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BIOLOGY 152 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
What two points did Darwin make in The Origin of Species? - ANS -Today's organisms
descended from ancestral species
-Natural selection provided mechanism for evolutionary change in populations
What two key philosophers opposed evolution? - ANS Plato and Aristotle
What was the dominant philosophy in the 1700's? - ANS Natural theology
What is natural theology? - ANS Studying nature to understand the mind of God
What did Carolus Linnaeus develop? - ANS Taxonomy
What is taxonomy? - ANS A hierarchical classification system
(binomial nomenclature)--> homo sapien
What are fossils? - ANS Organisms mineralized in sedimentary rock
What is paleontology? - ANS the science of studying fossils
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What theory did Georges Cuvier believe in? - ANS catastrophism
What is catastrophism? - ANS A theory that states the Earth was largely influenced by
catastrophes. Floods, droughts etc. wiped whole species out. New species immigrates in from
outside of catastropher.
What was catastrophism an explanation for? - ANS The increasing dissimilarity of fossils in
the strata from the current species as you go further back in time
What theory did James Hutton believe in? - ANS gradualism
What is gradualism? - ANS The theory that Earth's features are created by gradual
mechanisms such as wind erosion, water erosion, etc. NOT catastrophes
What theory did Charles Lyell believe in? - ANS uniformitarianism
What is uniformitarianism? - ANS The theory that the same mechanisms are operating today
as in the past and are operating at the same rate
What book did Lyell write? - ANS Principles of Geology
Why was Principles of Geology influential to Darwin? - ANS Lyell states as part of his theory
that the Earth must be much older than 6,000 years ---> Darwin's theory of natural selection
needed time for species to evolve
What mechanism of evolution did Jean Baptiste Lamarch propose? - ANS Use and disuse of
parts
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What is the theory of use and disuse of parts? - ANS If a species heavily uses a bodily part, it
will become more prominent, disused parts deteriorate during lifetime of individual
Ex: Bodybuilder gets stronger, larger muscles throughout life
What is the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics? - ANS Changes acquired
throughout a species lifetime are inherited by offspring
Ex: Bodybuilder has babies w/ larger muscles, giraffe get longer necks from straining for leaves--
>baby giraffes w/ longer necks
Was Lamarck correct? - ANS lol no but good try phenotypes can't be inherited
Why did Charles Darwin enroll at Cambridge to become a clergyman? - ANS So he could
continue his quiet life of studying insects and pigeons
Why did Darwin join the survey ship Beagle? - ANS As a conversation companion/naturalist
to Captain Robert Fitzroy
Where did Darwin travel on the Beagle that was very influential to his theories - ANS The
Galapagos islands
What did Darwin notice during his journey on the Beagle? - ANS Regional similarities among
species both living and fossils
What is an endemic species? - ANS A species that lives nowhere else in the world
ex: a species found only on the Galapagos islands
What is regional similarity? - ANS A species of a certain climate (temperate) will more closely
resemble nearby species belonging to different climate (arctic, tropical etc.) in the same region
than species of a similar similar climate from a different region Ex: Temperate species of South
America resemble tropic species of South America more so than temperate species of Europe
BIOLOGY 152 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
What two points did Darwin make in The Origin of Species? - ANS -Today's organisms
descended from ancestral species
-Natural selection provided mechanism for evolutionary change in populations
What two key philosophers opposed evolution? - ANS Plato and Aristotle
What was the dominant philosophy in the 1700's? - ANS Natural theology
What is natural theology? - ANS Studying nature to understand the mind of God
What did Carolus Linnaeus develop? - ANS Taxonomy
What is taxonomy? - ANS A hierarchical classification system
(binomial nomenclature)--> homo sapien
What are fossils? - ANS Organisms mineralized in sedimentary rock
What is paleontology? - ANS the science of studying fossils
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What theory did Georges Cuvier believe in? - ANS catastrophism
What is catastrophism? - ANS A theory that states the Earth was largely influenced by
catastrophes. Floods, droughts etc. wiped whole species out. New species immigrates in from
outside of catastropher.
What was catastrophism an explanation for? - ANS The increasing dissimilarity of fossils in
the strata from the current species as you go further back in time
What theory did James Hutton believe in? - ANS gradualism
What is gradualism? - ANS The theory that Earth's features are created by gradual
mechanisms such as wind erosion, water erosion, etc. NOT catastrophes
What theory did Charles Lyell believe in? - ANS uniformitarianism
What is uniformitarianism? - ANS The theory that the same mechanisms are operating today
as in the past and are operating at the same rate
What book did Lyell write? - ANS Principles of Geology
Why was Principles of Geology influential to Darwin? - ANS Lyell states as part of his theory
that the Earth must be much older than 6,000 years ---> Darwin's theory of natural selection
needed time for species to evolve
What mechanism of evolution did Jean Baptiste Lamarch propose? - ANS Use and disuse of
parts
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What is the theory of use and disuse of parts? - ANS If a species heavily uses a bodily part, it
will become more prominent, disused parts deteriorate during lifetime of individual
Ex: Bodybuilder gets stronger, larger muscles throughout life
What is the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics? - ANS Changes acquired
throughout a species lifetime are inherited by offspring
Ex: Bodybuilder has babies w/ larger muscles, giraffe get longer necks from straining for leaves--
>baby giraffes w/ longer necks
Was Lamarck correct? - ANS lol no but good try phenotypes can't be inherited
Why did Charles Darwin enroll at Cambridge to become a clergyman? - ANS So he could
continue his quiet life of studying insects and pigeons
Why did Darwin join the survey ship Beagle? - ANS As a conversation companion/naturalist
to Captain Robert Fitzroy
Where did Darwin travel on the Beagle that was very influential to his theories - ANS The
Galapagos islands
What did Darwin notice during his journey on the Beagle? - ANS Regional similarities among
species both living and fossils
What is an endemic species? - ANS A species that lives nowhere else in the world
ex: a species found only on the Galapagos islands
What is regional similarity? - ANS A species of a certain climate (temperate) will more closely
resemble nearby species belonging to different climate (arctic, tropical etc.) in the same region
than species of a similar similar climate from a different region Ex: Temperate species of South
America resemble tropic species of South America more so than temperate species of Europe
