PSIO 305 EXAM 4 BAO STUDY GUIDE
Stressor - answers :a physical (external), chemical (internal), or psychological (mental)
factor resulting in tension of the body or mind
Goal of stress response - answers :maintain or re-gain homeostasis
4 normal stress responses of the body - answers :1. Sympathetic activation (within 2-3
seconds)
2. Activation of adrenal medulla (20-30 seconds)
3. Hpa axis activation (mins, hrs, or days)
4. Cortisol neg feedback suppresses stress response (return to normal state after
stress)
Stress response: sympathetic activation - answers :- hr increase, vasoconstriction,
sodium/water retention lead to higher bp and better blood circulation
- glycogenolysis, neoglucogenesis, lipolysis make nutrients more available
- bronchial dilation results in more o2 intake
- pupil dilation - more sensory info sent to brain
- reduced digestion and bladder relaxation direct resources and attention to stressor
- increased bloodflow to skeletal muscle - sympathetic innervation of blood vessels of
skeletal muscle is cholinergic in animals and is mediated by e/beta2 receptors in both
animals and humans but to a lesser degree
Stress response: adrenal medulla activation - answers :- release epinephrine, similar
function as sympathetic activity
- sympathetic activity wanes quickly, e is more long lasting
Stress response: hpa axis - answers :- glucocorticoids : breaking down proteins, fatty
acids, and glycogen; gluconeogenesis; vasoconstriction; immunosuppression
- minerolocorticoids : sodium/water retention to increase blood volume/pressure
Continue to support fight or flight
Stress response : cortisol neg feedback to suppress response - answers :return to
normal state after stress
Hpa axis not meant to sustain the response
Defining symptoms of ptsd - answers :1. Intrusive memories - recurrent, unwanted
memories of traumatic event, nightmares, etc
2. Avoidance - avoiding thinking/talking about the event, avoiding reminders of it
3. Cognitive and mood disorder - negative thoughts about self, other people and world,
memory problems, lack of interest, detached, etc
Stressor - answers :a physical (external), chemical (internal), or psychological (mental)
factor resulting in tension of the body or mind
Goal of stress response - answers :maintain or re-gain homeostasis
4 normal stress responses of the body - answers :1. Sympathetic activation (within 2-3
seconds)
2. Activation of adrenal medulla (20-30 seconds)
3. Hpa axis activation (mins, hrs, or days)
4. Cortisol neg feedback suppresses stress response (return to normal state after
stress)
Stress response: sympathetic activation - answers :- hr increase, vasoconstriction,
sodium/water retention lead to higher bp and better blood circulation
- glycogenolysis, neoglucogenesis, lipolysis make nutrients more available
- bronchial dilation results in more o2 intake
- pupil dilation - more sensory info sent to brain
- reduced digestion and bladder relaxation direct resources and attention to stressor
- increased bloodflow to skeletal muscle - sympathetic innervation of blood vessels of
skeletal muscle is cholinergic in animals and is mediated by e/beta2 receptors in both
animals and humans but to a lesser degree
Stress response: adrenal medulla activation - answers :- release epinephrine, similar
function as sympathetic activity
- sympathetic activity wanes quickly, e is more long lasting
Stress response: hpa axis - answers :- glucocorticoids : breaking down proteins, fatty
acids, and glycogen; gluconeogenesis; vasoconstriction; immunosuppression
- minerolocorticoids : sodium/water retention to increase blood volume/pressure
Continue to support fight or flight
Stress response : cortisol neg feedback to suppress response - answers :return to
normal state after stress
Hpa axis not meant to sustain the response
Defining symptoms of ptsd - answers :1. Intrusive memories - recurrent, unwanted
memories of traumatic event, nightmares, etc
2. Avoidance - avoiding thinking/talking about the event, avoiding reminders of it
3. Cognitive and mood disorder - negative thoughts about self, other people and world,
memory problems, lack of interest, detached, etc
