FTCE NAVA ED COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Misconceptions - ✔✔A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty
thinking or understanding.
✔✔Interdisciplinary activities - ✔✔Combining two or more academic disciplines into one
activity. This promotes real-world application of subject matter because it integrates
learning by drawing knowledge from several content areas.
✔✔Higher order thinking - ✔✔Critical thinking skills that exist at the higher level of
Bloom's Taxonomy (analyze, apply, create).
✔✔Relevant and comprehensible instruction - ✔✔Clear, coherent, and understandable.
Teacher uses a logical order that is student-centered (background knowledge).
✔✔Higher order thinking questions - ✔✔Usually start with the words why or how.
✔✔Analyzing data - ✔✔Teachers consult multiple sources of information/data to make
the most informed decision when planning further instruction.
✔✔Grade level equivalency (GLE) - ✔✔Match school grades (K12+). They are
assigned decimal place values to pinpoint reading level. For example, a 7th grader with
a (6.8) is performing slightly below grade level (.0 to .9).
✔✔Box and whisker plot - ✔✔A graph that displays the highest and lowest quarters of
data as whiskers, the middle (median) is where students are considered proficient.
✔✔Assessment sequence - ✔✔"Ongoing" to drive instructional decisions. NEVER use
multiple choice.
1.) Diagnostic (pre-assessment)
2.) Formative Assessments (ongoing - targeted interventions)
3.) Summative Assessment (measure outcomes and make decisions moving forward.
Where strategies and interventions impactful?)
✔✔Assessment tools - ✔✔Used to monitor student progress, achievement, and learning
gains (test, rubric, survey, etc).
✔✔Progress Monitoring - ✔✔Diagnostic, Formative, Summative, Performance-Based,
Portfolio (student work samples, self-evaluations/reflections), Criterion-Reference
(FSA), Norm-Reference (NAEP, percentile), Screening (place students at grade level).
, ✔✔Rubrics - ✔✔Evaluation tool or set of guidelines used to promote the consistent
application of learning expectations, learning objectives, or learning standards (before,
during, and after).
✔✔Item analysis - ✔✔A process which examines student responses to individual test
items (questions) to determine the quality of the items, the quality of the test as a whole,
or the quality of the instruction for the skills on the test. Checks if a test is reliable and
valid.
✔✔Test success - ✔✔Teachers teach the skills necessary to succeed on the tests, NOT
strategies to beat the test.
✔✔ESE testing accommodations - ✔✔1.) Flexible presentation: Oral or sign language.
2.) Flexible responding: Dictate answers or speech-to-text technology.
3.) Flexible Setting: Given test in short intervals, given test in separate testing room, or
extended time.
4.) Assistive devices and tools: Alternative keyboards, joysticks, touch screens, head
control systems).
Always consult IEP.
✔✔ELL testing accommodations - ✔✔1.) Flexible setting: Separate room with ESOL
teacher.
2.) Flexible scheduling: Additional time.
3.) Assistance in native language: ESOL teacher gives directions.
4.) Approved dictionary: English-to-heritage language dictionary.
Always consult IEP.
✔✔Stakeholders - ✔✔People who are invested in the success of the school and its
students (students, parents, teachers, administrators, community members, and
business owners). Usually communicate student assessment data from state testing
(Levels 1-5).
✔✔Raw score - ✔✔Number of questions a student gets correct on the exam. They help
determine specific academic strengths and weaknesses.
✔✔Scale Score - ✔✔This is a linear transformation to indicate how a student faired on
the test overall. Used to create a base scale for equating purposes. They're effective for
general understanding of student achievement, NOT for specific needs.
✔✔Percentile Rank - ✔✔How well a student performed in comparison to other students
who took the same test. It simply compares a student to a much larger group of
students to compare performances. It doesn't reflect how well an individual student
scored or what they know.
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Misconceptions - ✔✔A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty
thinking or understanding.
✔✔Interdisciplinary activities - ✔✔Combining two or more academic disciplines into one
activity. This promotes real-world application of subject matter because it integrates
learning by drawing knowledge from several content areas.
✔✔Higher order thinking - ✔✔Critical thinking skills that exist at the higher level of
Bloom's Taxonomy (analyze, apply, create).
✔✔Relevant and comprehensible instruction - ✔✔Clear, coherent, and understandable.
Teacher uses a logical order that is student-centered (background knowledge).
✔✔Higher order thinking questions - ✔✔Usually start with the words why or how.
✔✔Analyzing data - ✔✔Teachers consult multiple sources of information/data to make
the most informed decision when planning further instruction.
✔✔Grade level equivalency (GLE) - ✔✔Match school grades (K12+). They are
assigned decimal place values to pinpoint reading level. For example, a 7th grader with
a (6.8) is performing slightly below grade level (.0 to .9).
✔✔Box and whisker plot - ✔✔A graph that displays the highest and lowest quarters of
data as whiskers, the middle (median) is where students are considered proficient.
✔✔Assessment sequence - ✔✔"Ongoing" to drive instructional decisions. NEVER use
multiple choice.
1.) Diagnostic (pre-assessment)
2.) Formative Assessments (ongoing - targeted interventions)
3.) Summative Assessment (measure outcomes and make decisions moving forward.
Where strategies and interventions impactful?)
✔✔Assessment tools - ✔✔Used to monitor student progress, achievement, and learning
gains (test, rubric, survey, etc).
✔✔Progress Monitoring - ✔✔Diagnostic, Formative, Summative, Performance-Based,
Portfolio (student work samples, self-evaluations/reflections), Criterion-Reference
(FSA), Norm-Reference (NAEP, percentile), Screening (place students at grade level).
, ✔✔Rubrics - ✔✔Evaluation tool or set of guidelines used to promote the consistent
application of learning expectations, learning objectives, or learning standards (before,
during, and after).
✔✔Item analysis - ✔✔A process which examines student responses to individual test
items (questions) to determine the quality of the items, the quality of the test as a whole,
or the quality of the instruction for the skills on the test. Checks if a test is reliable and
valid.
✔✔Test success - ✔✔Teachers teach the skills necessary to succeed on the tests, NOT
strategies to beat the test.
✔✔ESE testing accommodations - ✔✔1.) Flexible presentation: Oral or sign language.
2.) Flexible responding: Dictate answers or speech-to-text technology.
3.) Flexible Setting: Given test in short intervals, given test in separate testing room, or
extended time.
4.) Assistive devices and tools: Alternative keyboards, joysticks, touch screens, head
control systems).
Always consult IEP.
✔✔ELL testing accommodations - ✔✔1.) Flexible setting: Separate room with ESOL
teacher.
2.) Flexible scheduling: Additional time.
3.) Assistance in native language: ESOL teacher gives directions.
4.) Approved dictionary: English-to-heritage language dictionary.
Always consult IEP.
✔✔Stakeholders - ✔✔People who are invested in the success of the school and its
students (students, parents, teachers, administrators, community members, and
business owners). Usually communicate student assessment data from state testing
(Levels 1-5).
✔✔Raw score - ✔✔Number of questions a student gets correct on the exam. They help
determine specific academic strengths and weaknesses.
✔✔Scale Score - ✔✔This is a linear transformation to indicate how a student faired on
the test overall. Used to create a base scale for equating purposes. They're effective for
general understanding of student achievement, NOT for specific needs.
✔✔Percentile Rank - ✔✔How well a student performed in comparison to other students
who took the same test. It simply compares a student to a much larger group of
students to compare performances. It doesn't reflect how well an individual student
scored or what they know.
