Music Theory
Cadences
● Imperfect Cadence
○ I, ii, or IV - V
● Perfect Cadence (Authentic)
○ V - I
● Half Cadence
○ I - V
● Plagal Cadence
○ IV - I (hymns)
● Deceptive Cadence
○ V - vi
Scale Degree Names
I—Tonic
II—Supertonic
III—Mediant
IV—Subdominant
V—Dominant
VI—Submediant
VII—Leading Tone
Scales
Natural Minor Scale
1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7
Harmonic Minor Scale
1 2 b3 4 5 b6 7
Melodic Minor Scale
, ● Ascending: 1 2 b3 4 5 6 7
● Descending: b7 b6 5 4 b3 2 1
Major Pentatonic Scale
12356
Minor Pentatonic Scale
1 b3 4 5 b7
Major Blues Scale
1 2 b3 3 4 5 6
Minor Blues Scale
1 b3 4 b5 5 b7
12-Bar Blues Progression
IIII
IV IV I I
V IV I I (or V)
Modes
I Didn't Pay Last Month's Apartment's Lease
● Ionian
○ Major scale
● Dorian
○ Flat 3, flat 7
○ Natural minor scale with a raised 6
● Phrygian
○ Natural minor scale with a flat 2
● Lydian
○ Major scale with a sharp 4
● Mixolydian
○ Major scale with a flat 7
● Aeolian
○ Natural minor scale
● Locrian
○ Flat everything except 1 and 4
Cadences
● Imperfect Cadence
○ I, ii, or IV - V
● Perfect Cadence (Authentic)
○ V - I
● Half Cadence
○ I - V
● Plagal Cadence
○ IV - I (hymns)
● Deceptive Cadence
○ V - vi
Scale Degree Names
I—Tonic
II—Supertonic
III—Mediant
IV—Subdominant
V—Dominant
VI—Submediant
VII—Leading Tone
Scales
Natural Minor Scale
1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7
Harmonic Minor Scale
1 2 b3 4 5 b6 7
Melodic Minor Scale
, ● Ascending: 1 2 b3 4 5 6 7
● Descending: b7 b6 5 4 b3 2 1
Major Pentatonic Scale
12356
Minor Pentatonic Scale
1 b3 4 5 b7
Major Blues Scale
1 2 b3 3 4 5 6
Minor Blues Scale
1 b3 4 b5 5 b7
12-Bar Blues Progression
IIII
IV IV I I
V IV I I (or V)
Modes
I Didn't Pay Last Month's Apartment's Lease
● Ionian
○ Major scale
● Dorian
○ Flat 3, flat 7
○ Natural minor scale with a raised 6
● Phrygian
○ Natural minor scale with a flat 2
● Lydian
○ Major scale with a sharp 4
● Mixolydian
○ Major scale with a flat 7
● Aeolian
○ Natural minor scale
● Locrian
○ Flat everything except 1 and 4
