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Which of the following best describes intrinsic motivation in students?
✔✔ A. Desire to learn for personal satisfaction
B. Learning to earn rewards
C. Trying to avoid punishment
D. Competing for the highest grade
According to Piaget, at what stage do children begin to understand conservation and logical
operations?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
✔✔ C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational
Vygotsky’s concept of the Zone of Proximal Development emphasizes:
A. Testing students individually
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,✔✔ B. Supporting students just beyond their current ability
C. Repetition and memorization
D. Encouraging independent discovery only
Which action by a teacher best applies behaviorist principles?
✔✔ A. Giving a sticker for completed homework
B. Asking students to reflect on mistakes
C. Encouraging group discussion
D. Promoting inquiry-based learning
What is an example of scaffolding in education?
✔✔ A. Giving sentence starters for a writing task
B. Asking students to memorize facts
C. Assigning a final test without review
D. Letting students figure it all out on their own
According to Erikson, which developmental task is central to elementary-aged children?
A. Trust vs. mistrust
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,B. Autonomy vs. shame
✔✔ C. Industry vs. inferiority
D. Identity vs. role confusion
What does metacognition refer to?
A. Memorizing facts
✔✔ B. Thinking about one’s own thinking
C. Solving math problems
D. Following teacher instructions
Which of the following best promotes self-regulated learning?
✔✔ A. Teaching students how to set goals and monitor progress
B. Giving multiple-choice tests
C. Assigning identical tasks to all students
D. Encouraging memorization
Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation?
✔✔ A. Completing work to earn extra recess
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, B. Studying because the material is interesting
C. Learning for personal growth
D. Participating in class out of curiosity
Which theorist proposed the stages of cognitive development?
✔✔ A. Jean Piaget
B. B.F. Skinner
C. Albert Bandura
D. Erik Erikson
Bandura’s theory of social learning emphasizes:
✔✔ A. Learning through observation and imitation
B. Conditioning through rewards
C. Development of logic through stages
D. Cultural language development
What classroom activity best supports Vygotsky’s theory of learning?
✔✔ A. Partner work with peer support
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