PHC4101: Quiz 2 questions with
complete solutions
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔according to Charles-Edward Amory Winslow, this is the
"diagnostic discipline of public health"
epidemiologic methods - correct answer ✔✔what are used to:
-investigate the causes of diseases
-identify trends in disease occurrence that may influence the need for medical and public health
services
-evaluate the effectiveness of medical and public health interventions
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔studies the patterns of disease occurrence in human
populations and the factors that influence these patterns
epidemic - correct answer ✔✔increase in the frequency of a disease above the usual and
expected rate, which is called the endemic rate
-derived from a Greek word meaning "upon the people"
endemic rate - correct answer ✔✔the normal or expected rate of infection in a population or
geographic area
to control and prevent the spread of disease - correct answer ✔✔what is epidemiologists
ultimate goal?
John Snow - correct answer ✔✔who is known as the father of modern epidemiology?
,cholera - correct answer ✔✔John Snow was concerned about a ____ epidemic that struck
London in 1848
polluted drinking water - correct answer ✔✔John Snow formulated the hypothesis that cholera
was spread by _______
vital statistics - correct answer ✔✔official records of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths;
often used for epidemiologic studies
epidemiologic surveillance - correct answer ✔✔this is the ongoing and systematic collection,
analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and
evaluation of public health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these
data to those responsible for prevention and control
public health surveillance - correct answer ✔✔the goal of ____ is to provide information that
can be used for health action by public health personnel, government leaders, and the public to
guide public health policy and programs
-putting information into action
stringent - correct answer ✔✔in order to effectively use and interpret surveillance data, we
must use ___ definitions, measurements and standards that are universally agreed upon for use
in best practice
surveillance process - correct answer ✔✔this describes the process of:
1. data collection (before collecting data -> decide overarching goal of system)
2. data analysis
3. data interpretation
,4. data dissemination
5. link to action
notifiable diseases - correct answer ✔✔a disease that the law requires to be reported to public
health authorities as part of the public health surveillance system
90 - correct answer ✔✔In the United States, approximately ___ conditions have been identified
by law as notifiable at the federal level, including anthrax, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
measles, and Zika
local; state; CDC - correct answer ✔✔all physicians, hospitals, and clinical laboratories must
report any case of a notifiable disease or condition to their ____ health department, which in
turn reports to the ____ health department and the _____."
chronic diseases - correct answer ✔✔disease that is marked by long duration or frequent
recurrence, usually incurable but not immediately fatal
-ex. cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
report - correct answer ✔✔the first step in recognizing that a community is facing a new
problem is usually a _____ to the local or state health department or the CDC by a perceptive
physician who notices something unusual that he or she thinks should be investigated further"
Hep A - correct answer ✔✔_____ is a notifiable disease in all 50 states; it is caused by a virus
that contaminates food and water (important to identify the source of any outbreak so that
authorities can take steps to prevent wider exposure to the virus)
, epidemiologic investigation - correct answer ✔✔a set of procedures used to identify the cause,
i.e. the infectious agent, responsible for a disease; requires asking the who, where, and when
questions
shoeleather epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔an investigation of disease outbreak in the field
starting with interviewing of reported cases, asking the questions who, where and when
who - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
this is the reported cases and unreported cases that may turn up once the investigator starts
asking questions
when - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
asking every victim what date did the first symptoms occur (used to potentially work to a date
of exposure)
where - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
the hardest question to answer; asks victim what place they obtained something during the
period of likely exposure and what dis these things have in common
salmonella and shigella - correct answer ✔✔bacteria that commonly infect carelessly prepared
or preserved food; these are both notifiable diseases
single - correct answer ✔✔with some diseases, even a ____ case amounts to an epidemic (ex.
measles)
complete solutions
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔according to Charles-Edward Amory Winslow, this is the
"diagnostic discipline of public health"
epidemiologic methods - correct answer ✔✔what are used to:
-investigate the causes of diseases
-identify trends in disease occurrence that may influence the need for medical and public health
services
-evaluate the effectiveness of medical and public health interventions
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔studies the patterns of disease occurrence in human
populations and the factors that influence these patterns
epidemic - correct answer ✔✔increase in the frequency of a disease above the usual and
expected rate, which is called the endemic rate
-derived from a Greek word meaning "upon the people"
endemic rate - correct answer ✔✔the normal or expected rate of infection in a population or
geographic area
to control and prevent the spread of disease - correct answer ✔✔what is epidemiologists
ultimate goal?
John Snow - correct answer ✔✔who is known as the father of modern epidemiology?
,cholera - correct answer ✔✔John Snow was concerned about a ____ epidemic that struck
London in 1848
polluted drinking water - correct answer ✔✔John Snow formulated the hypothesis that cholera
was spread by _______
vital statistics - correct answer ✔✔official records of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths;
often used for epidemiologic studies
epidemiologic surveillance - correct answer ✔✔this is the ongoing and systematic collection,
analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and
evaluation of public health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these
data to those responsible for prevention and control
public health surveillance - correct answer ✔✔the goal of ____ is to provide information that
can be used for health action by public health personnel, government leaders, and the public to
guide public health policy and programs
-putting information into action
stringent - correct answer ✔✔in order to effectively use and interpret surveillance data, we
must use ___ definitions, measurements and standards that are universally agreed upon for use
in best practice
surveillance process - correct answer ✔✔this describes the process of:
1. data collection (before collecting data -> decide overarching goal of system)
2. data analysis
3. data interpretation
,4. data dissemination
5. link to action
notifiable diseases - correct answer ✔✔a disease that the law requires to be reported to public
health authorities as part of the public health surveillance system
90 - correct answer ✔✔In the United States, approximately ___ conditions have been identified
by law as notifiable at the federal level, including anthrax, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
measles, and Zika
local; state; CDC - correct answer ✔✔all physicians, hospitals, and clinical laboratories must
report any case of a notifiable disease or condition to their ____ health department, which in
turn reports to the ____ health department and the _____."
chronic diseases - correct answer ✔✔disease that is marked by long duration or frequent
recurrence, usually incurable but not immediately fatal
-ex. cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
report - correct answer ✔✔the first step in recognizing that a community is facing a new
problem is usually a _____ to the local or state health department or the CDC by a perceptive
physician who notices something unusual that he or she thinks should be investigated further"
Hep A - correct answer ✔✔_____ is a notifiable disease in all 50 states; it is caused by a virus
that contaminates food and water (important to identify the source of any outbreak so that
authorities can take steps to prevent wider exposure to the virus)
, epidemiologic investigation - correct answer ✔✔a set of procedures used to identify the cause,
i.e. the infectious agent, responsible for a disease; requires asking the who, where, and when
questions
shoeleather epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔an investigation of disease outbreak in the field
starting with interviewing of reported cases, asking the questions who, where and when
who - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
this is the reported cases and unreported cases that may turn up once the investigator starts
asking questions
when - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
asking every victim what date did the first symptoms occur (used to potentially work to a date
of exposure)
where - correct answer ✔✔shoeleather epidemiology:
the hardest question to answer; asks victim what place they obtained something during the
period of likely exposure and what dis these things have in common
salmonella and shigella - correct answer ✔✔bacteria that commonly infect carelessly prepared
or preserved food; these are both notifiable diseases
single - correct answer ✔✔with some diseases, even a ____ case amounts to an epidemic (ex.
measles)
