PSY 255: Week 6(100% Verified)
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders correct answers A group of overlapping disorders
listed in the DSM-5 that involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and/or repetitive behaviors
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) correct answers Characterized by the tendency to
experience intrusive and unwanted thoughts and urges (obsession) and/or the need to engage in
repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) in response to the unwanted thoughts and urges
Obsessions correct answers "persistent, unintentional, and unwanted thoughts and urges that are
highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing"
Compulsions correct answers "repetitive and ritualistic acts that are typically carried out
primarily as a means to minimize the distress that obsessions trigger or to reduce the likelihood
of a feared event"
Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion?
-Thoughts of harming a neighbor
-Mentally counting backward from 1,000
-Persistent fear of germs
-Falsely believing that a spouse has been cheating correct answers Mentally counting backward
from 1,000
Concordance rate correct answers The probability that a person, usually a twin or family
member, will show symptoms if another has the disorder
Orbitofrontal cortex correct answers "An area of the frontal lobe involved in learning and
decision-making", believed to play a critical role in OCD
Which cortex is associated with body dysmorphic disorder? correct answers Prefrontal cortex
Which cortex is associated with hoarding disorder? correct answers Anterior cingulate cortex
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections
(PANDAS) correct answers Cause for OCD; strep triggers a misdirected immune response and
results in inflammation on a child's brain, usually have sudden symptoms followed by slow
improvement
Research suggests that one of the main causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder is due to...
correct answers a genetic component.
What are some treatment options for OCD? correct answers SSRIs, CBT, exposure and response
prevention (EX/RP)
Criteria for diagnosing OCD correct answers -The obsessions and compulsions are time-
consuming and/or cause significant impairment in important areas of function (social,
occupational, etc.)
, -Symptoms are not caused by psychological effects of a substance or another medical condition
-Symptoms are not better explained by those of another mental disorder
-Good insight into compulsions but continue them anyway, or delusional beliefs
Research indicates that the symptoms of OCD... correct answers are related to hyperactivity in
the orbitofrontal cortex.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) correct answers Involves an excessive preoccupation with an
imagined defect in physical appearance
Things that may cause BDD (5) correct answers -Low serotonin
-OCD
-GAD
-Childhood abuse or trauma
-Family history
-Insecure attachment to a parent figure
-Cognitive deficits in ACC
Gender dysphoria (GD) correct answers The distress a person feels due to a mismatch between
gender identity and sex assigned at birth
What are some treatments for BDD? correct answers SSRIs and CBT
Hoarding disorder (HD) or pathological collecting correct answers Persistent difficulty in parting
with possessions, regardless of their actual value or usefulness
As is the case for most mental health disorders, the underlying cause has yet to be proven;
however, it is thought that there is a strong _______ component to HD. correct answers genetic
What are some treatments for HD? correct answers Monoamine reuptake inhibitors have been
successful in some clinical studies, and serotonergic antidepressants such as SSRIs or the
tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine work when HD is comorbid with OCD; CBT**,
motivational interviewing, harm reduction, group CBT
Though researchers don't know the exact cause for HD, what we do know, regarding its
development, is that the disorder: correct answers increases in prevalence and severity with age.
Trichotillomania (TTM) correct answers Also known as hairpulling disorder or compulsive
hairpulling; a psychological disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in pulling
one's hair out, can be unconscious or "automatic" or conscious or "focused"
Friar Tuck correct answers Classic presentation of TTM, vertex and crown alopecia
Possible etiology of TTM correct answers Dysfunction of pathways involved in affect regulation,
behavioral control, and cognition, hormones
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders correct answers A group of overlapping disorders
listed in the DSM-5 that involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and/or repetitive behaviors
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) correct answers Characterized by the tendency to
experience intrusive and unwanted thoughts and urges (obsession) and/or the need to engage in
repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) in response to the unwanted thoughts and urges
Obsessions correct answers "persistent, unintentional, and unwanted thoughts and urges that are
highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing"
Compulsions correct answers "repetitive and ritualistic acts that are typically carried out
primarily as a means to minimize the distress that obsessions trigger or to reduce the likelihood
of a feared event"
Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion?
-Thoughts of harming a neighbor
-Mentally counting backward from 1,000
-Persistent fear of germs
-Falsely believing that a spouse has been cheating correct answers Mentally counting backward
from 1,000
Concordance rate correct answers The probability that a person, usually a twin or family
member, will show symptoms if another has the disorder
Orbitofrontal cortex correct answers "An area of the frontal lobe involved in learning and
decision-making", believed to play a critical role in OCD
Which cortex is associated with body dysmorphic disorder? correct answers Prefrontal cortex
Which cortex is associated with hoarding disorder? correct answers Anterior cingulate cortex
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections
(PANDAS) correct answers Cause for OCD; strep triggers a misdirected immune response and
results in inflammation on a child's brain, usually have sudden symptoms followed by slow
improvement
Research suggests that one of the main causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder is due to...
correct answers a genetic component.
What are some treatment options for OCD? correct answers SSRIs, CBT, exposure and response
prevention (EX/RP)
Criteria for diagnosing OCD correct answers -The obsessions and compulsions are time-
consuming and/or cause significant impairment in important areas of function (social,
occupational, etc.)
, -Symptoms are not caused by psychological effects of a substance or another medical condition
-Symptoms are not better explained by those of another mental disorder
-Good insight into compulsions but continue them anyway, or delusional beliefs
Research indicates that the symptoms of OCD... correct answers are related to hyperactivity in
the orbitofrontal cortex.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) correct answers Involves an excessive preoccupation with an
imagined defect in physical appearance
Things that may cause BDD (5) correct answers -Low serotonin
-OCD
-GAD
-Childhood abuse or trauma
-Family history
-Insecure attachment to a parent figure
-Cognitive deficits in ACC
Gender dysphoria (GD) correct answers The distress a person feels due to a mismatch between
gender identity and sex assigned at birth
What are some treatments for BDD? correct answers SSRIs and CBT
Hoarding disorder (HD) or pathological collecting correct answers Persistent difficulty in parting
with possessions, regardless of their actual value or usefulness
As is the case for most mental health disorders, the underlying cause has yet to be proven;
however, it is thought that there is a strong _______ component to HD. correct answers genetic
What are some treatments for HD? correct answers Monoamine reuptake inhibitors have been
successful in some clinical studies, and serotonergic antidepressants such as SSRIs or the
tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine work when HD is comorbid with OCD; CBT**,
motivational interviewing, harm reduction, group CBT
Though researchers don't know the exact cause for HD, what we do know, regarding its
development, is that the disorder: correct answers increases in prevalence and severity with age.
Trichotillomania (TTM) correct answers Also known as hairpulling disorder or compulsive
hairpulling; a psychological disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in pulling
one's hair out, can be unconscious or "automatic" or conscious or "focused"
Friar Tuck correct answers Classic presentation of TTM, vertex and crown alopecia
Possible etiology of TTM correct answers Dysfunction of pathways involved in affect regulation,
behavioral control, and cognition, hormones
