WGU - Data Management Foundations
Exam ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Ad hoc query - CORRECT ANSWER A spur-of-the-moment question.
Analytical database - CORRECT ANSWER A database focused primarily on storing
historical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.
Centralized database - CORRECT ANSWER A database located at a single site.
Cloud database - CORRECT ANSWER A database that is created and maintained
using cloud services, such as Azure or AWS.
Data - CORRECT ANSWER Raw facts, or facts that have not yet been processed to
reveal their meaning to the end user.
Data anomaly - CORRECT ANSWER A data abnormality in which inconsistent
changes have been made to a database. For example, an employee moves, but the address
change is not corrected in all files in the database.
Data dependence - CORRECT ANSWER A data condition in which data representation
and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics.
Data dictionary - CORRECT ANSWER A DBMS component that stores metadata -
data about data. Thus, the data dictionary contains the data definition as well as their
characteristics and relationships. A data dictionary may also include data that are external to
the DBMS. Also known as an information resource dictionary.
Data inconsistency - CORRECT ANSWER A condition in which different versions of
the same data yield different results.
,Data independence - CORRECT ANSWER A condition in which data access is
unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics.
Data integrity - CORRECT ANSWER In a relational database, a condition in which
data in the database compiles with all entity and referential integrity constraints.
Data management - CORRECT ANSWER A process that focuses on data collection,
storage, and retrieval. Common data management functions include addition, deletion,
modification, and listing.
Database system - CORRECT ANSWER An organization of components that defines
and regulates the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment.
Desktop database - CORRECT ANSWER A single-user database that runs on a
personal computer.
Field - CORRECT ANSWER An alphabetic or numeric character or group of
characters that defines a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. For example, a person's
Social Security number, address, phone number, and bank balance are all constitute fields.
File - CORRECT ANSWER A named collection of related records.
General-purpose databases - CORRECT ANSWER A database that contains a wide
variety of data used in multiple disciplines.
Hub - CORRECT ANSWER A warehouse of data packets housed in a central location
on a local area network. It contains multiple ports that copy the data in the data packets to
make it accessible to selected or all segments of the network.
Information - CORRECT ANSWER The result of processing raw data to reveal its
meaning. Information consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making.
, Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER The body of information and facts about a specific
subject. Knowledge implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it
applies to an environment. A key characteristic is that new knowledge can be derived from
old knowledge.
Online analytical processing (OLAP) - CORRECT ANSWER Decision support system
(DSS) tools that use multidimensional data analysis techniques. OLAP creates an advanced
data analysis environment that supports decision making, business modeling, and operations
research.
Operational database - CORRECT ANSWER A database designed to primarily support
a company's day-to-day operations. Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database,
or production database.
Record - CORRECT ANSWER A collection of related (logically connected) fields.
Semistructured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that has already been processed to
some extent.
Structural dependence - CORRECT ANSWER A data characteristic in which a change
in the database schema affects data access, thus requiring changes in all access programs.
Structural independence - CORRECT ANSWER A data characteristic in which
changes in the database schema do not affect data access.
Structured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that has been formatted to facilitate
storage, use, and information generation.
Unstructured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that exists in its original, raw state; that
is, in the format in which it was collected.
Exam ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Ad hoc query - CORRECT ANSWER A spur-of-the-moment question.
Analytical database - CORRECT ANSWER A database focused primarily on storing
historical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.
Centralized database - CORRECT ANSWER A database located at a single site.
Cloud database - CORRECT ANSWER A database that is created and maintained
using cloud services, such as Azure or AWS.
Data - CORRECT ANSWER Raw facts, or facts that have not yet been processed to
reveal their meaning to the end user.
Data anomaly - CORRECT ANSWER A data abnormality in which inconsistent
changes have been made to a database. For example, an employee moves, but the address
change is not corrected in all files in the database.
Data dependence - CORRECT ANSWER A data condition in which data representation
and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics.
Data dictionary - CORRECT ANSWER A DBMS component that stores metadata -
data about data. Thus, the data dictionary contains the data definition as well as their
characteristics and relationships. A data dictionary may also include data that are external to
the DBMS. Also known as an information resource dictionary.
Data inconsistency - CORRECT ANSWER A condition in which different versions of
the same data yield different results.
,Data independence - CORRECT ANSWER A condition in which data access is
unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics.
Data integrity - CORRECT ANSWER In a relational database, a condition in which
data in the database compiles with all entity and referential integrity constraints.
Data management - CORRECT ANSWER A process that focuses on data collection,
storage, and retrieval. Common data management functions include addition, deletion,
modification, and listing.
Database system - CORRECT ANSWER An organization of components that defines
and regulates the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment.
Desktop database - CORRECT ANSWER A single-user database that runs on a
personal computer.
Field - CORRECT ANSWER An alphabetic or numeric character or group of
characters that defines a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. For example, a person's
Social Security number, address, phone number, and bank balance are all constitute fields.
File - CORRECT ANSWER A named collection of related records.
General-purpose databases - CORRECT ANSWER A database that contains a wide
variety of data used in multiple disciplines.
Hub - CORRECT ANSWER A warehouse of data packets housed in a central location
on a local area network. It contains multiple ports that copy the data in the data packets to
make it accessible to selected or all segments of the network.
Information - CORRECT ANSWER The result of processing raw data to reveal its
meaning. Information consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making.
, Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER The body of information and facts about a specific
subject. Knowledge implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it
applies to an environment. A key characteristic is that new knowledge can be derived from
old knowledge.
Online analytical processing (OLAP) - CORRECT ANSWER Decision support system
(DSS) tools that use multidimensional data analysis techniques. OLAP creates an advanced
data analysis environment that supports decision making, business modeling, and operations
research.
Operational database - CORRECT ANSWER A database designed to primarily support
a company's day-to-day operations. Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database,
or production database.
Record - CORRECT ANSWER A collection of related (logically connected) fields.
Semistructured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that has already been processed to
some extent.
Structural dependence - CORRECT ANSWER A data characteristic in which a change
in the database schema affects data access, thus requiring changes in all access programs.
Structural independence - CORRECT ANSWER A data characteristic in which
changes in the database schema do not affect data access.
Structured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that has been formatted to facilitate
storage, use, and information generation.
Unstructured data - CORRECT ANSWER Data that exists in its original, raw state; that
is, in the format in which it was collected.
