Development Across the Lifespan - Test 1
Questions with Detailed Verified Answers
What is the expected outcome of the trust vs. mistrust
stage of Erikson's theory?
✓✓ Hope
What is the expected outcome of Erikson's autonomy vs.
shame and doubt stage?
✓✓ Will, the ability to control one's own actions
Who was the first researcher in attachment?
✓✓ John Bowlby
What is ethology?
✓✓ The study of adaptive behaviours of different
species
By what time has a child developed an attachment to
their primary caregiver?
✓✓ 6-7 months
What are the 4 types of attachment?
, ✓✓ Secure, Avoidant (doesn't care if caregivers
leave or stay), Resistant (upset when leave or stay),
Disorganized (confused either way)
What are 3 basic emotions?
✓✓ Happiness, anger, fear
What is stranger wariness linked to?
✓✓ A baby's new ability to move/explore
When do complex emotions like guilt develop?
✓✓ 24 months
When does the concept of self develop?
✓✓ 15-18 months
What is social referencing?
✓✓ Unfamiliar situations cause the baby to look at
their parents for cues
What is temperament?
✓✓ The pattern or style of a baby's interactions
, What is parallel play?
✓✓ Playing alone but maintaining interest in others
(1 year)
What is prosocial behaviour?
✓✓ Behaviour that benefits another person
(opposite of antisocial
What is vernix?
✓✓ White-coloured wax that protects newborn
during pregnancy
What's wrong with a newborn's head, abdomen and legs
after birth?
✓✓ Misshapen head, rounded abdomen, bow-
legged
What are reflexes?
✓✓ Unlearned responses triggered by specific
stimulation
What is a survival reflex?
✓✓ Reflex with clear value, e.g. blinking
Questions with Detailed Verified Answers
What is the expected outcome of the trust vs. mistrust
stage of Erikson's theory?
✓✓ Hope
What is the expected outcome of Erikson's autonomy vs.
shame and doubt stage?
✓✓ Will, the ability to control one's own actions
Who was the first researcher in attachment?
✓✓ John Bowlby
What is ethology?
✓✓ The study of adaptive behaviours of different
species
By what time has a child developed an attachment to
their primary caregiver?
✓✓ 6-7 months
What are the 4 types of attachment?
, ✓✓ Secure, Avoidant (doesn't care if caregivers
leave or stay), Resistant (upset when leave or stay),
Disorganized (confused either way)
What are 3 basic emotions?
✓✓ Happiness, anger, fear
What is stranger wariness linked to?
✓✓ A baby's new ability to move/explore
When do complex emotions like guilt develop?
✓✓ 24 months
When does the concept of self develop?
✓✓ 15-18 months
What is social referencing?
✓✓ Unfamiliar situations cause the baby to look at
their parents for cues
What is temperament?
✓✓ The pattern or style of a baby's interactions
, What is parallel play?
✓✓ Playing alone but maintaining interest in others
(1 year)
What is prosocial behaviour?
✓✓ Behaviour that benefits another person
(opposite of antisocial
What is vernix?
✓✓ White-coloured wax that protects newborn
during pregnancy
What's wrong with a newborn's head, abdomen and legs
after birth?
✓✓ Misshapen head, rounded abdomen, bow-
legged
What are reflexes?
✓✓ Unlearned responses triggered by specific
stimulation
What is a survival reflex?
✓✓ Reflex with clear value, e.g. blinking
