PEDS! Exam 2 !! Study Guide for Nursing
A 1-year-old child is being prepared for a cardiac catheterization procedure. Which of the following findings
about the child might delay the procedure?
1. 30th percentile for weight.
2. Severe diaper rash.
3. Allergy to soy.
4. Oxygen saturation of 91% on room air. - ans2 - potential for infection
A 10-month-old infant who was seen in the Emergency Department for respiratory distress is admitted to the
pediatric unit with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Which of these, if assessed in the infant, alerts the healthcare
provider the bronchiolitis is worsening?
a. Head bobbing
b. Inspiratory stridor
c. Drooling
d. Pleuritic chest pain - ansa.
A 10-year-old has undergone a cardiac catheterization. At the end of the procedure, the nurse should first
assess:
1. Pain.
2. Pulses.
3. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
4. Catheterization report. - ans2.
A 10yo child with asthma treated for acute exacerbation in the ED. The nurse caring for the child should
,monitor for which sign, knowing that it indicates worsening of the condition?
1. Warm, dry skin
2. Decreased wheezing
3. Pulse rate of 90 beats per min
4. Respiration of 18 breaths per min - ans2. it may signal an inability to move air.
a silent chest can indicate severe bronchial spasm or obstruction.
A 16mo child diagnosed with KD is very irritable, refuses to eat, and exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet.
Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
1. Applying lotion to the hands and feet
2. Offering foods the toddler likes
3. Placing the toddler in a quiet environment
4. Encouraging the parents to get some rest - ans3
A 2-month-old is being treated with furosemide for CHF. Which of the following plans would also be
appropriate in helping to control the CHF?
1. Promoting fluid restriction.
2. Feeding a low-salt formula.
3. Feeding in semi-Fowler position.
4. Encouraging breast milk. - ans3.
A 2-month-old is diagnosed with otitis. The parent asks the nurse if the otitis will have any long-term effects for
the child. Understanding the complications that can occur with otitis, which is the nurse's best response?
1. "The child could suffer hearing loss."
2. "The child could suffer some speech delays."
3. "The child could suffer recurrent ear infections."
4. "The child could require ear tubes." - ans3. When children acquire an ear infection at such a young age, there
,is an increased risk of recurrent infections.
A 2-month-old with TOF is seen in your clinic for a check-up. During the examination, the child develops severe
respiratory distress and becomes cyanotic. The nurse's first action should be to:
1. Lay the child flat to promote hemostasis.
2. Lay the child flat with legs elevated to increase blood flow to the heart.
3. Sit the child on the parent's lap, with legs dangling, to promote venous pooling.
4. Hold the child in knee-chest position to decrease venous blood return. - ans4.
A 2-year-old child is brought to the ER with a high fever, dysphagia, drooling, rapid pulse, and tachypnea. What
should the nurse's first action be?
1. Prepare for immediate IV placement.
2. Prepare for immediate respiratory treatment.
3. Place the child on a stretcher for a thorough physical assessment.
4. Allow the child to sit in the parent's lap while awaiting an x-ray. - ans4. This child is exhibiting signs and
symptoms of epiglottitis and should be kept as comfortable as possible. The child should be allowed to remain
in the parent's lap until a lateral neck film is obtained for a definitive diagnosis.
A 2-year-old has just been diagnosed with CF. The parents ask the nurse what early respiratory symptoms they
should expect to see in their child. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You can expect your child to develop a barrel-shaped chest."
2. "You can expect your child to develop a chronic productive cough."
3. "You can expect your child to develop bronchiectasis."
4. "You can expect your child to develop wheezing respirations." - ans4. Wheezing respirations and a dry
nonproductive cough are common early symptoms in CF.
A 2-year-old is admitted to the hospital in respiratory distress. The physician tells the parents that the child
probably has RSV. The parents ask the nurse how they will determine if their child has RSV. Which is the nurse's
best response?
1. "We will need to do a simple blood test to determine whether your child has RSV."
, 2. "There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is made based on the child's symptoms."
3. "We will swab your child's nose and send those secretions for testing."
4. "We will have to send a viral culture to an outside lab for testing." - ans3. The child is swabbed for nasal
secretions. The secretions are tested to determine if a child has RSV.
A 2-year-old is admitted to the hospital with croup. The parent tells the nurse that her 7-year-old just had
croup and it cleared up in a couple of days without intervention. She asks the nurse why her 2-year-old is
exhibiting worse symptoms and needs to be hospitalized. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Some children just react differently to viruses. It is best to treat each child as an individual."
2. "Younger children have wider airways that make it easier for bacteria to enter and colonize."
3. "Younger children have short and wide eustachian tubes, making them more susceptible to respiratory
infections."
4. "Children younger than 3 years usually exhibit worse symptoms because their immune systems are not as
developed." - ans4. Younger children have less developed immune systems and usually exhibit worse
symptoms than older children.
A 2-year-old is brought to the emergency department for fever and ear pain. The parents note the child has
had many ear infections and that polyethylene tubes have been recommended, but the parents cannot afford
surgery. The child is diagnosed with bilateral otitis media. The toddler is carrying a baby bottle full of juice, and
a parent is carrying a pack of cigarettes. What one preventive measure could be taught the parents to decrease
the incidence of ear infections?
1. Wean the toddler from the bottle.
2. Give the toddler a decongestant before bedtime.
3. Encourage the parent to smoke outside the house.
4. Have the child's hearing checked. - ans1
A 2-year-old is diagnosed with asthma. The parents are big sports fans and want their child to play sports. The
parents ask the nurse what impact asthma will have on the child's future in sports. Which is the nurse's best
response?
1. "As long as your child takes prescribed asthma medication, the child will be fine."
2. "The earlier a child is diagnosed with asthma, the more significant the symptoms."
A 1-year-old child is being prepared for a cardiac catheterization procedure. Which of the following findings
about the child might delay the procedure?
1. 30th percentile for weight.
2. Severe diaper rash.
3. Allergy to soy.
4. Oxygen saturation of 91% on room air. - ans2 - potential for infection
A 10-month-old infant who was seen in the Emergency Department for respiratory distress is admitted to the
pediatric unit with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Which of these, if assessed in the infant, alerts the healthcare
provider the bronchiolitis is worsening?
a. Head bobbing
b. Inspiratory stridor
c. Drooling
d. Pleuritic chest pain - ansa.
A 10-year-old has undergone a cardiac catheterization. At the end of the procedure, the nurse should first
assess:
1. Pain.
2. Pulses.
3. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
4. Catheterization report. - ans2.
A 10yo child with asthma treated for acute exacerbation in the ED. The nurse caring for the child should
,monitor for which sign, knowing that it indicates worsening of the condition?
1. Warm, dry skin
2. Decreased wheezing
3. Pulse rate of 90 beats per min
4. Respiration of 18 breaths per min - ans2. it may signal an inability to move air.
a silent chest can indicate severe bronchial spasm or obstruction.
A 16mo child diagnosed with KD is very irritable, refuses to eat, and exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet.
Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority?
1. Applying lotion to the hands and feet
2. Offering foods the toddler likes
3. Placing the toddler in a quiet environment
4. Encouraging the parents to get some rest - ans3
A 2-month-old is being treated with furosemide for CHF. Which of the following plans would also be
appropriate in helping to control the CHF?
1. Promoting fluid restriction.
2. Feeding a low-salt formula.
3. Feeding in semi-Fowler position.
4. Encouraging breast milk. - ans3.
A 2-month-old is diagnosed with otitis. The parent asks the nurse if the otitis will have any long-term effects for
the child. Understanding the complications that can occur with otitis, which is the nurse's best response?
1. "The child could suffer hearing loss."
2. "The child could suffer some speech delays."
3. "The child could suffer recurrent ear infections."
4. "The child could require ear tubes." - ans3. When children acquire an ear infection at such a young age, there
,is an increased risk of recurrent infections.
A 2-month-old with TOF is seen in your clinic for a check-up. During the examination, the child develops severe
respiratory distress and becomes cyanotic. The nurse's first action should be to:
1. Lay the child flat to promote hemostasis.
2. Lay the child flat with legs elevated to increase blood flow to the heart.
3. Sit the child on the parent's lap, with legs dangling, to promote venous pooling.
4. Hold the child in knee-chest position to decrease venous blood return. - ans4.
A 2-year-old child is brought to the ER with a high fever, dysphagia, drooling, rapid pulse, and tachypnea. What
should the nurse's first action be?
1. Prepare for immediate IV placement.
2. Prepare for immediate respiratory treatment.
3. Place the child on a stretcher for a thorough physical assessment.
4. Allow the child to sit in the parent's lap while awaiting an x-ray. - ans4. This child is exhibiting signs and
symptoms of epiglottitis and should be kept as comfortable as possible. The child should be allowed to remain
in the parent's lap until a lateral neck film is obtained for a definitive diagnosis.
A 2-year-old has just been diagnosed with CF. The parents ask the nurse what early respiratory symptoms they
should expect to see in their child. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You can expect your child to develop a barrel-shaped chest."
2. "You can expect your child to develop a chronic productive cough."
3. "You can expect your child to develop bronchiectasis."
4. "You can expect your child to develop wheezing respirations." - ans4. Wheezing respirations and a dry
nonproductive cough are common early symptoms in CF.
A 2-year-old is admitted to the hospital in respiratory distress. The physician tells the parents that the child
probably has RSV. The parents ask the nurse how they will determine if their child has RSV. Which is the nurse's
best response?
1. "We will need to do a simple blood test to determine whether your child has RSV."
, 2. "There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is made based on the child's symptoms."
3. "We will swab your child's nose and send those secretions for testing."
4. "We will have to send a viral culture to an outside lab for testing." - ans3. The child is swabbed for nasal
secretions. The secretions are tested to determine if a child has RSV.
A 2-year-old is admitted to the hospital with croup. The parent tells the nurse that her 7-year-old just had
croup and it cleared up in a couple of days without intervention. She asks the nurse why her 2-year-old is
exhibiting worse symptoms and needs to be hospitalized. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Some children just react differently to viruses. It is best to treat each child as an individual."
2. "Younger children have wider airways that make it easier for bacteria to enter and colonize."
3. "Younger children have short and wide eustachian tubes, making them more susceptible to respiratory
infections."
4. "Children younger than 3 years usually exhibit worse symptoms because their immune systems are not as
developed." - ans4. Younger children have less developed immune systems and usually exhibit worse
symptoms than older children.
A 2-year-old is brought to the emergency department for fever and ear pain. The parents note the child has
had many ear infections and that polyethylene tubes have been recommended, but the parents cannot afford
surgery. The child is diagnosed with bilateral otitis media. The toddler is carrying a baby bottle full of juice, and
a parent is carrying a pack of cigarettes. What one preventive measure could be taught the parents to decrease
the incidence of ear infections?
1. Wean the toddler from the bottle.
2. Give the toddler a decongestant before bedtime.
3. Encourage the parent to smoke outside the house.
4. Have the child's hearing checked. - ans1
A 2-year-old is diagnosed with asthma. The parents are big sports fans and want their child to play sports. The
parents ask the nurse what impact asthma will have on the child's future in sports. Which is the nurse's best
response?
1. "As long as your child takes prescribed asthma medication, the child will be fine."
2. "The earlier a child is diagnosed with asthma, the more significant the symptoms."
