ENDOCRINE SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE-
A&P EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
oxytocin - ANSWER-hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland before and
after delivering a baby; produced in the hypothalamus.
progesterone - ANSWER-produced by ovary cells and are responsible for maturation
of female reproductive organs & regulation of menstrual cycle.
sella turcica - ANSWER-small depression of the sphenoid bone that contains the
pituitary gland
sperm - ANSWER-the male spermatozoon; sex cell
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) - ANSWER-a tropic hormone secreted by the
anterior pituitary gland that stimulated the thyroid gland to increase its secretion of
the thyroid hormone. The hormone is amino-acid based but acts like a steroid base.
thyroxin T4 - ANSWER-thyroid hormone that stimulated cellular metabolism
triiodothyronine T3 - ANSWER-thyroid hormone that stimulated cellular metabolism
Anterior Pituitary - ANSWER-produces 6 major hormones Ex.: GH, PRL, FSH, LH,
TSH, ACTH
Hormones - ANSWER-chemical messengers released to the blood by the cells of
endocrine glands that regulate the metabolic activities of other cells in the body.
They signal target cells to perform specific chemical reactions.
Lipid Hormones - ANSWER-synthesized from cholesterol; steroids are fat soluble
and can pass through the phospholipid bilayer (receptor site is inside the cell).
Growth Hormone (GH) - ANSWER-stimulates cell division in most cells ( major
targets are bones and skeletal muscles).
Prolactin (PRL) - ANSWER-stimulates milk production by mammary glands of
breasts
Posterior Pituitary - ANSWER-receives and stores hormones from the hypothalamus
for later release
Ex: Oxytocin & ADH
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ANSWER-produced by supraoptic nucleus of
hypothalamus; stimulates kidney tubules to retain water.
* Deficiency of ADH secretion leads to diabetes insipidus
A&P EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
oxytocin - ANSWER-hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland before and
after delivering a baby; produced in the hypothalamus.
progesterone - ANSWER-produced by ovary cells and are responsible for maturation
of female reproductive organs & regulation of menstrual cycle.
sella turcica - ANSWER-small depression of the sphenoid bone that contains the
pituitary gland
sperm - ANSWER-the male spermatozoon; sex cell
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) - ANSWER-a tropic hormone secreted by the
anterior pituitary gland that stimulated the thyroid gland to increase its secretion of
the thyroid hormone. The hormone is amino-acid based but acts like a steroid base.
thyroxin T4 - ANSWER-thyroid hormone that stimulated cellular metabolism
triiodothyronine T3 - ANSWER-thyroid hormone that stimulated cellular metabolism
Anterior Pituitary - ANSWER-produces 6 major hormones Ex.: GH, PRL, FSH, LH,
TSH, ACTH
Hormones - ANSWER-chemical messengers released to the blood by the cells of
endocrine glands that regulate the metabolic activities of other cells in the body.
They signal target cells to perform specific chemical reactions.
Lipid Hormones - ANSWER-synthesized from cholesterol; steroids are fat soluble
and can pass through the phospholipid bilayer (receptor site is inside the cell).
Growth Hormone (GH) - ANSWER-stimulates cell division in most cells ( major
targets are bones and skeletal muscles).
Prolactin (PRL) - ANSWER-stimulates milk production by mammary glands of
breasts
Posterior Pituitary - ANSWER-receives and stores hormones from the hypothalamus
for later release
Ex: Oxytocin & ADH
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ANSWER-produced by supraoptic nucleus of
hypothalamus; stimulates kidney tubules to retain water.
* Deficiency of ADH secretion leads to diabetes insipidus
