PN 2005 Drugs UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Midazolam - CORRECT ANSWER - May potentiate the effects of GABA, depress the
central nervous system, and suppress the spread of seizure activity.
Morphine - CORRECT ANSWER - Uknown. Binds with opioid receptors in the central
feverous system, altering perceptions of and emotional response to pain.
Naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER - May displace opioid analgesics from their receptors
(competitive antagonism); drug has no pharmacologic activity of its own.
Nitrofurantoin - CORRECT ANSWER - May interfere with bacterial enzymes systems
and bacterial cell-wall formation.
Nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWER - Reduces cardiac oxygen demand by decreasing
left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (preload) and, to a lesser extent, systemic vascular
resistance (afterload). Also increases blood flow through the collateral coronary vessels.
Nystatin - CORRECT ANSWER - Probably binds to sterols in fungal cell membrane,
altering cell permeability and allowing leakage of intercellular components.
Omeprazole - CORRECT ANSWER - Inhibits proton pump activity by binding to
hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, located at secretory surface of gastric parietal
cells, to suppress gastric acid secretion.
Oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWER - Cause potent and selective stimulation of uterine and
mammary gland smooth muscles.
, Dilantin - Phenytoin - CORRECT ANSWER - May stabilize neuronal membranes and
limit seizure activity either by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell
membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses.
Phenobarbital - CORRECT ANSWER - Increases the amount of time chloride channels
are open which in turn depresses the central nervous system. Done by acting on GABA-A
receptor subunits.
Potassium Acetate/Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Replaces potassium and maintains
potassium levels
Prednisone - CORRECT ANSWER - Not clearly defined. Decreases inflammation, mainly
by stabilizing leukocyte lysosomal membranes; suppresses immune response; stimulates bone
marrow; and influences protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.
Propranolol Hydrochloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Reduces cardio oxygen demand by
blocking catecholamine-induced increases in HR, BP and force of myocardial contraction. Drug
depresses renin secretion and prevents vasodilation of cerebral arteries.
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Acts on alpha-adrenergic
receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, producing vasoconstriction.
Psyllium (Metamucil) - CORRECT ANSWER - mucilage is to absorb excess water while
stimulating normal bowel elimination
Quetiapine Fumarate - CORRECT ANSWER - Blocks dopamine and serotonin 5-HT2a
receptors. Its action may be mediated through this antagonism.
Altace - Ramipril - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents conversion of angiotensin 1 to
angiotensin 2, a potent vasoconstrictor. Less angiotensin 2 decrease peripheral arterial resistance,
decreasing aldosterone secretion, which reduces sodium and water retention and lowers blood
pressure.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Midazolam - CORRECT ANSWER - May potentiate the effects of GABA, depress the
central nervous system, and suppress the spread of seizure activity.
Morphine - CORRECT ANSWER - Uknown. Binds with opioid receptors in the central
feverous system, altering perceptions of and emotional response to pain.
Naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER - May displace opioid analgesics from their receptors
(competitive antagonism); drug has no pharmacologic activity of its own.
Nitrofurantoin - CORRECT ANSWER - May interfere with bacterial enzymes systems
and bacterial cell-wall formation.
Nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWER - Reduces cardiac oxygen demand by decreasing
left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (preload) and, to a lesser extent, systemic vascular
resistance (afterload). Also increases blood flow through the collateral coronary vessels.
Nystatin - CORRECT ANSWER - Probably binds to sterols in fungal cell membrane,
altering cell permeability and allowing leakage of intercellular components.
Omeprazole - CORRECT ANSWER - Inhibits proton pump activity by binding to
hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, located at secretory surface of gastric parietal
cells, to suppress gastric acid secretion.
Oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWER - Cause potent and selective stimulation of uterine and
mammary gland smooth muscles.
, Dilantin - Phenytoin - CORRECT ANSWER - May stabilize neuronal membranes and
limit seizure activity either by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell
membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses.
Phenobarbital - CORRECT ANSWER - Increases the amount of time chloride channels
are open which in turn depresses the central nervous system. Done by acting on GABA-A
receptor subunits.
Potassium Acetate/Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Replaces potassium and maintains
potassium levels
Prednisone - CORRECT ANSWER - Not clearly defined. Decreases inflammation, mainly
by stabilizing leukocyte lysosomal membranes; suppresses immune response; stimulates bone
marrow; and influences protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.
Propranolol Hydrochloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Reduces cardio oxygen demand by
blocking catecholamine-induced increases in HR, BP and force of myocardial contraction. Drug
depresses renin secretion and prevents vasodilation of cerebral arteries.
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride - CORRECT ANSWER - Acts on alpha-adrenergic
receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, producing vasoconstriction.
Psyllium (Metamucil) - CORRECT ANSWER - mucilage is to absorb excess water while
stimulating normal bowel elimination
Quetiapine Fumarate - CORRECT ANSWER - Blocks dopamine and serotonin 5-HT2a
receptors. Its action may be mediated through this antagonism.
Altace - Ramipril - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents conversion of angiotensin 1 to
angiotensin 2, a potent vasoconstrictor. Less angiotensin 2 decrease peripheral arterial resistance,
decreasing aldosterone secretion, which reduces sodium and water retention and lowers blood
pressure.
