PORTAGE BIOD 101 MODULE 4 EXAM PORTAGE LEARNING
-dependent kinases (Cdks)
- answers-depend on presence of cyclins to become active or inactive
# of hydrogen bonds between A and T
- answers-two
# of hydrogen bonds between C and G
- answers-three
Alleles
- answers-Different versions of the same gene. ex: eye color and blood type
Anaphase I
- answers-Difference is sister chromatids remain attached at centromere. Chromatid
pair is getting pulled toward its centrosome pole.
anchorage dependence
- answers-The requirement that to divide, a cell must be attached to a solid surface.
antiparallel arrangement
- answers-one side of the helix runs in the opposite (5'-3') direction of the other (3'-5)
aster
- answers-Radial microtubule proteins extending from each centrosome
autosomes
- answers-all chromosomes except sex chromosomes
benign tumor
- answers-An abnormal mass of cells that have not developed the ability to spread to
other areas of the body
Cell cycle
- answers-Process of parent cell replicating its genetic info and dividing into 2 new
daughter cells
Cell cycle control system
- answers-molecular surveillance mechanisms that can halt the cell cycle or allow it to
proceed
, centriole
- answers-short cylindrical protein filaments made of tubulin. Plays role in formation of
mitotic spindle.
centrosome
- answers-region that organizes microtubules for cell division
CFTR gene
- answers-a gene that codes for a protein involved in chloride and water transport
across membranes. In patients with cystic fibrosis, a mutation in this gene disrupts
chloride and water transport across membranes. The end result is production of thick
and sticky mucus that obstructs the airways in the lungs and the ducts in the pancreas.
Characteristics of anaphase
- answers-1. Separation of sister chromatids
2. movement of separated chromatids toward centrosome poles
3. elongation of cell
Characteristics of metaphase
- answers-1. polarization of centrosomes
2. chromosome alignment along equatorial line of cell
3. kinetochore attachment
Characteristics of Prometaphase
- answers-1. Continued chromatin condensation
2. Changes to nuclear envelope
3. reorganization and changes to mitotic spindle
Characteristics of Prophase
- answers-1. Condensation of chromatin fibers
2. Centrosome movement
3. Formation of mitotic spindle
4. Breakdown of nucleolus
Characteristics of telophase
- answers-1. reformation of nuclei, some organelles, and nuceoli
2. decondensing of chromosomes
3. dissolution of spindle microtubules
4. mitotic phase completion
5. Cytokinesis
Checkpoints
- answers-places along the cycle where processes are halted and mechanisms are
deployed to ensure cell is ready to proceed to next phase
-dependent kinases (Cdks)
- answers-depend on presence of cyclins to become active or inactive
# of hydrogen bonds between A and T
- answers-two
# of hydrogen bonds between C and G
- answers-three
Alleles
- answers-Different versions of the same gene. ex: eye color and blood type
Anaphase I
- answers-Difference is sister chromatids remain attached at centromere. Chromatid
pair is getting pulled toward its centrosome pole.
anchorage dependence
- answers-The requirement that to divide, a cell must be attached to a solid surface.
antiparallel arrangement
- answers-one side of the helix runs in the opposite (5'-3') direction of the other (3'-5)
aster
- answers-Radial microtubule proteins extending from each centrosome
autosomes
- answers-all chromosomes except sex chromosomes
benign tumor
- answers-An abnormal mass of cells that have not developed the ability to spread to
other areas of the body
Cell cycle
- answers-Process of parent cell replicating its genetic info and dividing into 2 new
daughter cells
Cell cycle control system
- answers-molecular surveillance mechanisms that can halt the cell cycle or allow it to
proceed
, centriole
- answers-short cylindrical protein filaments made of tubulin. Plays role in formation of
mitotic spindle.
centrosome
- answers-region that organizes microtubules for cell division
CFTR gene
- answers-a gene that codes for a protein involved in chloride and water transport
across membranes. In patients with cystic fibrosis, a mutation in this gene disrupts
chloride and water transport across membranes. The end result is production of thick
and sticky mucus that obstructs the airways in the lungs and the ducts in the pancreas.
Characteristics of anaphase
- answers-1. Separation of sister chromatids
2. movement of separated chromatids toward centrosome poles
3. elongation of cell
Characteristics of metaphase
- answers-1. polarization of centrosomes
2. chromosome alignment along equatorial line of cell
3. kinetochore attachment
Characteristics of Prometaphase
- answers-1. Continued chromatin condensation
2. Changes to nuclear envelope
3. reorganization and changes to mitotic spindle
Characteristics of Prophase
- answers-1. Condensation of chromatin fibers
2. Centrosome movement
3. Formation of mitotic spindle
4. Breakdown of nucleolus
Characteristics of telophase
- answers-1. reformation of nuclei, some organelles, and nuceoli
2. decondensing of chromosomes
3. dissolution of spindle microtubules
4. mitotic phase completion
5. Cytokinesis
Checkpoints
- answers-places along the cycle where processes are halted and mechanisms are
deployed to ensure cell is ready to proceed to next phase
