BIODl 331/l BIOD331l Modulel 3:l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pathophysiologyl |l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Portagel
Learning
Q:l Whichl celll typel isl anl earlyl responderl andl thel mostl abundantl inl thel
body?
Answer:
neutrophils
Q:l Whichl featurel isl NOTl ofl innatel immunity?
Answer:
microbel recognitionl isl specificl (remember:l innatel immunityl isl non-specific)
Q:l Al 12-year-oldl femalel presentsl withl itchyl eyes,l nasall congestionl andl
drainage,l andl sneezingl everyl springl whenl thel pollenl countl isl high.l (1)l
Explainl thel immunologicl mechanismsl thatl arel responsiblel forl herl
symptoms.l (2)l Whatl type(s)l ofl treatmentl mightl bel usedl tol relievel herl
symptoms?
Answer:
, (1)l Mastl cells,l basophils,l andl eosinophilsl playl anl importantl rolel inl thel
developmentl ofl typel Il reactionsl becausel theyl containl thel chemicall
mediatorl histamine.l Al primaryl orl initial-phasel responsel isl vasodilation,l
vascularl leakage,l andl smoothl musclel contraction.l Al secondaryl orl late-phasel
responsel isl characterizedl byl morel intensel infiltrationl ofl tissuesl withl
eosinophilsl andl otherl acutel andl chronicl inflammatoryl cells,l asl welll asl
tissuel damage.l (2)l Antihistaminesl andl intranasall corticosteroidsl arel thel
mainstayl ofl treatment.
Q:l Followingl al heartl attack,l thel areal ofl heartl musclel thatl hasl undergonel
necrosisl becausel ofl lackl ofl bloodl supplyl willl heall byl scarl tissuel
replacement.
Answer:
true
Q:l Whichl ofl thel followingl isl anl incorrectl pairingl ofl al classicl
manifestationl ofl acutel inflammationl withl itsl correspondingl cause?
Answer:
Knowl thel followingl correctl pairings:
Rubor-l vasodilation
Dolor-l pain
Calor-l increasedl bloodl flow
Tumor-l exudationl ofl fluidl andl cellsl intol extravascularl tissues
Functiol laesa-l lossl ofl function
Q:l True/False:
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pathophysiologyl |l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Portagel
Learning
Q:l Whichl celll typel isl anl earlyl responderl andl thel mostl abundantl inl thel
body?
Answer:
neutrophils
Q:l Whichl featurel isl NOTl ofl innatel immunity?
Answer:
microbel recognitionl isl specificl (remember:l innatel immunityl isl non-specific)
Q:l Al 12-year-oldl femalel presentsl withl itchyl eyes,l nasall congestionl andl
drainage,l andl sneezingl everyl springl whenl thel pollenl countl isl high.l (1)l
Explainl thel immunologicl mechanismsl thatl arel responsiblel forl herl
symptoms.l (2)l Whatl type(s)l ofl treatmentl mightl bel usedl tol relievel herl
symptoms?
Answer:
, (1)l Mastl cells,l basophils,l andl eosinophilsl playl anl importantl rolel inl thel
developmentl ofl typel Il reactionsl becausel theyl containl thel chemicall
mediatorl histamine.l Al primaryl orl initial-phasel responsel isl vasodilation,l
vascularl leakage,l andl smoothl musclel contraction.l Al secondaryl orl late-phasel
responsel isl characterizedl byl morel intensel infiltrationl ofl tissuesl withl
eosinophilsl andl otherl acutel andl chronicl inflammatoryl cells,l asl welll asl
tissuel damage.l (2)l Antihistaminesl andl intranasall corticosteroidsl arel thel
mainstayl ofl treatment.
Q:l Followingl al heartl attack,l thel areal ofl heartl musclel thatl hasl undergonel
necrosisl becausel ofl lackl ofl bloodl supplyl willl heall byl scarl tissuel
replacement.
Answer:
true
Q:l Whichl ofl thel followingl isl anl incorrectl pairingl ofl al classicl
manifestationl ofl acutel inflammationl withl itsl correspondingl cause?
Answer:
Knowl thel followingl correctl pairings:
Rubor-l vasodilation
Dolor-l pain
Calor-l increasedl bloodl flow
Tumor-l exudationl ofl fluidl andl cellsl intol extravascularl tissues
Functiol laesa-l lossl ofl function
Q:l True/False:
