NUR 2115 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
Final Exam Review Questions with 100%
Correct Answers Latest Versions 2025
Graded A+
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a 26-year-old
female patient who is the victim. The patient has minor scrapes
and bruises and tells the nurse, "I've never been so scared in my
life." What other symptoms would the nurse expect to find related
to the fight-or-flight response to stress? Select all that apply.
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased muscle strength
C. Increased mental alertness
D. Increased blood glucose levels
E. Decreased cardiac output
F. Decreased peristalsis Correct answer- A, C, D The sympathetic
nervous system functions under stress to bring about the fight-or-
flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle
strength, increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose
levels, and increasing mental alertness. Increased peristalsis is
brought on by the parasympathetic nervous system under normal
conditions and at rest.
Risk factors that we can do something about Correct answer-
Modifiable risk factors
Sodium normal values Correct answer- 135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal values Correct answer- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
,Vaginal discharge that occurs after birth and continues for
approximately 4-8 weeks Correct answer- Lochia
Jean's attorney was careful to explain in her defense that Jean
had specialty knowledge, experience, and clinical judgment and
had met certain criteria established by a nongovernmental
association, as a result of which she was granted recognition in a
specified practice area. What is this sort of credential called?
A. Accreditation
B. Licensure
C. Certification
D. Board approval Correct answer- C
Factors affecting the heart rate Correct answer- -Age
-Sex
-Exercise
-Fever
-Medications
-Hypovolemia/dehydration
-Stress
-Position
Normal total serum Calcium level Correct answer- 8.6-10.2 mg/dL
A medication order reads: "K-Dur, 20 mEq po b.i.d." When and
how does the nurse correctly give this drug?
A. Daily at bedtime by subcutaneous route
B. Every other day by mouth
C. Twice a day by the oral route
D. Once a week by transdermal patch Correct answer- C
Questions to ask before taking temperature Correct answer- -
Food
,-Beverages
-Gum
-Drinking/Smoking
Magnesium normal values Correct answer- 1.3-2.3 mEq/L
A nurse is interviewing a patient who just received news that he
has pancreatic cancer. The patient tells the nurse that getting
cancer could never happen to him. Which defense mechanism is
this patient demonstrating?
A. Projection
B. Denial
C. Displacement
D. Repression Correct answer- B
A patient's health history of breast cancer that runs in the family is
what type of risk factor? Correct answer- Non-modifiable risk
factor
Laws affecting nursing practice (Think PHMPG) Correct answer- -
Right of Privacy
-HIPAA
-Malpractice
-Patient's Bill of Rights
-Good Samaritan Law
Rubra Correct answer- Deep red mixture, first 3-4 days
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient and the
patient is harmed. The physician who ordered the medication did
not read the documentation that the patient was allergic to the
drug. Which statement is true regarding liability for the
administration of the wrong medication?
, A. The nurse is not responsible, because the nurse was merely
following the doctor's orders.
B. Only the nurse is responsible, because the nurse actually
administered the medication.
C. Only the physician is responsible, because the physician
actually ordered the drug.
D. Both the nurse and the physician are responsible for their
respective actions. Correct answer- D. Nurses are legally
responsible for carrying out the orders of the physician in charge
of a patient unless an order would lead a reasonable person to
anticipate injury if it were carried out. If the nurse should have
anticipated injury and did not, both the prescribing physician and
the administering nurse are responsible for the harms to which
they contributed.
Phosphate normal values Correct answer- 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Normal ionized serum calcium level Correct answer- 4.5-5.1
mg/dL
Base excess or deficit values Correct answer- -2 to +2 mMol/L
A patient tells the nurse that she would like to use a mechanical
barrier for birth control. Which method might the nurse
recommend?
A. Diaphragm
B. Oral contraceptive pills
C. Depo-Provera
D. Evra patch Correct answer- A The diaphragm is the only
barrier method of contraception listed; all the other methods are
hormonal.
Serum Bicarbonate Correct answer- 25-29 mEq/L
Final Exam Review Questions with 100%
Correct Answers Latest Versions 2025
Graded A+
A nurse witnesses a street robbery and is assessing a 26-year-old
female patient who is the victim. The patient has minor scrapes
and bruises and tells the nurse, "I've never been so scared in my
life." What other symptoms would the nurse expect to find related
to the fight-or-flight response to stress? Select all that apply.
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased muscle strength
C. Increased mental alertness
D. Increased blood glucose levels
E. Decreased cardiac output
F. Decreased peristalsis Correct answer- A, C, D The sympathetic
nervous system functions under stress to bring about the fight-or-
flight response by increasing the heart rate, increasing muscle
strength, increasing cardiac output, increasing blood glucose
levels, and increasing mental alertness. Increased peristalsis is
brought on by the parasympathetic nervous system under normal
conditions and at rest.
Risk factors that we can do something about Correct answer-
Modifiable risk factors
Sodium normal values Correct answer- 135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal values Correct answer- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
,Vaginal discharge that occurs after birth and continues for
approximately 4-8 weeks Correct answer- Lochia
Jean's attorney was careful to explain in her defense that Jean
had specialty knowledge, experience, and clinical judgment and
had met certain criteria established by a nongovernmental
association, as a result of which she was granted recognition in a
specified practice area. What is this sort of credential called?
A. Accreditation
B. Licensure
C. Certification
D. Board approval Correct answer- C
Factors affecting the heart rate Correct answer- -Age
-Sex
-Exercise
-Fever
-Medications
-Hypovolemia/dehydration
-Stress
-Position
Normal total serum Calcium level Correct answer- 8.6-10.2 mg/dL
A medication order reads: "K-Dur, 20 mEq po b.i.d." When and
how does the nurse correctly give this drug?
A. Daily at bedtime by subcutaneous route
B. Every other day by mouth
C. Twice a day by the oral route
D. Once a week by transdermal patch Correct answer- C
Questions to ask before taking temperature Correct answer- -
Food
,-Beverages
-Gum
-Drinking/Smoking
Magnesium normal values Correct answer- 1.3-2.3 mEq/L
A nurse is interviewing a patient who just received news that he
has pancreatic cancer. The patient tells the nurse that getting
cancer could never happen to him. Which defense mechanism is
this patient demonstrating?
A. Projection
B. Denial
C. Displacement
D. Repression Correct answer- B
A patient's health history of breast cancer that runs in the family is
what type of risk factor? Correct answer- Non-modifiable risk
factor
Laws affecting nursing practice (Think PHMPG) Correct answer- -
Right of Privacy
-HIPAA
-Malpractice
-Patient's Bill of Rights
-Good Samaritan Law
Rubra Correct answer- Deep red mixture, first 3-4 days
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient and the
patient is harmed. The physician who ordered the medication did
not read the documentation that the patient was allergic to the
drug. Which statement is true regarding liability for the
administration of the wrong medication?
, A. The nurse is not responsible, because the nurse was merely
following the doctor's orders.
B. Only the nurse is responsible, because the nurse actually
administered the medication.
C. Only the physician is responsible, because the physician
actually ordered the drug.
D. Both the nurse and the physician are responsible for their
respective actions. Correct answer- D. Nurses are legally
responsible for carrying out the orders of the physician in charge
of a patient unless an order would lead a reasonable person to
anticipate injury if it were carried out. If the nurse should have
anticipated injury and did not, both the prescribing physician and
the administering nurse are responsible for the harms to which
they contributed.
Phosphate normal values Correct answer- 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Normal ionized serum calcium level Correct answer- 4.5-5.1
mg/dL
Base excess or deficit values Correct answer- -2 to +2 mMol/L
A patient tells the nurse that she would like to use a mechanical
barrier for birth control. Which method might the nurse
recommend?
A. Diaphragm
B. Oral contraceptive pills
C. Depo-Provera
D. Evra patch Correct answer- A The diaphragm is the only
barrier method of contraception listed; all the other methods are
hormonal.
Serum Bicarbonate Correct answer- 25-29 mEq/L
