Corrections Exam 2 Questions with
Verified Solutions
closed systems - ANSWER-prison systems that consist of only the internal environment,
under the direct control of the warden, and without much interest or any interference
from external groups.
open systems - ANSWER-prison systems that have frequent interactions between the
organization and other groups, in order to obtain resources, gain support, and
accomplish goals.
chain of command - ANSWER-the vertical hierarchy in an organization, identified in
terms of authority, and the order through which persons receive directives from the
person immediately above them and pass these directives to the person immediately
below them.
warden - ANSWER-the chief executive officer of a prison, responsible for the day-to-day
operations.
transactional leaders - ANSWER-traditional authorities within an organization who were
involved in exchange relationships between leaders and followers; they provided
answers and direction for any issue the agency confronted.
transformal leaders - ANSWER-organizational leadership based on principles, while
motivating staff to jointly address challenges and find solutions to new problems.
correctional officer - ANSWER-staff person in a prison or jail who accomplishes the
institution's mission by maintaining control and order within the prison.
post orders - ANSWER-the detailed description of the activities that are required to be
performed throughout the day, often including the time of day they are to occur.
uniformed staff - ANSWER-those prison or jail staff members who work in the security
or custody department and are responsible for the implementation of security policies
and procedures.
professional staff - ANSWER-prison or jail staff members in a specialty area that
requires distinctive training and education and may also require a professional
certification to deliver a program
, management culture - ANSWER-a culture based on the way prison leadership deals
and communicates with subordinate staff; it falls into a continuum between autocratic
and empowered.
relationship culture - ANSWER-a culture based on how staff members view and
communicate with inmates; it falls into a continuum between authoritarian and
reasoned.
BFOQ` - ANSWER-a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the
operation of that particular business that may allow for some discriminatory practices to
occur.
Dothard v. Rawlinson - ANSWER-1977 Supreme Court case regarding a woman who
was denied a position as a correctional officer in an Alabama male prison; the Court
ruled that a BFOQ against women correctional officers was allowable because of the
deplorable conditions of the Alabama prisons and the presence of predatory male sex
offenders as inmates.
Gunter v. Iowa - ANSWER-1979 case in the US District Court in which the court
determined that inmate privacy was not a valid reason to refuse to hire women as
correctional officers; the decision eliminated the major support used for the BFOQ by
states in not hiring female correctional officers.
gaol - ANSWER-an early English term for a jail
jails - ANSWER-locally operated correctional facilities that confine persons before or
after adjudification
lockup - ANSWER-refers to a small jail with only a few cells and no accommodations for
food services, medical care, or recreation.
sheriff - ANSWER-the elected official who oversees both policing activities within the
county and operation of the jail
regional jail - ANSWER-a jail that serves more than one county and is overseen by a
regional jail commission.
incarceration rate - ANSWER-# of persons per 100,000 who are in jail or prison.
length of stay - ANSWER-the time served in a jail or prison by any inmate
objective classification systems - ANSWER-statistical approaches to consider the risk of
escape and violence by inmates
Verified Solutions
closed systems - ANSWER-prison systems that consist of only the internal environment,
under the direct control of the warden, and without much interest or any interference
from external groups.
open systems - ANSWER-prison systems that have frequent interactions between the
organization and other groups, in order to obtain resources, gain support, and
accomplish goals.
chain of command - ANSWER-the vertical hierarchy in an organization, identified in
terms of authority, and the order through which persons receive directives from the
person immediately above them and pass these directives to the person immediately
below them.
warden - ANSWER-the chief executive officer of a prison, responsible for the day-to-day
operations.
transactional leaders - ANSWER-traditional authorities within an organization who were
involved in exchange relationships between leaders and followers; they provided
answers and direction for any issue the agency confronted.
transformal leaders - ANSWER-organizational leadership based on principles, while
motivating staff to jointly address challenges and find solutions to new problems.
correctional officer - ANSWER-staff person in a prison or jail who accomplishes the
institution's mission by maintaining control and order within the prison.
post orders - ANSWER-the detailed description of the activities that are required to be
performed throughout the day, often including the time of day they are to occur.
uniformed staff - ANSWER-those prison or jail staff members who work in the security
or custody department and are responsible for the implementation of security policies
and procedures.
professional staff - ANSWER-prison or jail staff members in a specialty area that
requires distinctive training and education and may also require a professional
certification to deliver a program
, management culture - ANSWER-a culture based on the way prison leadership deals
and communicates with subordinate staff; it falls into a continuum between autocratic
and empowered.
relationship culture - ANSWER-a culture based on how staff members view and
communicate with inmates; it falls into a continuum between authoritarian and
reasoned.
BFOQ` - ANSWER-a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the
operation of that particular business that may allow for some discriminatory practices to
occur.
Dothard v. Rawlinson - ANSWER-1977 Supreme Court case regarding a woman who
was denied a position as a correctional officer in an Alabama male prison; the Court
ruled that a BFOQ against women correctional officers was allowable because of the
deplorable conditions of the Alabama prisons and the presence of predatory male sex
offenders as inmates.
Gunter v. Iowa - ANSWER-1979 case in the US District Court in which the court
determined that inmate privacy was not a valid reason to refuse to hire women as
correctional officers; the decision eliminated the major support used for the BFOQ by
states in not hiring female correctional officers.
gaol - ANSWER-an early English term for a jail
jails - ANSWER-locally operated correctional facilities that confine persons before or
after adjudification
lockup - ANSWER-refers to a small jail with only a few cells and no accommodations for
food services, medical care, or recreation.
sheriff - ANSWER-the elected official who oversees both policing activities within the
county and operation of the jail
regional jail - ANSWER-a jail that serves more than one county and is overseen by a
regional jail commission.
incarceration rate - ANSWER-# of persons per 100,000 who are in jail or prison.
length of stay - ANSWER-the time served in a jail or prison by any inmate
objective classification systems - ANSWER-statistical approaches to consider the risk of
escape and violence by inmates
