PSYCH 110 Exam 1 CSUF(Completely solved)
the definition of hereditarianism correct answers a belief that moral and intellectual differences
are mainly determined by genetic factors
the "science" of manipulation: John Watson's behaviorist principles and advertising correct
answers -focus on tugging at the emotional strings of consumers
-consumers' misconception that they are immune to manipulation of ads makes them more
vulnerable
-more exposure makes it more effective over time
critical thinking definition correct answers the process by which claims and arguments are tested
to determine which have merit and which don't
the difference between the brain and the mind correct answers brain-physical
mind-metaphysical (abstract)
Thinking vs. Feeling
(Feeling) correct answers -occurs spontaneously and is automatic
-feelings might cause one to think about an issue or take actions
Thinking vs. Feeling
(Thinking) correct answers -can be incorrect
-the breakdown into 3 categories:
---reflective
---creative
---critical
(becoming an individual)
critical thinkers need characteristics such as: correct answers - open-mindedness
-fair-mindedness
-a skeptical attitude toward unsupported claims
-asking probing questions
steps to critical thinking correct answers -Knowledge (acquiring info/investigating)
-Comprehension (understand/personally meaningful)
-Application (apply/put into practice)
-Analysis (analyzing/breaking down info from 1st to 3rd step/ connecting it with other ideas)
-Evaluation (judgement or conclusion)
is intuition a consequence of thinking? correct answers -breakthrough ideas favor trained, active
minds
-some intuitions can also be mistakes
-difficult to assess the quality of an intuition because we tend to forget the ones that actually
were mistakes
different theories of self-esteem correct answers -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
, -victor frank's theory of self-transcendence
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs correct answers -self-esteem needs need to be met before meeting
the need for achievement
pyramid:
5 - physiological needs
4 -safety
3 - social
2 - esteem
1 - self-actualization
Victor frank's theory of self-transcendence correct answers -humans should rise above narrow
absorption with self
-focus should be on serving the society
Intuition definition correct answers immediate perception or comprehension of something
misconceptions about critical thinkers: correct answers -sufficient to support beliefs with reason
-never imitate others I thought or action
-always have the right answers
-one has to be born a critical thinker, cannot be learned
the importance of whys: correct answers -help find answers
-reasons/ explanations that give our beliefs and opinions credibility
-help us to understand ourselves and the world around us
-help to bring us closer to the truth
Thomas Kuhn's paradigms correct answers -science advances only by recognizing and dealing
with anomalies
definition of anomalies correct answers -phenomena that doesn't seem to obey known laws
definition of paradigm correct answers theoretical framework that determines what questions are
worth asking and what methods should be used to answer them
Paradigm shift: correct answers - change from one way of thinking to another
-a revolution, a transformation that's driven by agents of change
---example:
---printing press
necessary truths examples: correct answers - 2+2=4
- blue is a color
necessary falsehoods: correct answers - 2+2=5
- blue is not a color
the definition of hereditarianism correct answers a belief that moral and intellectual differences
are mainly determined by genetic factors
the "science" of manipulation: John Watson's behaviorist principles and advertising correct
answers -focus on tugging at the emotional strings of consumers
-consumers' misconception that they are immune to manipulation of ads makes them more
vulnerable
-more exposure makes it more effective over time
critical thinking definition correct answers the process by which claims and arguments are tested
to determine which have merit and which don't
the difference between the brain and the mind correct answers brain-physical
mind-metaphysical (abstract)
Thinking vs. Feeling
(Feeling) correct answers -occurs spontaneously and is automatic
-feelings might cause one to think about an issue or take actions
Thinking vs. Feeling
(Thinking) correct answers -can be incorrect
-the breakdown into 3 categories:
---reflective
---creative
---critical
(becoming an individual)
critical thinkers need characteristics such as: correct answers - open-mindedness
-fair-mindedness
-a skeptical attitude toward unsupported claims
-asking probing questions
steps to critical thinking correct answers -Knowledge (acquiring info/investigating)
-Comprehension (understand/personally meaningful)
-Application (apply/put into practice)
-Analysis (analyzing/breaking down info from 1st to 3rd step/ connecting it with other ideas)
-Evaluation (judgement or conclusion)
is intuition a consequence of thinking? correct answers -breakthrough ideas favor trained, active
minds
-some intuitions can also be mistakes
-difficult to assess the quality of an intuition because we tend to forget the ones that actually
were mistakes
different theories of self-esteem correct answers -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
, -victor frank's theory of self-transcendence
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs correct answers -self-esteem needs need to be met before meeting
the need for achievement
pyramid:
5 - physiological needs
4 -safety
3 - social
2 - esteem
1 - self-actualization
Victor frank's theory of self-transcendence correct answers -humans should rise above narrow
absorption with self
-focus should be on serving the society
Intuition definition correct answers immediate perception or comprehension of something
misconceptions about critical thinkers: correct answers -sufficient to support beliefs with reason
-never imitate others I thought or action
-always have the right answers
-one has to be born a critical thinker, cannot be learned
the importance of whys: correct answers -help find answers
-reasons/ explanations that give our beliefs and opinions credibility
-help us to understand ourselves and the world around us
-help to bring us closer to the truth
Thomas Kuhn's paradigms correct answers -science advances only by recognizing and dealing
with anomalies
definition of anomalies correct answers -phenomena that doesn't seem to obey known laws
definition of paradigm correct answers theoretical framework that determines what questions are
worth asking and what methods should be used to answer them
Paradigm shift: correct answers - change from one way of thinking to another
-a revolution, a transformation that's driven by agents of change
---example:
---printing press
necessary truths examples: correct answers - 2+2=4
- blue is a color
necessary falsehoods: correct answers - 2+2=5
- blue is not a color
