2
Nutrition 331 Midterm exam with || || || || ||
verified detailed solutions || ||
Unit 1 Overview of Nutrition
|| || || || ||
Applied Science - Correct answer ✔draws on many disciplines of science (biochemistry,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology, religion,
|| || || || || || || ||
microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business)
|| || || ||
Essential Nutrients - Correct answer ✔must be provided directly by foods
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Nutrition - Correct answer ✔multi-disciplinary study of processes by which nutrients
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
are handled in body (how food nourished the body)
|| || || || || || || ||
-study of human behaviour related to food
|| || || || || ||
6 major classes of nutrients - Correct answer ✔1. Carbohydrates
|| || || || || || || || ||
2. Lipids (fats)
|| ||
3. Protein
||
4. Vitamines
||
5. Minerals
||
6. Water (60% body weight)
|| || || ||
Macronutrients - Correct answer ✔required in large amounts (grams/Litres)
|| || || || || || || ||
(carbs, lipids, proteins, and water)
|| || || ||
,2
Energy Yielding Nutrients - Correct answer ✔carbs, lipids, and proteins
|| || || || || || || || ||
micronutrients - Correct answer ✔vitamins and most minerals, required in small
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
amounts (mg/micrograms) ||
Food - Correct answer ✔any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
will enable you to stay alive and grow
|| || || || || || ||
Diet - Correct answer ✔the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Nutrients - Correct answer ✔components of food that indispensable to body's
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
functioning ||
-provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
growth
Malnutrition - Correct answer ✔any condition caused by excess/ deficient food energy/
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients
|| || || || || || ||
Undernutrition - Correct answer ✔nutrient or energy deficiencies
|| || || || || || ||
Over-nutrition - Correct answer ✔nutrient or energy excess
|| || || || || || ||
Chronic disease - Correct answer ✔long-duration degenerative diseases characterized by
|| || || || || || || || ||
deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-all connected to poor diet (not diet alone)
|| || || || || || ||
-genetic inheritance related to diet
|| || || ||
,2
Anemia - Correct answer ✔red blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot meet
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen demands of body || || ||
Genome - Correct answer ✔full complement of genetic material in chromosomes of
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
cell (99% same in all ppl)
|| || || || ||
DNA - Correct answer ✔molecule that encodes genetic information in structure
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Genes - Correct answer ✔units of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each directs making
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body)
|| || || || || || || || ||
Nutritional Genomics - Correct answer ✔the science of how nutrients affect the
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Energy - Correct answer ✔capacity to do work (in food is chemical energy)
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Organic - Correct answer ✔carbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and vitamins)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Energy-yielding nutrients - Correct answer ✔nutrients body can use for energy (building
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
blocks of structure)
|| || ||
-carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure)
|| || || || || || ||
Calories - Correct answer ✔units of energy (kilocalorie)
|| || || || || || || ||
-amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal)
|| || || ||
-total food energy per serving
|| || || ||
-1 cal=4.2 kilojouls
|| ||
, 2
Calories of || ||
1. Carbs
||
2. Fat
||
3. Protein - Correct answer ✔1. 4 cal/g
|| || || || || || ||
2. 9 cal/g
|| ||
3. 4 cal/g
|| ||
Grams - Correct answer ✔units of weight
|| || || || || ||
-g= cubic centimetre (cc) or millilitre (mL) of H2O under defined conditions of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
temperature and pressure || ||
Dietary Supplements - Correct answer ✔pills, liquids, powders that contain purified
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrients or other ingredients || || ||
Elemental Diets - Correct answer ✔purified ingredients of known chemical component
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-intended to supply all essential nutrients to ppl who cannot eat foods
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Non nutrients - Correct answer ✔compounds other than 6 nutrients that present in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
foods and have biological activity in body
|| || || || || ||
Phytochemical's - Correct answer ✔non-nutrient compounds in plant-derived foods that
|| || || || || || || || ||
have biological activity in body (colour, taste, etc of foods)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-reduce disease risk || ||
Cultural and social menials attached to foods (6)
|| || || || || || ||
1.Cuisines
Nutrition 331 Midterm exam with || || || || ||
verified detailed solutions || ||
Unit 1 Overview of Nutrition
|| || || || ||
Applied Science - Correct answer ✔draws on many disciplines of science (biochemistry,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology, religion,
|| || || || || || || ||
microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business)
|| || || ||
Essential Nutrients - Correct answer ✔must be provided directly by foods
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Nutrition - Correct answer ✔multi-disciplinary study of processes by which nutrients
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
are handled in body (how food nourished the body)
|| || || || || || || ||
-study of human behaviour related to food
|| || || || || ||
6 major classes of nutrients - Correct answer ✔1. Carbohydrates
|| || || || || || || || ||
2. Lipids (fats)
|| ||
3. Protein
||
4. Vitamines
||
5. Minerals
||
6. Water (60% body weight)
|| || || ||
Macronutrients - Correct answer ✔required in large amounts (grams/Litres)
|| || || || || || || ||
(carbs, lipids, proteins, and water)
|| || || ||
,2
Energy Yielding Nutrients - Correct answer ✔carbs, lipids, and proteins
|| || || || || || || || ||
micronutrients - Correct answer ✔vitamins and most minerals, required in small
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
amounts (mg/micrograms) ||
Food - Correct answer ✔any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
will enable you to stay alive and grow
|| || || || || || ||
Diet - Correct answer ✔the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Nutrients - Correct answer ✔components of food that indispensable to body's
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
functioning ||
-provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
growth
Malnutrition - Correct answer ✔any condition caused by excess/ deficient food energy/
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients
|| || || || || || ||
Undernutrition - Correct answer ✔nutrient or energy deficiencies
|| || || || || || ||
Over-nutrition - Correct answer ✔nutrient or energy excess
|| || || || || || ||
Chronic disease - Correct answer ✔long-duration degenerative diseases characterized by
|| || || || || || || || ||
deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-all connected to poor diet (not diet alone)
|| || || || || || ||
-genetic inheritance related to diet
|| || || ||
,2
Anemia - Correct answer ✔red blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot meet
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen demands of body || || ||
Genome - Correct answer ✔full complement of genetic material in chromosomes of
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
cell (99% same in all ppl)
|| || || || ||
DNA - Correct answer ✔molecule that encodes genetic information in structure
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Genes - Correct answer ✔units of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each directs making
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body)
|| || || || || || || || ||
Nutritional Genomics - Correct answer ✔the science of how nutrients affect the
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Energy - Correct answer ✔capacity to do work (in food is chemical energy)
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Organic - Correct answer ✔carbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and vitamins)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Energy-yielding nutrients - Correct answer ✔nutrients body can use for energy (building
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
blocks of structure)
|| || ||
-carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure)
|| || || || || || ||
Calories - Correct answer ✔units of energy (kilocalorie)
|| || || || || || || ||
-amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal)
|| || || ||
-total food energy per serving
|| || || ||
-1 cal=4.2 kilojouls
|| ||
, 2
Calories of || ||
1. Carbs
||
2. Fat
||
3. Protein - Correct answer ✔1. 4 cal/g
|| || || || || || ||
2. 9 cal/g
|| ||
3. 4 cal/g
|| ||
Grams - Correct answer ✔units of weight
|| || || || || ||
-g= cubic centimetre (cc) or millilitre (mL) of H2O under defined conditions of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
temperature and pressure || ||
Dietary Supplements - Correct answer ✔pills, liquids, powders that contain purified
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrients or other ingredients || || ||
Elemental Diets - Correct answer ✔purified ingredients of known chemical component
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-intended to supply all essential nutrients to ppl who cannot eat foods
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Non nutrients - Correct answer ✔compounds other than 6 nutrients that present in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
foods and have biological activity in body
|| || || || || ||
Phytochemical's - Correct answer ✔non-nutrient compounds in plant-derived foods that
|| || || || || || || || ||
have biological activity in body (colour, taste, etc of foods)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
-reduce disease risk || ||
Cultural and social menials attached to foods (6)
|| || || || || || ||
1.Cuisines
