TEAS 7 HUMAN ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE
Mechanoreceptors - Answer-respond to changes in pressure or tension. Meissner's
corpuscles, Merkel's disks, Pacinian corpuscles, and Ruffini endings are
mechanoreceptors.
Chemoreceptors - Answer-olfactory and taste receptors detect the presence of
chemicals
Photoreceptors - Answer-rod and cone cells of the eye respond to light.
Thermoreceptors - Answer-sense both absolute temperature and changes in
temperature
Nociceptors - Answer-detect pain
brain function - Answer-patterns of brain activity
Cranial Nerves - Answer-Olfactory- smell
Optic-sight
Oculomotor- moves the eye up and down, left to right
Trochlear- moves the eye up and down, left to right, and diagonally
Trigeminal- largest of the cranial nerves; chewing, face sensation
Abducens- moves the eye up, down, left, right, and diagonally
Facial- facial expression and anterior two-thirds of the tongue
Vestibulocochlear- sound
Glossopharyngeal- swallowing, saliva, and taste
Vagus- control of the PNS
Accessory- swallowing and movement of the head and neck
Hypoglossal- speech and swallowing; tongue muscles
Neurotransmitters - Answer-Acetylcholine(ACH)- stimulates skeletal muscle
Norepinephrine(NE)- influences mood and sleep patterns
Dopamine- associated with mood, attention, reward system, and movement
Histamine- works with the hypothalamus, promotes wakefulness
Serotonin- many roles- mostly inhibitory. Influences sleep, mood, hunger, arousal
GABA- the major inhibitory neurotransmitter
Glutamate- the major excitatory neurotransmitter
Range of motion(Sagittal) - Answer-Flexion- decrease the angle between two body
parts(bending the elbow)
Extension- increasing the angle between two body parts(straightening the elbow)
, Dorsiflexion( ankle flexion(moving the toes toward the shin)
Plantar flexion- ankle extension( moving the toes toward the ground)
ROM(Frontal) - Answer-Adduction-toward the body
Abduction-away from the midline
Elevation- scapula movement, superior movement
Depression-scapula movement, inferior movement
Inversion- lifting the medial border of the foot
Eversion- lifting the lateral border of the foot
ROM(transverse) - Answer-Pronation- rotating the hand and wrist medially from the
bone.
Supination- rotating the hand and wrist laterally from the bone
Horizontal adduction- the angle between two joints decrease on the horizontal plane
Horizontal abduction- the angle between two joints increases on the horizontal plane
Rotation- pivoting or twisting on the axis
Hormones of the head and neck - Answer-GnRH(gonadotropin RH)- stimulates anterior
pituitary to release LH and FSH
GHRH(growth hormone RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release GH
GHIH(Growth hormone IH)- inhibits the release of GH from the anterior pituitary
TRH(thyrotropin RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release thyrotropin(TSH)
PRH(prolactin RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release prolactin
PIH(prolactin IH)- inhibits the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary
CRH(corticotropin RH)- stimulate anterior pituitary to release ACTH
Oxytocin- targets the uterus to stimulate contractions, targets the mammary glands for
milk secretion
ADH- targets the kidneys and blood vessels to increase water retention
Pituitary Gland Hormones(anterior) - Answer-TSH(thyroid stimulating hormone)- targets
the thyroid, stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones
ACTH(adrenocorticotropic hormone)- targets the adrenal cortex, stimulates the release
of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
GH(Growth hormone)- targets muscle and bone, stimulates growth
FSH(follicle stimulating hormone)- targets the gonads, stimulates the maturation of
sperm cells and ovarian follicles
LH(Luteinizing hormone)- targets the gonads, stimulates the production of sex
hormones, surge stimulates ovulation in females
PRL(prolactin)- targets the mammary glands, stimulates production of milk
Pituitary gland hormones(posterior) - Answer-Oxytocin(produced in hypothalamus,
stored and released by posterior pituitary)- targets the uterus, stimulates contractions,
targets the mammary glands, stimulates milk secretion
ADH(antidiuretic hormone vasopressin)- targets the kidneys and blood vessels,
increases water retention
PHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE
Mechanoreceptors - Answer-respond to changes in pressure or tension. Meissner's
corpuscles, Merkel's disks, Pacinian corpuscles, and Ruffini endings are
mechanoreceptors.
Chemoreceptors - Answer-olfactory and taste receptors detect the presence of
chemicals
Photoreceptors - Answer-rod and cone cells of the eye respond to light.
Thermoreceptors - Answer-sense both absolute temperature and changes in
temperature
Nociceptors - Answer-detect pain
brain function - Answer-patterns of brain activity
Cranial Nerves - Answer-Olfactory- smell
Optic-sight
Oculomotor- moves the eye up and down, left to right
Trochlear- moves the eye up and down, left to right, and diagonally
Trigeminal- largest of the cranial nerves; chewing, face sensation
Abducens- moves the eye up, down, left, right, and diagonally
Facial- facial expression and anterior two-thirds of the tongue
Vestibulocochlear- sound
Glossopharyngeal- swallowing, saliva, and taste
Vagus- control of the PNS
Accessory- swallowing and movement of the head and neck
Hypoglossal- speech and swallowing; tongue muscles
Neurotransmitters - Answer-Acetylcholine(ACH)- stimulates skeletal muscle
Norepinephrine(NE)- influences mood and sleep patterns
Dopamine- associated with mood, attention, reward system, and movement
Histamine- works with the hypothalamus, promotes wakefulness
Serotonin- many roles- mostly inhibitory. Influences sleep, mood, hunger, arousal
GABA- the major inhibitory neurotransmitter
Glutamate- the major excitatory neurotransmitter
Range of motion(Sagittal) - Answer-Flexion- decrease the angle between two body
parts(bending the elbow)
Extension- increasing the angle between two body parts(straightening the elbow)
, Dorsiflexion( ankle flexion(moving the toes toward the shin)
Plantar flexion- ankle extension( moving the toes toward the ground)
ROM(Frontal) - Answer-Adduction-toward the body
Abduction-away from the midline
Elevation- scapula movement, superior movement
Depression-scapula movement, inferior movement
Inversion- lifting the medial border of the foot
Eversion- lifting the lateral border of the foot
ROM(transverse) - Answer-Pronation- rotating the hand and wrist medially from the
bone.
Supination- rotating the hand and wrist laterally from the bone
Horizontal adduction- the angle between two joints decrease on the horizontal plane
Horizontal abduction- the angle between two joints increases on the horizontal plane
Rotation- pivoting or twisting on the axis
Hormones of the head and neck - Answer-GnRH(gonadotropin RH)- stimulates anterior
pituitary to release LH and FSH
GHRH(growth hormone RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release GH
GHIH(Growth hormone IH)- inhibits the release of GH from the anterior pituitary
TRH(thyrotropin RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release thyrotropin(TSH)
PRH(prolactin RH)- stimulates anterior pituitary to release prolactin
PIH(prolactin IH)- inhibits the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary
CRH(corticotropin RH)- stimulate anterior pituitary to release ACTH
Oxytocin- targets the uterus to stimulate contractions, targets the mammary glands for
milk secretion
ADH- targets the kidneys and blood vessels to increase water retention
Pituitary Gland Hormones(anterior) - Answer-TSH(thyroid stimulating hormone)- targets
the thyroid, stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones
ACTH(adrenocorticotropic hormone)- targets the adrenal cortex, stimulates the release
of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
GH(Growth hormone)- targets muscle and bone, stimulates growth
FSH(follicle stimulating hormone)- targets the gonads, stimulates the maturation of
sperm cells and ovarian follicles
LH(Luteinizing hormone)- targets the gonads, stimulates the production of sex
hormones, surge stimulates ovulation in females
PRL(prolactin)- targets the mammary glands, stimulates production of milk
Pituitary gland hormones(posterior) - Answer-Oxytocin(produced in hypothalamus,
stored and released by posterior pituitary)- targets the uterus, stimulates contractions,
targets the mammary glands, stimulates milk secretion
ADH(antidiuretic hormone vasopressin)- targets the kidneys and blood vessels,
increases water retention
