COMPLETE SOLUTION LEHNINGER OF BIOCHEMISTRY 7TH
EDITION QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1.element - ANSWER A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical
means, and is made up of atoms all with identical number of protons.
2.organic compound - ANSWER Carbon compound made by living things
3.polar molecule - ANSWER a molecule that has an unequal distribution of charge
4.hydrogen bond - ANSWER Bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to
a slightly negative portion of another molecule (the bond between two water molecules)
5.Cohesion - ANSWER Attraction between molecules of the same substance
6.Adhesion - ANSWER An attraction between molecules of different substances
7.macromolecule/polymer - ANSWER A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller
molecules
8.monomer - ANSWER A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
9.carbohydrates - ANSWER Composed of CHO in 1:2:1 ratio. Source of quick energy in your diet (sugars
and starches)
10.monosaccharide - ANSWER monomer for carbohydrates
11.protein - ANSWER Amino acids joined by peptide bonds which make up structures and carry out
functions of an organism.
Ex: hemoglobin (carries oxygen)
,12.amino acid - ANSWER Building blocks (monomers) of protein
13.peptide bond - ANSWER The bond that holds amino acids together to make a protein
14.nucleic acids - ANSWER contain genetic information (RNA and DNA)
15.nucleotide - ANSWER A monomer of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and
a nitrogenous base.
16.Lipid - ANSWER Stores energy, insulation, cell membrane
Fats, oils, waxes
17.glycerol and 3 fatty acids - ANSWER Monomer for lipids
18.chemical reaction - ANSWER A change in which one or more substances are converted into new
substances
19.reactant - ANSWER A starting material in a chemical reaction
20.product - ANSWER An ending material in a chemical reaction.
21.dehydration synthesis - ANSWER A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each
other with the removal of a water molecule.
22.hydrolysis - ANSWER Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
23.catalyst - ANSWER a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being
affected
,24.enzyme - ANSWER A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing (a biological
catalyst)
25.activation energy - ANSWER Energy needed to get a reaction started
26.substrate - ANSWER A substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction.
27.active site - ANSWER The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
28.Adhesion - ANSWER The property of water that allows it to "stick" to other substances
29.Cohesion - ANSWER the property of water responsible for water's ability to stick to other water
molecules
30.Universal Solvent - ANSWER used to describe water because it dissolves many substances
31.Solute - ANSWER This gets dissolved into a solvent
32.Solvent - ANSWER This dissolves substances
33.Capillary action - ANSWER Water moving against gravity due to adhesion and cohesion
34.Isomer - ANSWER Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
CHO - ANSWER The elements found in carbohydrates and lipids
CHON - ANSWER The elements found in protein
CHONP - ANSWER The elements found in nucleic acids
, Saturated fats - ANSWER have the maximum number of hydrogens (solid at room temps, ex: butter)
Unsaturated fats - ANSWER does not have the maximum number of hydrogens (liquid at room temps, ex:
vegetable oil)
Lipid diagram - ANSWER
Protein Diagram - ANSWER
Nucleic Acid Diagram - ANSWER
Carbohydrate diagram - ANSWER
Base - ANSWER pH greater than 7
Acid - ANSWER pH lower than 7
1.Histones are _________ Charged and are rich in _________ Amino Acids - ANSWER - Positively
- *Lysine* and *Arginine* "*LA*"
2. DNA Methylation occurs on which Nucleotides? - ANSWER *Cytosine* and *Adenine*
3. Cytosine is _________ and turned to Uracil - ANSWER *Deaminated*
*Cytosine → Uracil*
4.Add ________ to Uracil to form _________ - ANSWER Methyl Group
Thymine
*Uracil → Thymine*
EDITION QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1.element - ANSWER A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical
means, and is made up of atoms all with identical number of protons.
2.organic compound - ANSWER Carbon compound made by living things
3.polar molecule - ANSWER a molecule that has an unequal distribution of charge
4.hydrogen bond - ANSWER Bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to
a slightly negative portion of another molecule (the bond between two water molecules)
5.Cohesion - ANSWER Attraction between molecules of the same substance
6.Adhesion - ANSWER An attraction between molecules of different substances
7.macromolecule/polymer - ANSWER A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller
molecules
8.monomer - ANSWER A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
9.carbohydrates - ANSWER Composed of CHO in 1:2:1 ratio. Source of quick energy in your diet (sugars
and starches)
10.monosaccharide - ANSWER monomer for carbohydrates
11.protein - ANSWER Amino acids joined by peptide bonds which make up structures and carry out
functions of an organism.
Ex: hemoglobin (carries oxygen)
,12.amino acid - ANSWER Building blocks (monomers) of protein
13.peptide bond - ANSWER The bond that holds amino acids together to make a protein
14.nucleic acids - ANSWER contain genetic information (RNA and DNA)
15.nucleotide - ANSWER A monomer of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and
a nitrogenous base.
16.Lipid - ANSWER Stores energy, insulation, cell membrane
Fats, oils, waxes
17.glycerol and 3 fatty acids - ANSWER Monomer for lipids
18.chemical reaction - ANSWER A change in which one or more substances are converted into new
substances
19.reactant - ANSWER A starting material in a chemical reaction
20.product - ANSWER An ending material in a chemical reaction.
21.dehydration synthesis - ANSWER A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each
other with the removal of a water molecule.
22.hydrolysis - ANSWER Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
23.catalyst - ANSWER a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being
affected
,24.enzyme - ANSWER A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing (a biological
catalyst)
25.activation energy - ANSWER Energy needed to get a reaction started
26.substrate - ANSWER A substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction.
27.active site - ANSWER The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
28.Adhesion - ANSWER The property of water that allows it to "stick" to other substances
29.Cohesion - ANSWER the property of water responsible for water's ability to stick to other water
molecules
30.Universal Solvent - ANSWER used to describe water because it dissolves many substances
31.Solute - ANSWER This gets dissolved into a solvent
32.Solvent - ANSWER This dissolves substances
33.Capillary action - ANSWER Water moving against gravity due to adhesion and cohesion
34.Isomer - ANSWER Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
CHO - ANSWER The elements found in carbohydrates and lipids
CHON - ANSWER The elements found in protein
CHONP - ANSWER The elements found in nucleic acids
, Saturated fats - ANSWER have the maximum number of hydrogens (solid at room temps, ex: butter)
Unsaturated fats - ANSWER does not have the maximum number of hydrogens (liquid at room temps, ex:
vegetable oil)
Lipid diagram - ANSWER
Protein Diagram - ANSWER
Nucleic Acid Diagram - ANSWER
Carbohydrate diagram - ANSWER
Base - ANSWER pH greater than 7
Acid - ANSWER pH lower than 7
1.Histones are _________ Charged and are rich in _________ Amino Acids - ANSWER - Positively
- *Lysine* and *Arginine* "*LA*"
2. DNA Methylation occurs on which Nucleotides? - ANSWER *Cytosine* and *Adenine*
3. Cytosine is _________ and turned to Uracil - ANSWER *Deaminated*
*Cytosine → Uracil*
4.Add ________ to Uracil to form _________ - ANSWER Methyl Group
Thymine
*Uracil → Thymine*
