Chem 133 Final review Actual complete
set with Questions and verified Answers
digits in a measured quantity that are known exactly, plus one digit that is inexact? - ANSWER-significant
figures
4 significant figures rules are? - ANSWER-1. in between zeros are significant (103- three sig figs)
2. zeros to the right of a nonzero and to the right of a decimal place are significant (2.50- 3 sig figs)
3. zeros occurring before the first nonzero digit are not significant (0.0013- 2 sig figs)
4. trailing zeros may or may not be significant (13,000- 2 sig figs; 13,000.- 5 sig figs) *easier to write in
scientific notation
When adding and subtracting numbers; sig figs should be reported how? - ANSWER-# of decimal places
in ANSWER= # of decimal places in the number with the fewest digits after the decimal
When multiplying and dividing numbers; sig figs should be reported how? - ANSWER-# of sig figs in
ANSWER= # with the fewest sig fig in problem
__________ of a measurement indicates how well several determinations of the same quantity agree? -
ANSWER-precision
_______ is the agreement of a measurement with the accepted value of the quantity? - ANSWER-
accuracy
To calculate the precision of measurements, calculate the _______ of all measurements? - ANSWER-the
range
To calculate the accuracy of measurements, what should be done? - ANSWER-determine the mean or
average
How is matter transformed between states? - ANSWER-Solid melts to form a liquid when temperature is
raised---->particles move faster until they finally escape into a gaseous state
A homogenous mixture of water and dissolved substances is a ___________? - ANSWER-solution
Two ways to classify a sample of matter? - ANSWER-pure substance or mixture
A pure substance cannot be _________ into two or more different species by any physical technique at
ordinary temperatures? - ANSWER-separated
A _______ consists of 2 or more pure substances that can be separated by physical techniques? -
ANSWER-mixture
In a __________ mixture, the properties in one region different from those in another region? -
ANSWER-heterogeneous mixture (ie milk)- uneven
A _______ mixture consists of 2 or more substances in the same phase; same properties in all regions? -
ANSWER-homogeneous mixture (ie air, gasoline, and a unopened soft drink)
, Properties that can be observed and measured without changing the composition of a substance are
considered __________ properties? - ANSWER-physical properties
9 physical properties include? - ANSWER-1. color 6. conductivity
2. state 7. malleability
3. melting and boiling point 8. ductility
4. density 9. viscosity
5. solubility
_________ property indicates whether and sometimes how readily a material undergoes a chemical
change with another material? - ANSWER-chemical property
The same molecules are present both before and after a change is a ________ change? - ANSWER-
physical change
one or more substances are transformed into one or more different substances? - ANSWER-chemical
change
subatomic particles increase in size how? - ANSWER-electron<proton<neutron
The number of protons in the nucleus is given by its _______ _______? - ANSWER-atomic number
the sum of protons and neutrons for an atom is called? - ANSWER-mass number
atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called? - ANSWER-isotopes
atoms of an element have the same number of protons; to have different masses, isotopes must have a
different number of ______? - ANSWER-neutrons
what elements readily form cations? - ANSWER-metals
what elements readily form anions? - ANSWER-non-metals
elements with similar chemical and physical properties lie in vertical columns of the periodic table are
called? - ANSWER-groups or families
the horizontal rows of the periodic table are called? - ANSWER-periods
the elements on the periodic table that are difficult to classify as metals or non-metals are called? -
ANSWER-metalloids or semimetals
non-metals can often exist in several different and distinct forms, called? - ANSWER-allotropes
formula that demonstrates high level of detail by showing how all the atoms are attached within a
molecule? - ANSWER-structural formula
compounds that consist of discrete molecules at the particulate level? - ANSWER-molecular compounds
these compounds consist of ions? - ANSWER-ionic compounds
atoms or groups of atoms that bear a positive or negative charge? - ANSWER-ions
set with Questions and verified Answers
digits in a measured quantity that are known exactly, plus one digit that is inexact? - ANSWER-significant
figures
4 significant figures rules are? - ANSWER-1. in between zeros are significant (103- three sig figs)
2. zeros to the right of a nonzero and to the right of a decimal place are significant (2.50- 3 sig figs)
3. zeros occurring before the first nonzero digit are not significant (0.0013- 2 sig figs)
4. trailing zeros may or may not be significant (13,000- 2 sig figs; 13,000.- 5 sig figs) *easier to write in
scientific notation
When adding and subtracting numbers; sig figs should be reported how? - ANSWER-# of decimal places
in ANSWER= # of decimal places in the number with the fewest digits after the decimal
When multiplying and dividing numbers; sig figs should be reported how? - ANSWER-# of sig figs in
ANSWER= # with the fewest sig fig in problem
__________ of a measurement indicates how well several determinations of the same quantity agree? -
ANSWER-precision
_______ is the agreement of a measurement with the accepted value of the quantity? - ANSWER-
accuracy
To calculate the precision of measurements, calculate the _______ of all measurements? - ANSWER-the
range
To calculate the accuracy of measurements, what should be done? - ANSWER-determine the mean or
average
How is matter transformed between states? - ANSWER-Solid melts to form a liquid when temperature is
raised---->particles move faster until they finally escape into a gaseous state
A homogenous mixture of water and dissolved substances is a ___________? - ANSWER-solution
Two ways to classify a sample of matter? - ANSWER-pure substance or mixture
A pure substance cannot be _________ into two or more different species by any physical technique at
ordinary temperatures? - ANSWER-separated
A _______ consists of 2 or more pure substances that can be separated by physical techniques? -
ANSWER-mixture
In a __________ mixture, the properties in one region different from those in another region? -
ANSWER-heterogeneous mixture (ie milk)- uneven
A _______ mixture consists of 2 or more substances in the same phase; same properties in all regions? -
ANSWER-homogeneous mixture (ie air, gasoline, and a unopened soft drink)
, Properties that can be observed and measured without changing the composition of a substance are
considered __________ properties? - ANSWER-physical properties
9 physical properties include? - ANSWER-1. color 6. conductivity
2. state 7. malleability
3. melting and boiling point 8. ductility
4. density 9. viscosity
5. solubility
_________ property indicates whether and sometimes how readily a material undergoes a chemical
change with another material? - ANSWER-chemical property
The same molecules are present both before and after a change is a ________ change? - ANSWER-
physical change
one or more substances are transformed into one or more different substances? - ANSWER-chemical
change
subatomic particles increase in size how? - ANSWER-electron<proton<neutron
The number of protons in the nucleus is given by its _______ _______? - ANSWER-atomic number
the sum of protons and neutrons for an atom is called? - ANSWER-mass number
atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called? - ANSWER-isotopes
atoms of an element have the same number of protons; to have different masses, isotopes must have a
different number of ______? - ANSWER-neutrons
what elements readily form cations? - ANSWER-metals
what elements readily form anions? - ANSWER-non-metals
elements with similar chemical and physical properties lie in vertical columns of the periodic table are
called? - ANSWER-groups or families
the horizontal rows of the periodic table are called? - ANSWER-periods
the elements on the periodic table that are difficult to classify as metals or non-metals are called? -
ANSWER-metalloids or semimetals
non-metals can often exist in several different and distinct forms, called? - ANSWER-allotropes
formula that demonstrates high level of detail by showing how all the atoms are attached within a
molecule? - ANSWER-structural formula
compounds that consist of discrete molecules at the particulate level? - ANSWER-molecular compounds
these compounds consist of ions? - ANSWER-ionic compounds
atoms or groups of atoms that bear a positive or negative charge? - ANSWER-ions
