MICR 290 (Week 2) Exam Questions with Correct Answers| Latest Update
Guaranteed Success
Antiphagocytic factors factors that allow for microbe to escape immune system surveillance
Virulence degree of pathogenicity
Pathogenicity ability of a microorganism to cause disease
Pathogenesis beginning of the disease process
Septicemia Any microbial infection of the blood that produces illness
Septicemia (signs & symptoms) Usually diagnostic
-Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and malaise
-*Septic shock* can develop rapidly
>Small hemorrhagic lesions called petechiae can develop
-*Osteomyelitis* occurs if bacteria invade the bones
-Toxemia symptoms vary depending on the toxin
>*Exotoxins*: released from living microorganisms
,>*Endotoxin*: released from Gram-negative bacteria
Septicemia (treated) with prompt diagnosis
&
administration of antimicrobial drugs
Septicemia (Prevention) includes immediate treatment of infections
-Important in individuals with compromised immune systems
Bacteremia Bacterial septicemia
Toxemia Release of bacterial toxins into the blood
Lymphangitis Infection and inflammation of the lymphatic vessels
Septicemia (caused) Caused by various bacteria
-Septicemia is due to *direct inoculation* of bacteria into the blood
-Immunocompetent individuals *rarely* have septicemia
>Bacterial infections self-limited in these people
,-Gram-negative bacteria more often produce severe septicemia
>Due to release of endotoxin as the bacteria die
+Activates various defensive reactions by the body
-Often result from *opportunisitc* or *healthcare associated* infections
Toxemia (casued) Caused by various bacteria
Bacteria that produce a capsule may... resist phagocytosis
Toxins (Exotoxins) Exotoxins include several types of protein toxins and enzymes produced
and/or secreted from pathogenic bacteria.
Major categories include:
-Cytotoxins
-Neurotoxins
-Enterotoxins
Exotoxins (source) Mainly *gram-positive* & *gram-negative* bacteria
Exotoxins (Relation to Bacteria) Metabolic product secreted from living cell
, Exotoxins (Chemical Nature) Protein
or
short peptide
Exotoxins (Toxicity) High
Exotoxins (Heat Stability) Typically unstable at temps above 60 C
Exotoxins (Effect on Host) Variable
depending on sourec
maybe
-cytotoxin
-neurotoxin
-enterotoxin
Exotoxins (Fever Producing?) No
Exotoxins (Antigenicity) Strong;
stimulates antitoxin (antibody) production
Guaranteed Success
Antiphagocytic factors factors that allow for microbe to escape immune system surveillance
Virulence degree of pathogenicity
Pathogenicity ability of a microorganism to cause disease
Pathogenesis beginning of the disease process
Septicemia Any microbial infection of the blood that produces illness
Septicemia (signs & symptoms) Usually diagnostic
-Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and malaise
-*Septic shock* can develop rapidly
>Small hemorrhagic lesions called petechiae can develop
-*Osteomyelitis* occurs if bacteria invade the bones
-Toxemia symptoms vary depending on the toxin
>*Exotoxins*: released from living microorganisms
,>*Endotoxin*: released from Gram-negative bacteria
Septicemia (treated) with prompt diagnosis
&
administration of antimicrobial drugs
Septicemia (Prevention) includes immediate treatment of infections
-Important in individuals with compromised immune systems
Bacteremia Bacterial septicemia
Toxemia Release of bacterial toxins into the blood
Lymphangitis Infection and inflammation of the lymphatic vessels
Septicemia (caused) Caused by various bacteria
-Septicemia is due to *direct inoculation* of bacteria into the blood
-Immunocompetent individuals *rarely* have septicemia
>Bacterial infections self-limited in these people
,-Gram-negative bacteria more often produce severe septicemia
>Due to release of endotoxin as the bacteria die
+Activates various defensive reactions by the body
-Often result from *opportunisitc* or *healthcare associated* infections
Toxemia (casued) Caused by various bacteria
Bacteria that produce a capsule may... resist phagocytosis
Toxins (Exotoxins) Exotoxins include several types of protein toxins and enzymes produced
and/or secreted from pathogenic bacteria.
Major categories include:
-Cytotoxins
-Neurotoxins
-Enterotoxins
Exotoxins (source) Mainly *gram-positive* & *gram-negative* bacteria
Exotoxins (Relation to Bacteria) Metabolic product secreted from living cell
, Exotoxins (Chemical Nature) Protein
or
short peptide
Exotoxins (Toxicity) High
Exotoxins (Heat Stability) Typically unstable at temps above 60 C
Exotoxins (Effect on Host) Variable
depending on sourec
maybe
-cytotoxin
-neurotoxin
-enterotoxin
Exotoxins (Fever Producing?) No
Exotoxins (Antigenicity) Strong;
stimulates antitoxin (antibody) production
