MICR 290 EXAM 7 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What is genetics?
The study of heredity
What is genome?
The entire genetic complement of an organism
Includes its genes and nucleotide sequences
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Explains the flow of genetic information, from DNA->RNA->Protein
What is DNA?
deoxyribonucleic acid, carrier of genetic information.
What is RNA?
ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Act as a messenger carrying
instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins
What is a protein?
Polymer of amino acids
What are the building blocks of DNA, RNA, and proteins?
DNA and RNA: nucleotide
Proteins: amino acids
What is a nucleotide?
Consists of a sugar molecule attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base.
What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes?
Prokaryotic: singular circular chromosomes
Eukaryotic: one or two sets of linear chromosomes
, How does DNA replication occur?
5' to 3' direction
What is another name for the lagging strand?
Okazaki fragments
How does RNA replication occur?
The gene-start and gene-end signals are ignored and an exact complementary copy of the
genome is synthesized.
How does protein translation occur?
Takes place on the ribosome in the cell cytoplasm. mRNA is read and translated into the string of
amino acid chains that make up the synthesized protein.
What is a plasmid?
small circular piece of DNA
What is a mutation?
change in DNA sequence
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype: sets of genes in the genome
Phenotype: physical features
What is a gene? How are they regulated?
The basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
What is transduction? How does it occur?
The process of using bacteriophage to move pieces of chromosome from one bacterial cell to
another.
What is conjugation? How does it occur?
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What is genetics?
The study of heredity
What is genome?
The entire genetic complement of an organism
Includes its genes and nucleotide sequences
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Explains the flow of genetic information, from DNA->RNA->Protein
What is DNA?
deoxyribonucleic acid, carrier of genetic information.
What is RNA?
ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Act as a messenger carrying
instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins
What is a protein?
Polymer of amino acids
What are the building blocks of DNA, RNA, and proteins?
DNA and RNA: nucleotide
Proteins: amino acids
What is a nucleotide?
Consists of a sugar molecule attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base.
What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes?
Prokaryotic: singular circular chromosomes
Eukaryotic: one or two sets of linear chromosomes
, How does DNA replication occur?
5' to 3' direction
What is another name for the lagging strand?
Okazaki fragments
How does RNA replication occur?
The gene-start and gene-end signals are ignored and an exact complementary copy of the
genome is synthesized.
How does protein translation occur?
Takes place on the ribosome in the cell cytoplasm. mRNA is read and translated into the string of
amino acid chains that make up the synthesized protein.
What is a plasmid?
small circular piece of DNA
What is a mutation?
change in DNA sequence
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype: sets of genes in the genome
Phenotype: physical features
What is a gene? How are they regulated?
The basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
What is transduction? How does it occur?
The process of using bacteriophage to move pieces of chromosome from one bacterial cell to
another.
What is conjugation? How does it occur?
