Exam 1 PNR 207 Questions and Answers Solved Correctly
Impaired elimination - Answers Difficulty in removing waste products from the body, leading to
conditions like constipation or urinary retention.
UTI - Answers Urinary Tract Infection, an infection in any part of the urinary system, such as the kidneys,
bladder, or urethra.
Chronic kidney disease - Answers Progressive loss of kidney function over time, often leading to the
need for dialysis or kidney transplant.
Dialysis - Answers A medical procedure to remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood
when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function.
Constipation - Answers Difficulty in passing stools, often associated with hardened feces.
Stroke - Answers A sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain, causing brain cells to die.
Surgical patients - Answers Individuals who have undergone a surgical procedure, often requiring post-
operative care and monitoring.
Peristalsis - Answers The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or
another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
Enemas - Answers A procedure used to introduce a liquid into the rectum and colon via the anus, often
to relieve constipation or to administer medication or barium.
Retention Enema - Answers An enema containing a substance, such as mineral oil, that softens stool as it
is absorbed and is retained in the colon for a specific period to facilitate bowel movement.
Cleansing Enema - Answers An enema containing substances, such as soapsuds, tap water, or saline,
that stimulate peristalsis through distention and irritation of the colon and rectum.
Distention reduction enema - Answers An enema containing carminative substances, such as magnesium
sulfate and glycerin, to relieve discomfort from flatus causing distention.
Medicated Enema - Answers An enema containing drugs, such as sodium polystyrene or neomycin, to
reduce bacteria or remove potassium from the body.
Disposable enema - Answers A pre-packaged enema, such as sodium phosphate (fleet), used to
stimulate peristalsis by acting as an irritant.
Immobilization - Answers The act of rendering someone or something immobile or making them
incapable of movement.
ROM - Answers Range of Motion exercises, aimed at preventing muscle contractions and promoting
venous blood circulation.
, Skin protection - Answers Measures taken to prevent skin breakdown, such as rotating the patient's
position every 2 hours, using skin barriers, and protecting bony areas.
Muscle atrophy - Answers A decrease in muscle mass due to immobility or lack of use.
Pneumonia - Answers An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with
fluid or pus.
Osteoporosis - Answers A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.
Obese patient care - Answers Special considerations and precautions to be taken when caring for an
obese individual, such as using mechanical lifts and friction-reducing sheets.
Dentures - Answers Artificial replacement for one or more natural teeth and adjacent tissues.
Incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of control over urination or defecation.
Urgency incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of urine in response to a strong sensation of need to
empty the bladder.
Stress incontinence - Answers Urethral sphincter failure associated with increased intra-abdominal
pressure, as occurs with sneezing, laughing, coughing, and aerobic exercise.
Mixed incontinence - Answers A combination of different types of incontinence, such as stress and
urgency incontinence.
Overflow incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of urine due to poor contractility of the bladder
muscle and obstruction of the urethra.
Functional incontinence - Answers Incontinence caused by cognitive inability to recognize the urge to
urinate or physical impairment.
Nocturnal enuresis - Answers Involuntary loss of urine at night, often due to overactive bladder,
medication, or sleep apnea.
Pressure injury risks - Answers Factors that increase the risk of developing pressure injuries, such as
immobility, inactivity, moisture, malnutrition, and advanced age.
Reactive hyperemia - Answers The process in which blood rushes to a place where there was a decrease
in circulation.
Maceration - Answers Softening of tissue that increases the chance of trauma or infection.
Diaphoresis - Answers Excessive sweating, often as a symptom of various medical conditions.
ROM exercises - Answers Range of Motion exercises designed to strengthen muscles and joints, prevent
contractures, and promote circulation.
Impaired elimination - Answers Difficulty in removing waste products from the body, leading to
conditions like constipation or urinary retention.
UTI - Answers Urinary Tract Infection, an infection in any part of the urinary system, such as the kidneys,
bladder, or urethra.
Chronic kidney disease - Answers Progressive loss of kidney function over time, often leading to the
need for dialysis or kidney transplant.
Dialysis - Answers A medical procedure to remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood
when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function.
Constipation - Answers Difficulty in passing stools, often associated with hardened feces.
Stroke - Answers A sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain, causing brain cells to die.
Surgical patients - Answers Individuals who have undergone a surgical procedure, often requiring post-
operative care and monitoring.
Peristalsis - Answers The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or
another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
Enemas - Answers A procedure used to introduce a liquid into the rectum and colon via the anus, often
to relieve constipation or to administer medication or barium.
Retention Enema - Answers An enema containing a substance, such as mineral oil, that softens stool as it
is absorbed and is retained in the colon for a specific period to facilitate bowel movement.
Cleansing Enema - Answers An enema containing substances, such as soapsuds, tap water, or saline,
that stimulate peristalsis through distention and irritation of the colon and rectum.
Distention reduction enema - Answers An enema containing carminative substances, such as magnesium
sulfate and glycerin, to relieve discomfort from flatus causing distention.
Medicated Enema - Answers An enema containing drugs, such as sodium polystyrene or neomycin, to
reduce bacteria or remove potassium from the body.
Disposable enema - Answers A pre-packaged enema, such as sodium phosphate (fleet), used to
stimulate peristalsis by acting as an irritant.
Immobilization - Answers The act of rendering someone or something immobile or making them
incapable of movement.
ROM - Answers Range of Motion exercises, aimed at preventing muscle contractions and promoting
venous blood circulation.
, Skin protection - Answers Measures taken to prevent skin breakdown, such as rotating the patient's
position every 2 hours, using skin barriers, and protecting bony areas.
Muscle atrophy - Answers A decrease in muscle mass due to immobility or lack of use.
Pneumonia - Answers An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with
fluid or pus.
Osteoporosis - Answers A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.
Obese patient care - Answers Special considerations and precautions to be taken when caring for an
obese individual, such as using mechanical lifts and friction-reducing sheets.
Dentures - Answers Artificial replacement for one or more natural teeth and adjacent tissues.
Incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of control over urination or defecation.
Urgency incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of urine in response to a strong sensation of need to
empty the bladder.
Stress incontinence - Answers Urethral sphincter failure associated with increased intra-abdominal
pressure, as occurs with sneezing, laughing, coughing, and aerobic exercise.
Mixed incontinence - Answers A combination of different types of incontinence, such as stress and
urgency incontinence.
Overflow incontinence - Answers Involuntary loss of urine due to poor contractility of the bladder
muscle and obstruction of the urethra.
Functional incontinence - Answers Incontinence caused by cognitive inability to recognize the urge to
urinate or physical impairment.
Nocturnal enuresis - Answers Involuntary loss of urine at night, often due to overactive bladder,
medication, or sleep apnea.
Pressure injury risks - Answers Factors that increase the risk of developing pressure injuries, such as
immobility, inactivity, moisture, malnutrition, and advanced age.
Reactive hyperemia - Answers The process in which blood rushes to a place where there was a decrease
in circulation.
Maceration - Answers Softening of tissue that increases the chance of trauma or infection.
Diaphoresis - Answers Excessive sweating, often as a symptom of various medical conditions.
ROM exercises - Answers Range of Motion exercises designed to strengthen muscles and joints, prevent
contractures, and promote circulation.
