Chapter 26 Structure and Function of the
Pulmonary System BIO 669 Dr. Avenido
Questions With Complete Solutions
_____________ must be performed to measure
PaCO2 Correct Answers ABGs
________________ of pulmonary vessels are filled
with blood at any given time (therefore increased
delivery of blood to the lungs does not normally
increase the mean pulmonary artery pressure)
Correct Answers 1/3
__________________ sense pH changes in the CSF
Correct Answers central chemoreceptors
___________________ can cause pulmonary artery
constriction Correct Answers acidemia
____________________ are located in the smooth
muscles or the airway. They are sensitive to
increases in size or volume of lungs. When
stimulated these receptors decrease ventilatory
rate and volume Correct Answers stretch
receptors
_____________________ controls ventilation Correct
Answers neurochemical control
,_____________________ fills the pleural space and
lubricates the area allowing the 2 layers to side
over each other Correct Answers pleural fluid
_______________________ are sensitive to oxygen
levels in arterial blood. PaO2 must drop below 60
mmHg in order for these receptors to influence
ventilation Correct Answers peripheral
chemoreceptors
_______________________ is caused by alveolar and
pulmonary venous hypoxia (hypoxic pulmonary
vasoconstriction) Correct Answers
vascoconstriction
________________________ are located in the
epithelium. They are sensitive to noxious aerosols,
gases and particulate matter (ex: dust). When
stimulated these receptors cause cough,
bronchoconstriction and an increased ventilatory
rate Correct Answers irritant receptors
_________________________ are located near
capillaries in the alveolar septa. They are sensitive
to increased pulmonary capillary pressure. When
stimulated they cause rapid, shallow breathing,
hypotension and bradycardia Correct Answers J
receptors
, ___________________________ coats the inner surface
of the alveolus and lowers alveolar surface tension
at expiration. Helps to prevent lung collapse
Correct Answers surfactant
___________________________ occurs at any gas-liquid
interface and refers to the tendency for liquid
molecules that are exposed to air to adhere to one
another Correct Answers surface tension
_______________________________ are small pores that
allow alveoli to communicate with each other,
these help with the equalization of pressure,
exchange of gas, and help to improve the
efficiency of ventilation Correct Answers Pores of
Kohn
a ________________ shift enhances oxygen delivery
at the systemic level and favors the release of
oxygen from hemoglobin Correct Answers right
a pressure gradient of _____ facilitates the diffusion
of oxygen from the alveolus into the capillary
Correct Answers 60 mmHg
a shift to the __________ occurs when hemoglobin
has a decreased affinity for oxygen or an increase
in the ease at which oxyhemoglovin dissociates
and oxygen moves into cells Correct Answers
right
Pulmonary System BIO 669 Dr. Avenido
Questions With Complete Solutions
_____________ must be performed to measure
PaCO2 Correct Answers ABGs
________________ of pulmonary vessels are filled
with blood at any given time (therefore increased
delivery of blood to the lungs does not normally
increase the mean pulmonary artery pressure)
Correct Answers 1/3
__________________ sense pH changes in the CSF
Correct Answers central chemoreceptors
___________________ can cause pulmonary artery
constriction Correct Answers acidemia
____________________ are located in the smooth
muscles or the airway. They are sensitive to
increases in size or volume of lungs. When
stimulated these receptors decrease ventilatory
rate and volume Correct Answers stretch
receptors
_____________________ controls ventilation Correct
Answers neurochemical control
,_____________________ fills the pleural space and
lubricates the area allowing the 2 layers to side
over each other Correct Answers pleural fluid
_______________________ are sensitive to oxygen
levels in arterial blood. PaO2 must drop below 60
mmHg in order for these receptors to influence
ventilation Correct Answers peripheral
chemoreceptors
_______________________ is caused by alveolar and
pulmonary venous hypoxia (hypoxic pulmonary
vasoconstriction) Correct Answers
vascoconstriction
________________________ are located in the
epithelium. They are sensitive to noxious aerosols,
gases and particulate matter (ex: dust). When
stimulated these receptors cause cough,
bronchoconstriction and an increased ventilatory
rate Correct Answers irritant receptors
_________________________ are located near
capillaries in the alveolar septa. They are sensitive
to increased pulmonary capillary pressure. When
stimulated they cause rapid, shallow breathing,
hypotension and bradycardia Correct Answers J
receptors
, ___________________________ coats the inner surface
of the alveolus and lowers alveolar surface tension
at expiration. Helps to prevent lung collapse
Correct Answers surfactant
___________________________ occurs at any gas-liquid
interface and refers to the tendency for liquid
molecules that are exposed to air to adhere to one
another Correct Answers surface tension
_______________________________ are small pores that
allow alveoli to communicate with each other,
these help with the equalization of pressure,
exchange of gas, and help to improve the
efficiency of ventilation Correct Answers Pores of
Kohn
a ________________ shift enhances oxygen delivery
at the systemic level and favors the release of
oxygen from hemoglobin Correct Answers right
a pressure gradient of _____ facilitates the diffusion
of oxygen from the alveolus into the capillary
Correct Answers 60 mmHg
a shift to the __________ occurs when hemoglobin
has a decreased affinity for oxygen or an increase
in the ease at which oxyhemoglovin dissociates
and oxygen moves into cells Correct Answers
right
