Praxis 5005 - Earth Science || QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS; GUARANTEED PASS!!
Minerals correct answers Naturally occurring, inorganic crystalline solids with specific
chemical composition
Form from a liquid solution; Crystallization
90% of earth's minerals are silicates - combination of silicon and oxygen
Crystallization correct answers Two Processes: Evaporation and Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis correct answers The changing of existing minerals into a different mineral
because of extreme pressure or heat
Rocks correct answers 3 Types: Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
Igneous rocks correct answers formed when magma or lava cools and crystallizes (hardens).
Can be changed into Metamorphic or Sedimentary rock
2 Classifications - Intrusive (Plutonic) and Extrusive (Volcanic)
ex. basalt, obsidian, and granite
Sedimentary correct answers rocks formed when tiny grains of material are pressed together
over long period of time and joined loosely in a process called LITHIFICATION.
3 Classifications - Chemical, Clastic, Biologic
ex. chalk, limestone, sandstone
Metamorphic rocks correct answers formed under surface of the earth from the change that
occurs due to intense heat and pressure (squeezing).
-changes chemically/structurally
2 Classifications - Foliated (minerals are flatted or aligned into sheets) and Non-foliated
ex. marble, slate, quartzite, schist
3 Rock types can be divided further: correct answers Composition and Texture
Regolith correct answers earth's outer weathered crust
Inner Core correct answers solid metal ball in center of earth 750 miles thick.
LAYERS OF THE EARTH - 3 Composition Zones - CMC correct answers Crust, Mantle,
Core
Crust correct answers outer shell of earth, 20-60 miles thick
2 Types - Basaltic (ocean floor) and Granite
Mantle correct answers out side outer layer. solid rock 2800 km thick.
Core correct answers Composed of Iron and Nickle; 7000 km thick
Convection correct answers movement of liquefied rock towards the surface, and cooler
rocks inward
, 5 Structural Zones - LAMoiC correct answers Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere,
Outer Core, Inner Core
Lithosphere correct answers solid area directly below crust consisting of crust and upper
layer of mantle
Asthenosphere correct answers layer surrounding Mantle of molten rock (weak); moves b/c
of convection currents. The movem't of Lithosphere and Asthenosphere moves continental
plates.
Mesosphere correct answers largest zone; Transfers heat from core to power the process of
convection
Outer Core correct answers layer outside inner core 1400 miles thick of molten (liquid) rock;
responsible for earth's magnetic field
Inner Core correct answers Solid, dense, very hot mixture of iron and nickel
plate tectonics correct answers surface of earth made up of ridged plates that move relative to
each other. Usually lithospheric plates
continental crust correct answers harder land crust
oceanic crust correct answers thinner crust on bottom of ocean (ocean floor)
Isostacy correct answers Describes buoyancy of crust types
3 types of tectonic boundaries correct answers 1.) convergent boundaries
2.) divergent boundaries
3.) transform boundaries (slide past)
subduction correct answers type of convergent boundary when one plate moves under another
plate and sinks into the mantle. Subducted lithosphere is always oceanic.
ex. Mariana Trench in North Pacific Ocean
Transform Fault correct answers are formed perpendicular to the movemt of two divergent
tectonic plates
Folding correct answers Anticlines - rock layers folded into an arch
Syclines - folded layers that sag to form a trough
Earthquakes correct answers
P- Waves correct answers Primary Wave - Longitudinal- travel fast thru solids and slow thru
liquid; refracted
S-waves (Shear) correct answers 2nd Wave -Transverse waves that can only move thru solids
Surface wave correct answers Last wave - slowest but cause the most damage
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS; GUARANTEED PASS!!
Minerals correct answers Naturally occurring, inorganic crystalline solids with specific
chemical composition
Form from a liquid solution; Crystallization
90% of earth's minerals are silicates - combination of silicon and oxygen
Crystallization correct answers Two Processes: Evaporation and Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis correct answers The changing of existing minerals into a different mineral
because of extreme pressure or heat
Rocks correct answers 3 Types: Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
Igneous rocks correct answers formed when magma or lava cools and crystallizes (hardens).
Can be changed into Metamorphic or Sedimentary rock
2 Classifications - Intrusive (Plutonic) and Extrusive (Volcanic)
ex. basalt, obsidian, and granite
Sedimentary correct answers rocks formed when tiny grains of material are pressed together
over long period of time and joined loosely in a process called LITHIFICATION.
3 Classifications - Chemical, Clastic, Biologic
ex. chalk, limestone, sandstone
Metamorphic rocks correct answers formed under surface of the earth from the change that
occurs due to intense heat and pressure (squeezing).
-changes chemically/structurally
2 Classifications - Foliated (minerals are flatted or aligned into sheets) and Non-foliated
ex. marble, slate, quartzite, schist
3 Rock types can be divided further: correct answers Composition and Texture
Regolith correct answers earth's outer weathered crust
Inner Core correct answers solid metal ball in center of earth 750 miles thick.
LAYERS OF THE EARTH - 3 Composition Zones - CMC correct answers Crust, Mantle,
Core
Crust correct answers outer shell of earth, 20-60 miles thick
2 Types - Basaltic (ocean floor) and Granite
Mantle correct answers out side outer layer. solid rock 2800 km thick.
Core correct answers Composed of Iron and Nickle; 7000 km thick
Convection correct answers movement of liquefied rock towards the surface, and cooler
rocks inward
, 5 Structural Zones - LAMoiC correct answers Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere,
Outer Core, Inner Core
Lithosphere correct answers solid area directly below crust consisting of crust and upper
layer of mantle
Asthenosphere correct answers layer surrounding Mantle of molten rock (weak); moves b/c
of convection currents. The movem't of Lithosphere and Asthenosphere moves continental
plates.
Mesosphere correct answers largest zone; Transfers heat from core to power the process of
convection
Outer Core correct answers layer outside inner core 1400 miles thick of molten (liquid) rock;
responsible for earth's magnetic field
Inner Core correct answers Solid, dense, very hot mixture of iron and nickel
plate tectonics correct answers surface of earth made up of ridged plates that move relative to
each other. Usually lithospheric plates
continental crust correct answers harder land crust
oceanic crust correct answers thinner crust on bottom of ocean (ocean floor)
Isostacy correct answers Describes buoyancy of crust types
3 types of tectonic boundaries correct answers 1.) convergent boundaries
2.) divergent boundaries
3.) transform boundaries (slide past)
subduction correct answers type of convergent boundary when one plate moves under another
plate and sinks into the mantle. Subducted lithosphere is always oceanic.
ex. Mariana Trench in North Pacific Ocean
Transform Fault correct answers are formed perpendicular to the movemt of two divergent
tectonic plates
Folding correct answers Anticlines - rock layers folded into an arch
Syclines - folded layers that sag to form a trough
Earthquakes correct answers
P- Waves correct answers Primary Wave - Longitudinal- travel fast thru solids and slow thru
liquid; refracted
S-waves (Shear) correct answers 2nd Wave -Transverse waves that can only move thru solids
Surface wave correct answers Last wave - slowest but cause the most damage
