-lymphocytes (b-cells)
T-lymphocytes (t-cells)
both circulate through blood looking for pathogens
B-lymphocytes (b-cells) - CORRECT ANSWER - hold and secrete antibodies
each b-cell produces a single antibody
when it comes across its specific antigen, it binds and surrounds it so it cannot infect anything
clonal selection - CORRECT ANSWER - Triggered when an antigen binds, this causes the
b-cell to divide into plasma cells and memory cells
plasma cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cells that develop from B cells and produce
specific antibodies to the foreign invader
