CHM 130 FUNDAMENTAL CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM
PREP/COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS!!
Law of Conservation of Mass: - ANSWER:there is no change in the total mass of the substances reacting in a
balanced chemical reaction; thus, no material is lost or gained as original substances are changed to new
substances
Theoretical Yield: - ANSWER:amount of product (100%) we would expect if all the reactants were converted to
the desired product
Actual Yield: - ANSWER:the measure of mass of the product when a reaction ends
Percent Yield: - ANSWER:(actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%
The maximum number of electrons that may occupy the third energy level is... - ANSWER:18
What shape is the s sublevel? - ANSWER:spherical
Wavelength (lambda): - ANSWER:the distance from a crest or trough in the wave to the next trough or crest in
the wave
Frequency (fancy lookin v): - ANSWER:number of times the crests of a wave pass a point in 1s
v = c (speed of light)/lambda
lambda = c/v
c = lambda(v) - ANSWER:
Electromagnetic spectrum: - ANSWER:an arrangement of different types of electromagnetic radiation fro the
longest wavelength to shortest wavelength or from lowest energy to highest energy
An electron can change from one energy level to a higher energy level only if it... - ANSWER:absorbs the equal
energy to the difference in energy levels
, When an electron drops to a lower energy level, how is energy lost? - ANSWER:energy, equal to the difference
in energy levels, is emitted as a photon
When 2 electrons are in the same orbital, they will... - ANSWER:repel each other unless their magnetic fields
cancel--this only happens when the 2 electrons spin in opposite directions
The total # of electrons in all the sublevels adds up to give... - ANSWER:the electrons allowed in an energy
level
What does an orbital diagram show you? - ANSWER:The placement of the electrons in the orbitals in order of
increasing energy
The group numbers indicate the number of... - ANSWER:valence electrons for the elements in each of vertical
column
The atomic size of an atom is determined by the distance of... - ANSWER:valence electrons from the nucleus
For elements going across a period, the number of protons in the nucleus.... - ANSWER:increases the (+)
charge of the nucleus; as a result the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus, which means that the atomic
size of elements decreases going L to R across a period
Ionization energy: - ANSWER:the energy needed to remove one electron from an atom in the gaseous state
Understanding stoichiometric relationships enables you to... - ANSWER:predict amounts of products formed
The limiting reactant in a completed chemical reaction will be the substance... - ANSWER:used up
As you move down a group on the periodic table, the atomic radii of the elements... - ANSWER:increase
When an atom loses electrons, it... - ANSWER:becomes smaller
Relative to position in the periodic table, what charges do the ions of elements typically have? - ANSWER:(+)
for the L side of table; (-) for R side of the table
PREP/COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS!!
Law of Conservation of Mass: - ANSWER:there is no change in the total mass of the substances reacting in a
balanced chemical reaction; thus, no material is lost or gained as original substances are changed to new
substances
Theoretical Yield: - ANSWER:amount of product (100%) we would expect if all the reactants were converted to
the desired product
Actual Yield: - ANSWER:the measure of mass of the product when a reaction ends
Percent Yield: - ANSWER:(actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%
The maximum number of electrons that may occupy the third energy level is... - ANSWER:18
What shape is the s sublevel? - ANSWER:spherical
Wavelength (lambda): - ANSWER:the distance from a crest or trough in the wave to the next trough or crest in
the wave
Frequency (fancy lookin v): - ANSWER:number of times the crests of a wave pass a point in 1s
v = c (speed of light)/lambda
lambda = c/v
c = lambda(v) - ANSWER:
Electromagnetic spectrum: - ANSWER:an arrangement of different types of electromagnetic radiation fro the
longest wavelength to shortest wavelength or from lowest energy to highest energy
An electron can change from one energy level to a higher energy level only if it... - ANSWER:absorbs the equal
energy to the difference in energy levels
, When an electron drops to a lower energy level, how is energy lost? - ANSWER:energy, equal to the difference
in energy levels, is emitted as a photon
When 2 electrons are in the same orbital, they will... - ANSWER:repel each other unless their magnetic fields
cancel--this only happens when the 2 electrons spin in opposite directions
The total # of electrons in all the sublevels adds up to give... - ANSWER:the electrons allowed in an energy
level
What does an orbital diagram show you? - ANSWER:The placement of the electrons in the orbitals in order of
increasing energy
The group numbers indicate the number of... - ANSWER:valence electrons for the elements in each of vertical
column
The atomic size of an atom is determined by the distance of... - ANSWER:valence electrons from the nucleus
For elements going across a period, the number of protons in the nucleus.... - ANSWER:increases the (+)
charge of the nucleus; as a result the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus, which means that the atomic
size of elements decreases going L to R across a period
Ionization energy: - ANSWER:the energy needed to remove one electron from an atom in the gaseous state
Understanding stoichiometric relationships enables you to... - ANSWER:predict amounts of products formed
The limiting reactant in a completed chemical reaction will be the substance... - ANSWER:used up
As you move down a group on the periodic table, the atomic radii of the elements... - ANSWER:increase
When an atom loses electrons, it... - ANSWER:becomes smaller
Relative to position in the periodic table, what charges do the ions of elements typically have? - ANSWER:(+)
for the L side of table; (-) for R side of the table
