Food Manager Exam (all
100% correct answers)
latest update 2025
Integumentary System - ANSMade of 2 components: Skin and accessory structures.
Functions: 1) protection- mechanical damage, UV, waterproofing, heat, pathogens.
2) Temperature regulation
3) Produce substances - sweat, sebum, vitamin D
4) Storage of energy- fat storage
5) Sensory perception- touch, heat, pressure, pain
6) Excretions and secretions- organic wastes, salts, water, milk
Cutaneous Membrane - ANSThe epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis.
Epidermis - ANSThe epithelium covering the surface of the skin.
Dermis - ANSThe connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis of the skin.
Accessory Structures - ANSOf the hair include: hair, nails, sweat glands, and
sebaceous glands.
Hypodermis - ANSThe layer of loose connective tissue and fat cells below the
dermis; also called the subcutaneous layer.
Stratum Germinativum - ANS"growing layer"
-stem cells of skin are located here and are constantly dividing
-contain melanocytes which produce melanin (skin pigment)
-but everyone has the same number of melanocytes
Stratum Spinosum - ANS"spring layer"
-continued cell division to add thickness to skin
Stratum Granulosum - ANS"granular layer"
-contains granules on inside containing keratin
-have stopped dividing
, Stratum Lucidum - ANSthin clear layer of skin found only in thick skin.
Stratum Corneum - ANS"Cornfield layer"
-multiple layers of dead cells that are packed with keratin
Keratin - ANSTough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the
general integumentary surface.
Melanocytes - ANSSpecialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified squamous
epithelium of the skin, responsible for the production of melanin.
Melanin - ANSYellow-brown pigment produced by the melanocytes of the skin.
Cyanosis - ANSBluish discoloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated
blood in the vessels near the body surface.
Papillary Layer - ANSunder the epidermis. Contains capillaries and nerves.
Reticular Layer - ANSdeeper layer of dermis, lots of connective tissue (example
collagen fibers and elastic fibers)
Hair Follicle - ANSAn accessory structure of the integument; a tube, lined by a
stratified squamous epithelium, that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the
hair papilla.
Arrector Pili - ANSSmooth muscles whose contractions cause erection of hairs.
Sebaceous Glands - ANSGlands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair
follicles.
Sebum - ANSSebaceous glands secrete this. It is an oily or waxy matter, used to
lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair.
Apocrine Sweat Glands - ANSslightly thicker sweat found in axillary (armpits) and
groin region.
Merocrine Sweat Glands - ANSnormal sweat
Cuticle - ANSLayer of dead, cornified cells surrounding the shaft of a hair or surface
of nails.
Osseus Tissue - ANSBone tissue, strong connective tissue containing specialized
cells and a mineralized matrix of crystalline calcium phosphate and calcium
carbonate.
100% correct answers)
latest update 2025
Integumentary System - ANSMade of 2 components: Skin and accessory structures.
Functions: 1) protection- mechanical damage, UV, waterproofing, heat, pathogens.
2) Temperature regulation
3) Produce substances - sweat, sebum, vitamin D
4) Storage of energy- fat storage
5) Sensory perception- touch, heat, pressure, pain
6) Excretions and secretions- organic wastes, salts, water, milk
Cutaneous Membrane - ANSThe epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis.
Epidermis - ANSThe epithelium covering the surface of the skin.
Dermis - ANSThe connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis of the skin.
Accessory Structures - ANSOf the hair include: hair, nails, sweat glands, and
sebaceous glands.
Hypodermis - ANSThe layer of loose connective tissue and fat cells below the
dermis; also called the subcutaneous layer.
Stratum Germinativum - ANS"growing layer"
-stem cells of skin are located here and are constantly dividing
-contain melanocytes which produce melanin (skin pigment)
-but everyone has the same number of melanocytes
Stratum Spinosum - ANS"spring layer"
-continued cell division to add thickness to skin
Stratum Granulosum - ANS"granular layer"
-contains granules on inside containing keratin
-have stopped dividing
, Stratum Lucidum - ANSthin clear layer of skin found only in thick skin.
Stratum Corneum - ANS"Cornfield layer"
-multiple layers of dead cells that are packed with keratin
Keratin - ANSTough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the
general integumentary surface.
Melanocytes - ANSSpecialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified squamous
epithelium of the skin, responsible for the production of melanin.
Melanin - ANSYellow-brown pigment produced by the melanocytes of the skin.
Cyanosis - ANSBluish discoloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated
blood in the vessels near the body surface.
Papillary Layer - ANSunder the epidermis. Contains capillaries and nerves.
Reticular Layer - ANSdeeper layer of dermis, lots of connective tissue (example
collagen fibers and elastic fibers)
Hair Follicle - ANSAn accessory structure of the integument; a tube, lined by a
stratified squamous epithelium, that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the
hair papilla.
Arrector Pili - ANSSmooth muscles whose contractions cause erection of hairs.
Sebaceous Glands - ANSGlands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair
follicles.
Sebum - ANSSebaceous glands secrete this. It is an oily or waxy matter, used to
lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair.
Apocrine Sweat Glands - ANSslightly thicker sweat found in axillary (armpits) and
groin region.
Merocrine Sweat Glands - ANSnormal sweat
Cuticle - ANSLayer of dead, cornified cells surrounding the shaft of a hair or surface
of nails.
Osseus Tissue - ANSBone tissue, strong connective tissue containing specialized
cells and a mineralized matrix of crystalline calcium phosphate and calcium
carbonate.
