Biology 101, Exam 2 Questions an Answers

Biology 101, Exam 2 Questions an Answers
ThreeAcellApartsAfoundAinAallAcells?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
DNA,AplasmaAmembrane,AandAcytoplasmAorAribosomes
WhatAisAtheAcellAtheory?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheAcellAisAtheAbasicAunitAofAlife,AallAlivingAthingsAareAmadeAupAofAoneAorAmoreAcells,AandAall
AcellsAcomeAfromAtheAreproductionAofAotherAcells

CellsAthatAdoAnotAhaveAaAnucleusAare:A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-prokaryotes
DNAAinAbacterial/prokaryoticAcellsAformsAa:A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-circle
DNAAinAeukaryoticAcellsAare:A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-linear
WhyAareAcellsAsmall?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
CellsAdoAnotAgetAveryAlargeAbecauseAtheAsurfaceAareaAtoAvolumeAratioAmustAbeAhighAtoAallo
wAforAtheAreadyAexchangeAofAmaterialsAinAandAoutAofAtheAcell
WhatAthreeAcellApartsAareAfoundAONLYAinAplantAcells?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
cellAwall,Achloroplasts,AandAtheAlarge/centralAvacuole
WhatAisAEndosymbiosis?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheAtheoryAthatAsomeAprokaryoticAcellsAengulfedAotherAprokaryoticAcellsAthusAformingAme
mbrane-
boundAstructuresA(likeAmitochondriaAorAchloroplasts)AandAultimatelyAgivingAriseAtoAeukaryo
ticAcells
WhatAisAtheAorganelleAsiteAofAtheAreactionAcalledACELLULARARESPIRATIONAinAeukaryoti
cAcells?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-Mitochondria
WhatAdoAyouAcallAtheAsiteAofAPROTEINAandALIPIDASYNTHESISAinAeukaryoticAcellsAisAanAE
NDOMEMBRANEASYSTEM?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAEndoplasmicAReticulum
WhatAcanAyouAfindAinAtheAnucleus?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAnucleolusAandADNA
HowAcanAyouAdistinguishAbetweenAtheAROUGHAE.R.AandAtheASMOOTHAE.R.?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theApresenceAofARIBOSOMESAinAtheAroughAE.R.

WhatAareAtheAthreeAstructuresAthatAenableAcellsAtoAmove?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
cilia,Aflagella,AandApsuedopods
WhatAisAfoundAwithinAtheACHLOROPLASTSAandAisAtheAsiteAofAPHOTOSYNTHESIS?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-thylakoids

WhatAareAtheAfoldsAwithinAtheAMITOCHONDRIAAcalled?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-cristae
WhatAareAcytoplasmicAbridgesAfoundAbetweenAPLANTAcells?A(holesAinAtheACELLAWALL)A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-plasmodesmata

WhatAareAtheAcytoplasmicAbridgesAfoundAbetweenAANIMALAcells?A(openingsAinAtheACELLA
MEMBRANES)A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-gapAjunctions
WhichAorganelleAcontainsADIGESTIVEAENZYMES?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAlysosome
TheAlysosomeAisAproducedAbyAtheApinchingAoffAofAportionsAofAtheAmembranesAofAthe:A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-GolgiAbodies/apparatus

WhatAisAtheAsiteAofAPROTEINASYNTHESIS?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-Ribosomes
WhatAisAtheAlargestACYTOSKELETONAcomponent?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAmicrotubules

, WhatAareAtheAstructuresAinvolvedAinACELLAMOVEMENTAthatAareAmadeAupAofA"9+2"Amicrot
ubules?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CiliaAandAFlagella
WhatAareAtheApairAofAstructuresAthatAareAmadeAupAofA9AtripletsAofAmicrotubules?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAcentrioles

CentriolesAareAinvolvedAinAtheAmovementAofAchromosomesAduringAcellAdivisionAandAfoundA
onlyAin:A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-AnimalAcells
DescribeAtheAmake-upAofAaACELLAMEMBRANEA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheAcellAmembraneAisAmadeAofAaAbilayerAofAPHOSPHOLIPIDS,AwithAPROTEINSAfloatingAi
nAthem
DescribeAaAPHOSPHOLIPIDA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheAhydrophilicAPHOSPHATEAHEADSAfaceAoutwardAwhileAtheAhydrophobicAFATTYAACI
DATAILSAfaceAinward
WhatAisAtheAsimplestAtypeAofApassiveAtransportAacrossAtheAmembrane?AWhatAdoesAitAdo?A
-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-diffusion
itAallowsAtheApassageAofAnonApolarAmoleculesAacrossAphospholipids
WhatAareAtwoAnonApolarAmoleculesAthatApassAacrossAphospholipids?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CarbonADiOxideA(CO2)AandAOxygenA(O2)

IfAaAproteinAisAinvolvedAinApassiveAtransportAacrossAtheAmembraneAthenAtheAprocessAisAcal
led:A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-facilitatedAdiffusion
IfAmoleculesAtakenAintoAtheAcellAgoAfromAaALowAconcentrationAofAthatAsubstanceAoutsideAth
eAcellAtoAaAHighAconcentrationA([L]AtoA[H])AinsideAtheAcellAthroughAaAcarrierAprotein,AthenAwh
atAisAtheAprocessAcalled?AAndAwhatAdoesAitAneedAforAenergy?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
ItAisAcalledAACTIVEAtransportAandAneedsAATPAforAenergy
WhatAhappensAifAaAredAbloodAcellAisAputAinAaAHYPOtonicAsolution?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-itAwillAswellAupAandAburst

WhatAhappensAifAaAredAbloodAcellAisAputAinAaAHYPERtonicAsolution?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-itAwillAshrivelA(plasmolysis)

WhatAhappensAifAaAplantAcellAisAputAinAaAHYPOtonicAsolution?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
itAwillAbecomeArigidAsinceAtheAcentralAvacuoleAcreatesATURGORAPRESSUREApushingAag
ainstAtheAcellAwallAwhichApreventsAwilting
WhatAareAtwoAexamplesAofAENDOCYTOSIS?AWhatAdoAtheyAdo?AWhatAdoAtheyArequire?A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-

1.APhagocytosisA(whichAmeansA"cellAeating")AtakesAinALARGEAmoleculesAorAcells
2.APinocytosisA(whichAmeansA"cellAdrinking")AtakesAinASMALLAparticlesAdissolvedAinAfluid

BOTHArequireAATP
GlucoseAentersAtheAcellAthroughAwhatAprocess?AWhy?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
GlucoseAentersAtheAcellAthroughAtheAprocessAofAFACILITATEDAdiffusionAsinceAitAusesAcarr
ierAproteinsAandAdoesAnotArequireAenergyAinputA(passiveAtransport)
CarbonADiOxideA(CO2)AandAOxygenA(O2)AentersAtheAcellAthroughAtheAphospholipidAbilaye
rAbyAwhatAprocess?AWhy?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
TheyAenterAthroughAtheAprocessAofASIMPLEAdiffusionAsinceAtheyAareAnonApolarAandAdoAnot
ArequireAenergyAinputA(passiveAtransport)

HowAdoesAwaterAenterAtheAcell,AandAbyAwhatAprocess?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
WaterAentersAtheAcellAthroughAPROTEINSAinAtheAmembraneAcalledAAQUAPORINSAbyAthe
AprocessAofAOSMOSISAwhichAdoesAnotArequireAenergyAinputA(passiveAtransport)