MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING, 15TH EDITION|BRUNNER &
SUDDARTH'S| EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |ASSURED
PASS!!
1.What is hypermetropia? - ANSWER long sitedness, whereby light ray convergence at a point
after the retina, and therfore out of focus. Nearby objects apphear blurry while distant objects
are clearer
2. what is myopia? - ANSWER near/short sightedness, close is clear, far is blurry
3. conditions associated with myopia? - ANSWER squint- childhood eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel that nourish it
4. What is astigmatism? - ANSWER Failure to converge image at one point on the fovea (likea
refraction rather than focusing)
5.Causes of astigmatism? - ANSWER -Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
6. What is presbyopia? - ANSWER gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects.
It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
,7. Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? - ANSWER S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
8. what is opthalmia neonatorum? - ANSWER chlamydia or gonorrheae infection from infected
birth canal affecting 20-40%
9. What is Episcleritis ? - ANSWER Inflamationof localiased superficial episclera vascular
network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to sever inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated systemic disease)
10. What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis? - ANSWER type 1 hypersensitivity -
seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
11. What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis - ANSWER inner lining of the eyelid swells and
develops small bumps. Known as papillae, these bumps tend to form after chronic irritation
12. what can cause a corneal abbration? - ANSWER Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
11. What can cause corneal ulcer? - ANSWER can be secondary to abrasive trauma, pentrating
injuries or prolonged use of contact lenses
, 13.What are dendritic ulcers? - ANSWER Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is the most
frequent cause of corneal blindness.
- aggressive treatment -
14. Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers? - ANSWER Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
15. Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? - ANSWER - infectious epithelial keratitis
(with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
16. what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis - ANSWER Pain, generally
developing over a few hours or days except in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
17. what are the symptoms of posterior Uveitis? - ANSWER Blurred vision and floaters
Absence of symptoms of anterior uveitis (ie, pain, redness, and photophobia)
All parts of the posterior chamber may be affected, including the retina, choroid and optic
nerve. It can be caused by bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections.
, 18. What are the findings of posterior Uveitis upon opthalmoscopy? - ANSWER posterior uveitis
Showing candle wax drippings (white areas)
19. Anterior uventis is linked to which non infectious diseases? - ANSWER -Ankyolising
spondilitis,
-behcet syndrom (ulcers eye,mouth & genitals),
-IBS,
-Juvenile arthritis, sarcoidosis (Granulomatous disease),
-seronegative arthropathy
20. Anterior uventis is linked to which infectious diseases? - ANSWER HSV, SYphilis, TB &
varicella zoster
21. Intermediate uventis (Cillary body to retina) is linked to which non-infectious disease? -
ANSWER Lymphoma, MS and sarcoidosis
22.Posterior uventis (Retina, retinavvessels) and Panuverntis (iris, cilliary body and choroid
layer) - is linked which non-infectious diseases? - ANSWER Behcets sydrome, lymphoma,
sarcoidosis2
23. Posterior uventis (Retina, retinavvessels) and Panuverntis (iris, cilliary body and choroid
layer) - is linked which infectious diseases? - ANSWER CMV, endogenous encephalitis, syphalis.
TB and varicella zoster
Toxicaris & toxoplasmosis
24. Workup for suspected uveitis? - ANSWER CBC, ESR, Antinuclear antibody (ANA),
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL)
Lyme titer
HLA testing for ankylosing spondylarthroses
SUDDARTH'S| EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |ASSURED
PASS!!
1.What is hypermetropia? - ANSWER long sitedness, whereby light ray convergence at a point
after the retina, and therfore out of focus. Nearby objects apphear blurry while distant objects
are clearer
2. what is myopia? - ANSWER near/short sightedness, close is clear, far is blurry
3. conditions associated with myopia? - ANSWER squint- childhood eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel that nourish it
4. What is astigmatism? - ANSWER Failure to converge image at one point on the fovea (likea
refraction rather than focusing)
5.Causes of astigmatism? - ANSWER -Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
6. What is presbyopia? - ANSWER gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects.
It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
,7. Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? - ANSWER S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
8. what is opthalmia neonatorum? - ANSWER chlamydia or gonorrheae infection from infected
birth canal affecting 20-40%
9. What is Episcleritis ? - ANSWER Inflamationof localiased superficial episclera vascular
network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to sever inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated systemic disease)
10. What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis? - ANSWER type 1 hypersensitivity -
seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
11. What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis - ANSWER inner lining of the eyelid swells and
develops small bumps. Known as papillae, these bumps tend to form after chronic irritation
12. what can cause a corneal abbration? - ANSWER Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
11. What can cause corneal ulcer? - ANSWER can be secondary to abrasive trauma, pentrating
injuries or prolonged use of contact lenses
, 13.What are dendritic ulcers? - ANSWER Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is the most
frequent cause of corneal blindness.
- aggressive treatment -
14. Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers? - ANSWER Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
15. Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? - ANSWER - infectious epithelial keratitis
(with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
16. what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis - ANSWER Pain, generally
developing over a few hours or days except in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
17. what are the symptoms of posterior Uveitis? - ANSWER Blurred vision and floaters
Absence of symptoms of anterior uveitis (ie, pain, redness, and photophobia)
All parts of the posterior chamber may be affected, including the retina, choroid and optic
nerve. It can be caused by bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic infections.
, 18. What are the findings of posterior Uveitis upon opthalmoscopy? - ANSWER posterior uveitis
Showing candle wax drippings (white areas)
19. Anterior uventis is linked to which non infectious diseases? - ANSWER -Ankyolising
spondilitis,
-behcet syndrom (ulcers eye,mouth & genitals),
-IBS,
-Juvenile arthritis, sarcoidosis (Granulomatous disease),
-seronegative arthropathy
20. Anterior uventis is linked to which infectious diseases? - ANSWER HSV, SYphilis, TB &
varicella zoster
21. Intermediate uventis (Cillary body to retina) is linked to which non-infectious disease? -
ANSWER Lymphoma, MS and sarcoidosis
22.Posterior uventis (Retina, retinavvessels) and Panuverntis (iris, cilliary body and choroid
layer) - is linked which non-infectious diseases? - ANSWER Behcets sydrome, lymphoma,
sarcoidosis2
23. Posterior uventis (Retina, retinavvessels) and Panuverntis (iris, cilliary body and choroid
layer) - is linked which infectious diseases? - ANSWER CMV, endogenous encephalitis, syphalis.
TB and varicella zoster
Toxicaris & toxoplasmosis
24. Workup for suspected uveitis? - ANSWER CBC, ESR, Antinuclear antibody (ANA),
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL)
Lyme titer
HLA testing for ankylosing spondylarthroses
