INBDE Pharmacology Exam Questions
with All Correct Answers
Through their inhibition of COX-1, ____ disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier, leading to
dyspepsia. - Answer-NSAIDs
Untreated or sub-therapeutic treatment of hypothyroidism can result in muscular
weakness, nervous system depression, cardiac depression, tongue enlargement, and
lead to sleep apnea. - Answer-Prescription of narcotics to these patients may precipitate
unstable cardiac or respiratory depression, which may become life-threatening.
Sulfonylureas summon insulin. They directly stimulate insulin release. - Answer-
Examples:
Glyburide
Glipizide
Glimepiride
Metformin (Glucophage®) is an example of a ____, which lowers blood glucose levels
by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. Metformin also makes
tissues more sensitive to insulin. - Answer-biguanide
MOA of various diuretics: - Answer-Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide®): blocks the
Na+/Cl- transporter at the distal convoluted tubule
Furosemide: blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter at the thick ascending loop of Henle
Spironolactone: blocks aldosterone receptors at the collecting duct
Triamterene: blocks epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) at the collecting duct
Denosumab: treats osteoporosis, monoclonal antibody that blocks ___ - Answer-
RANKL --> inhibits osteoclasts to decrease bone resorption
The half-life of denosumab (Prolia®) is 28 days and its antiresorptive effects diminish by
6 months after discontinuation of the medication.
The mechanism of action of methimazole (Tapazole®) to treat Graves (hyperthyroidism)
is to ____. - Answer-inhibit thyroid peroxidase (TPO)
, Meth Overdose results in: - Answer-Dry mouth, hypertension, MYDRIASIS pupil dilation
(not miosis!) and hyperventilation
If pt were still taking Denosumab, discontinue med and postpone extraction for 3
months.
___ inactivates thrombin, ____ irreversibly blocks platelet receptors - Answer-Heparin ,
Clopidogrel
One well-known contraindication to bupropion (Wellbutrin) is ____, as the medication
can lower the seizure threshold. - Answer-epilepsy
Even though Parkinson's disease is a result of a dopamine deficiency, ___ infusions will
not relieve symptoms. - Answer-dopamine (unable to cross the blood-brain barrier!)
Possible medications they can take: Levodopa (precursor of dopamine), Selegiline (MOI
inhibitor), Benztropine (anticholinergic)
What is the main psychoactive ingredient in substances that cause cannabis
dependence? - Answer-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
What to know about ORAL contraceptives? - Answer-Oral contraceptives are not as
effective when taken with certain antibiotics, may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, and
do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
The first-line treatment for CMV infection in someone with multiple myeloma is ____, an
antiviral. - Answer-ganciclovir
Acute Adrenal Crisis symptoms: - Answer-hypovolemic shock (sweating, elevated HR),
sudden BP drop, and low blood sugar levels
Bisphosphonates are used to treat ____. - Answer-osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and
hypercalcemia of malignancy
NOT HYPOPARATHYROIDISM!
So what's used to treat hypoparathyroidism? - Answer-calcitriol (activated vitamin D)
and calcium supplements
The use of ____, particularly in combination with fibrates to lower cholesterol, can result
in rhabdomyolysis. - Answer-statins
Rhabdomyolysis results from the breakdown and damage to muscles, causing the
release of intracellular muscle components, which damages the kidneys.
Sx: muscle pain, signs of kidney damage, and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK)
levels
with All Correct Answers
Through their inhibition of COX-1, ____ disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier, leading to
dyspepsia. - Answer-NSAIDs
Untreated or sub-therapeutic treatment of hypothyroidism can result in muscular
weakness, nervous system depression, cardiac depression, tongue enlargement, and
lead to sleep apnea. - Answer-Prescription of narcotics to these patients may precipitate
unstable cardiac or respiratory depression, which may become life-threatening.
Sulfonylureas summon insulin. They directly stimulate insulin release. - Answer-
Examples:
Glyburide
Glipizide
Glimepiride
Metformin (Glucophage®) is an example of a ____, which lowers blood glucose levels
by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. Metformin also makes
tissues more sensitive to insulin. - Answer-biguanide
MOA of various diuretics: - Answer-Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide®): blocks the
Na+/Cl- transporter at the distal convoluted tubule
Furosemide: blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter at the thick ascending loop of Henle
Spironolactone: blocks aldosterone receptors at the collecting duct
Triamterene: blocks epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) at the collecting duct
Denosumab: treats osteoporosis, monoclonal antibody that blocks ___ - Answer-
RANKL --> inhibits osteoclasts to decrease bone resorption
The half-life of denosumab (Prolia®) is 28 days and its antiresorptive effects diminish by
6 months after discontinuation of the medication.
The mechanism of action of methimazole (Tapazole®) to treat Graves (hyperthyroidism)
is to ____. - Answer-inhibit thyroid peroxidase (TPO)
, Meth Overdose results in: - Answer-Dry mouth, hypertension, MYDRIASIS pupil dilation
(not miosis!) and hyperventilation
If pt were still taking Denosumab, discontinue med and postpone extraction for 3
months.
___ inactivates thrombin, ____ irreversibly blocks platelet receptors - Answer-Heparin ,
Clopidogrel
One well-known contraindication to bupropion (Wellbutrin) is ____, as the medication
can lower the seizure threshold. - Answer-epilepsy
Even though Parkinson's disease is a result of a dopamine deficiency, ___ infusions will
not relieve symptoms. - Answer-dopamine (unable to cross the blood-brain barrier!)
Possible medications they can take: Levodopa (precursor of dopamine), Selegiline (MOI
inhibitor), Benztropine (anticholinergic)
What is the main psychoactive ingredient in substances that cause cannabis
dependence? - Answer-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
What to know about ORAL contraceptives? - Answer-Oral contraceptives are not as
effective when taken with certain antibiotics, may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, and
do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
The first-line treatment for CMV infection in someone with multiple myeloma is ____, an
antiviral. - Answer-ganciclovir
Acute Adrenal Crisis symptoms: - Answer-hypovolemic shock (sweating, elevated HR),
sudden BP drop, and low blood sugar levels
Bisphosphonates are used to treat ____. - Answer-osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and
hypercalcemia of malignancy
NOT HYPOPARATHYROIDISM!
So what's used to treat hypoparathyroidism? - Answer-calcitriol (activated vitamin D)
and calcium supplements
The use of ____, particularly in combination with fibrates to lower cholesterol, can result
in rhabdomyolysis. - Answer-statins
Rhabdomyolysis results from the breakdown and damage to muscles, causing the
release of intracellular muscle components, which damages the kidneys.
Sx: muscle pain, signs of kidney damage, and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK)
levels
