CARDIAC NCLEX QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST VERSION
31) Which of the following parameters is the major determinate of
diastolic blood pressure?
1.Baroreceptors
2.Cardiac output
3.Renal function
4.Vascular resistance -Answer:-4.Vascular resistance
Vascular resistance is the impedance of blood flow by the arterioles
that most predominantly affects the diastolic pressure. Cardiac
output determines systolic blood pressure.
32) Which of the following factors can cause blood pressure to drop
to normal levels?
1.Kidneys' excretion of sodium only
2.Kidneys' retention of sodium and water
3.Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water
4.Kidneys' retention of sodium and excretion of water -Answer:-3.
Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water
,The kidneys respond to a rise in blood pressure by excreting sodium
and excess water. This response ultimately affects systolic pressure
by regulating blood volume.
33) Baroreceptors in the carotid artery walls and aorta respond to
which of the following conditions?
1.Changes in blood pressure
2.Changes in arterial oxygen tension
3.Changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension
4.Changes in heart rate -Answer:-1.Changes in blood pressure
Baroreceptors located in the carotid arteries and aorta sense
pulsatile pressure. Decreases in pulsatile pressure cause a reflex
increase in heart rate. Chemoreceptors in the medulla are primarily
stimulated by carbon dioxide. Peripheral chemoreceptors in the
aorta and carotid arteries are primarily stimulated by oxygen.
34) Which of the following terms describes the force against which
the ventricle must expel blood?
1.Afterload
2.Cardiac output
3.Overload
4.Preload -Answer:-1. Afterload
, Afterload refers to the resistance normally maintained by the aortic
and pulmonic valves, the condition and tone of the aorta, and the
resistance offered by the systemic and pulmonary arterioles. Cardiac
output is the amount of blood expelled from the heart per minute.
Overload refers to an abundance of circulating volume. Preload is
the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole.
35) Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of
stretch on the myocardium at the end of diastole?
1.Afterload
2.Cardiac index
3.Cardiac output
4.Preload -Answer:-4. Preload
Preload is the amount of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the
end of diastole. The volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of
diastole determines the preload. Afterload is the force against which
the ventricle must expel blood. Cardiac index is the individualized
measurement of cardiac output, based on the client's body surface
area. Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart is expelling per
minute.
36) A 57-year-old client with a history of asthma is prescribed
propanolol (Inderal) to control hypertension. Before administered
propranolol, which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
1.Monitor the apical pulse rate
DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST VERSION
31) Which of the following parameters is the major determinate of
diastolic blood pressure?
1.Baroreceptors
2.Cardiac output
3.Renal function
4.Vascular resistance -Answer:-4.Vascular resistance
Vascular resistance is the impedance of blood flow by the arterioles
that most predominantly affects the diastolic pressure. Cardiac
output determines systolic blood pressure.
32) Which of the following factors can cause blood pressure to drop
to normal levels?
1.Kidneys' excretion of sodium only
2.Kidneys' retention of sodium and water
3.Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water
4.Kidneys' retention of sodium and excretion of water -Answer:-3.
Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water
,The kidneys respond to a rise in blood pressure by excreting sodium
and excess water. This response ultimately affects systolic pressure
by regulating blood volume.
33) Baroreceptors in the carotid artery walls and aorta respond to
which of the following conditions?
1.Changes in blood pressure
2.Changes in arterial oxygen tension
3.Changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension
4.Changes in heart rate -Answer:-1.Changes in blood pressure
Baroreceptors located in the carotid arteries and aorta sense
pulsatile pressure. Decreases in pulsatile pressure cause a reflex
increase in heart rate. Chemoreceptors in the medulla are primarily
stimulated by carbon dioxide. Peripheral chemoreceptors in the
aorta and carotid arteries are primarily stimulated by oxygen.
34) Which of the following terms describes the force against which
the ventricle must expel blood?
1.Afterload
2.Cardiac output
3.Overload
4.Preload -Answer:-1. Afterload
, Afterload refers to the resistance normally maintained by the aortic
and pulmonic valves, the condition and tone of the aorta, and the
resistance offered by the systemic and pulmonary arterioles. Cardiac
output is the amount of blood expelled from the heart per minute.
Overload refers to an abundance of circulating volume. Preload is
the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole.
35) Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of
stretch on the myocardium at the end of diastole?
1.Afterload
2.Cardiac index
3.Cardiac output
4.Preload -Answer:-4. Preload
Preload is the amount of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the
end of diastole. The volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of
diastole determines the preload. Afterload is the force against which
the ventricle must expel blood. Cardiac index is the individualized
measurement of cardiac output, based on the client's body surface
area. Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart is expelling per
minute.
36) A 57-year-old client with a history of asthma is prescribed
propanolol (Inderal) to control hypertension. Before administered
propranolol, which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
1.Monitor the apical pulse rate
