NUR 221 EXAM 4 MIDTERM QUESTIONS
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS 2025.
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, disordered
thinking
negative symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer social withdrawal, poor judgment, poor self-
care
cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer inability to focus attention, learning and
memory difficulty
Criteria A symptoms for schizophrenia - Answer -present for 1 month
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
-presence of negative symptoms (social withdrawl)
-grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior
major objectives of schizophrenia drug therapy - Answer -suppression of acute episodes
-prevention of acute exacerbations
-maintenance of the highest possible level of functioning
schizophrenia non-medication therapy - Answer -counseling for patient and family
-behavioral therapy
-vocational training
dosing schizophrenia drug therapy - Answer -highly individualized
-older adults require smaller doses
-size and timing likely to be changed over course of therapy
treatment adherence - Answer -establish good therapeutic relationship with patient
-ensure medication is taken (develop plan)
-provide patient with instructions
, -medium potency
-high potency (Haldol)
First generation antipsychotic agents - Answer -block dopamine receptors
-can cause serious movement disorders
-extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
extrapyramidal symptoms - Answer -acute dystonia (severe spasms of muscles of tongure,
face)
-Parkinsonism (mask-like face, drooling, tremor, shuffling gait)
-tardive dyskinesia (twisting movements of tongue and face, lip-smacking)
other adverse effects of first generation antipsychotic symptoms - Answer -anticholinergic
effects
-orthostatic hypotension
-seizures
-sexual dysfunction
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - Answer -life threatening reaction to antipsychotic
medication
-most commonly occurs in first two weeks of therapy
-first symtoms: muscle cramps, tremors fever
-severe symptoms: rhabdomyolysis, hypertensive crisis, metabolic acidosis
treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Answer -early identification discontinue
antipsychotic
-muscle relaxants
-dopamine agonists such as pramipexole
The nurse monitors a patient taking an antipsychotic agent for tardive dyskinesia. The nurse
should observe the patient for which symptoms?
A. Pacing and squirming with an uncontrollable need for motion
B. Mask-like face with drooling, tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS 2025.
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, disordered
thinking
negative symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer social withdrawal, poor judgment, poor self-
care
cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia - Answer inability to focus attention, learning and
memory difficulty
Criteria A symptoms for schizophrenia - Answer -present for 1 month
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
-presence of negative symptoms (social withdrawl)
-grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior
major objectives of schizophrenia drug therapy - Answer -suppression of acute episodes
-prevention of acute exacerbations
-maintenance of the highest possible level of functioning
schizophrenia non-medication therapy - Answer -counseling for patient and family
-behavioral therapy
-vocational training
dosing schizophrenia drug therapy - Answer -highly individualized
-older adults require smaller doses
-size and timing likely to be changed over course of therapy
treatment adherence - Answer -establish good therapeutic relationship with patient
-ensure medication is taken (develop plan)
-provide patient with instructions
, -medium potency
-high potency (Haldol)
First generation antipsychotic agents - Answer -block dopamine receptors
-can cause serious movement disorders
-extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
extrapyramidal symptoms - Answer -acute dystonia (severe spasms of muscles of tongure,
face)
-Parkinsonism (mask-like face, drooling, tremor, shuffling gait)
-tardive dyskinesia (twisting movements of tongue and face, lip-smacking)
other adverse effects of first generation antipsychotic symptoms - Answer -anticholinergic
effects
-orthostatic hypotension
-seizures
-sexual dysfunction
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - Answer -life threatening reaction to antipsychotic
medication
-most commonly occurs in first two weeks of therapy
-first symtoms: muscle cramps, tremors fever
-severe symptoms: rhabdomyolysis, hypertensive crisis, metabolic acidosis
treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Answer -early identification discontinue
antipsychotic
-muscle relaxants
-dopamine agonists such as pramipexole
The nurse monitors a patient taking an antipsychotic agent for tardive dyskinesia. The nurse
should observe the patient for which symptoms?
A. Pacing and squirming with an uncontrollable need for motion
B. Mask-like face with drooling, tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
