WGU D115 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY PRE-ASSESSMENT
EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS LATEST AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS, 100% GUARANTEE PASS| GRADED A+
1.Which pathological mechanism of the disease process is associated with these symptoms? -
answer Secretion of both cortisol and adrenal androgens is increased and inhibition of
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion
2.A patient is being admitted to an ICU after a traumatic brain injury. During the first few hours,
the patient develops polydipsia, and his urinary catheter is draining large volumes of dilute
urine. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) runs some tests, and the serum lab values
show hypernatremia and hyperosmolarity. .Which diagnosis should the APRN identify for this
patient? - answer Diabetes insipidus
3.A 45-year-old male patient with altered testosterone levels needs treatment. An advanced
practice registered nurse (APRN) is aware that three factors affect hormone target cell
responses when determining a treatment approach. Which factor should be considered by the
APRN? - answer Affinity of receptor for the hormones
6.A patient is seeing an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in an occupational health
setting. The patient has been referred by employee assistance for reckless and self-destructive
behaviors and a violent incident at work regarding a fellow employee. The APRN suspects post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which diagnostic cluster of PTSD is the patient exhibiting? -
answer Arousal
7.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is examining an adolescent patient who
describes hearing voices telling her to gather weapons because the government is trying to
control her. The patient also describes feelings of happiness related to a tragic personal event.
What is the probable diagnosis? - answer Schizophrenia
8.A patient is seen in the clinic after being a restrained passenger in a car accident the previous
week. The patient continues to have intermittent headaches and has noticed periods of
,forgetfulness. Assessment findings include a BP of 130/82 mm Hg and an apical pulse rate of 72
bpm. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is concerned that the symptoms might stem
from a specific process. Which process should the APRN be concerned about? - answer
Cerebral concussion
9.A patient is seen by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) at a primary care clinic for
follow-up to discuss abnormal results of testing for peripheral nervous system impairment.
Which diagnosis should the APRN suspect? - answer Demyelinating polyneuropathy
10.A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right eye. The child is
constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) performs
a complete ophthalmologic examination and orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the
findings, a diagnosis of retinoblastoma is confirmed. What is the pathological mechanism of this
disorder? - answer Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation
of cells
11.A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle weaknesses,
impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient has a history of smoking and
vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic testing and a comprehensive neurological assessment
reveals a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which pathological mechanism will support this
diagnosis? - answer A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
12.An advanced practice nurse (APRN) is working with a patient who is choosing to undergo
breast removal due to family history of breast cancer. The patient's genetic testing revealed an
abnormal BRCA1. The patient shares with the APRN that she is relieved that she will not need to
worry about cancer once the breast tissue is removed. The APRN proceeds to educate the
patient about additional risks. Which other type of cancer is the patient at risk for developing? -
answer Ovarian
13.An 80-year-old patient brings her grandchildren with her to a routine medical appointment.
The patient has moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is concerned
about developing pneumonia because of its increased incidence at the senior center. What
should the nurse practitioner recommend for this patient? - answer Getting an annual
influenza vaccine
,14.A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in a
primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports feeling depressed due to a major life
change. Additional symptoms include weight gain, sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN
plans on providing the patient with several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
Why is the APRN concerned about relieving this emotional response? - answer It decreases
glucose uptake.
15.The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns about the child's
recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). The
infections have occurred regularly since birth. What should the APRN tell the parent is the
underlying cause of this illness? - answer Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of
thin fluids.
16.A 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling and lower lip
swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is spontaneous and resolves over several
days. The patient does not have complaints of fever, hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show
hyperactivation of three plasma protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
What is the cause of the genetic defect suspected in this situation? - answer C1 esterase
inhibitor
17.A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral intake, decreased
urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for further evaluation with a workup
to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a spinal tap, and a chest X-ray. Which issue of innate
immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern? - answer Relative deficiency of factor B
18.A newborn's screening for cystic fibrosis is positive. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) is reviewing screening results and taking a comprehensive genetic screening of the
parents. The APRN asks the parents questions to help determine the transmission of this
disease. Which question should the APRN ask? - answer "Are you both the genetic donor
parents?"
19.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a teen patient who has
recently learned that she is pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain medication taken by the
, patient can contribute to the development of congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN
reviews the patient's current medication list and finds one medication that is a concern. Which
medication is the APRN concerned about? - answer Retinoic acid
20.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for an adult patient who fell off a
ladder and has a T5 compression and a compound fracture of the femur.
The following assessment data is noted:
Vital signs: BP 102/52
Apical pulse: 48
Weak peripheral pulses
Flaccid lower extremities
Severe bruising of the femur
Which type of shock should the APRN suspect? - answer Neurogenic
21.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for a patient who experienced a 20%
total body surface area (TBSA) burn injury. Current assessment findings include massive
evaporative water losses, a flux of large amounts of fluid and electrolytes in the tissues,
generalized edema, and circulatory hypovolemia. The APRN needs to take immediate action to
prevent irreversible hypovolemic shock and death. Which priority action should be taken by the
APRN? - answer Administer up to 30 L of lactated ringer solution over 24 hours
An adult patient has experienced a third-degree burn. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) is attempting to calculate the total body surface area affected using the rule of nines.
The areas involved include the anterior and posterior right arm and leg and the groin.
What is the estimated total body surface area that will be assigned by the APRN? - answer 28%
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) assesses a school-aged child with sepsis who is
experiencing new symptoms of hyperthermia, tachycardia, and tachypnea.
Which additional diagnosis should the APRN consider? - answer Systemic inflammatory
response syndrome
EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS LATEST AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS, 100% GUARANTEE PASS| GRADED A+
1.Which pathological mechanism of the disease process is associated with these symptoms? -
answer Secretion of both cortisol and adrenal androgens is increased and inhibition of
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion
2.A patient is being admitted to an ICU after a traumatic brain injury. During the first few hours,
the patient develops polydipsia, and his urinary catheter is draining large volumes of dilute
urine. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) runs some tests, and the serum lab values
show hypernatremia and hyperosmolarity. .Which diagnosis should the APRN identify for this
patient? - answer Diabetes insipidus
3.A 45-year-old male patient with altered testosterone levels needs treatment. An advanced
practice registered nurse (APRN) is aware that three factors affect hormone target cell
responses when determining a treatment approach. Which factor should be considered by the
APRN? - answer Affinity of receptor for the hormones
6.A patient is seeing an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in an occupational health
setting. The patient has been referred by employee assistance for reckless and self-destructive
behaviors and a violent incident at work regarding a fellow employee. The APRN suspects post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which diagnostic cluster of PTSD is the patient exhibiting? -
answer Arousal
7.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is examining an adolescent patient who
describes hearing voices telling her to gather weapons because the government is trying to
control her. The patient also describes feelings of happiness related to a tragic personal event.
What is the probable diagnosis? - answer Schizophrenia
8.A patient is seen in the clinic after being a restrained passenger in a car accident the previous
week. The patient continues to have intermittent headaches and has noticed periods of
,forgetfulness. Assessment findings include a BP of 130/82 mm Hg and an apical pulse rate of 72
bpm. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is concerned that the symptoms might stem
from a specific process. Which process should the APRN be concerned about? - answer
Cerebral concussion
9.A patient is seen by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) at a primary care clinic for
follow-up to discuss abnormal results of testing for peripheral nervous system impairment.
Which diagnosis should the APRN suspect? - answer Demyelinating polyneuropathy
10.A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right eye. The child is
constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) performs
a complete ophthalmologic examination and orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the
findings, a diagnosis of retinoblastoma is confirmed. What is the pathological mechanism of this
disorder? - answer Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation
of cells
11.A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle weaknesses,
impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient has a history of smoking and
vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic testing and a comprehensive neurological assessment
reveals a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which pathological mechanism will support this
diagnosis? - answer A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
12.An advanced practice nurse (APRN) is working with a patient who is choosing to undergo
breast removal due to family history of breast cancer. The patient's genetic testing revealed an
abnormal BRCA1. The patient shares with the APRN that she is relieved that she will not need to
worry about cancer once the breast tissue is removed. The APRN proceeds to educate the
patient about additional risks. Which other type of cancer is the patient at risk for developing? -
answer Ovarian
13.An 80-year-old patient brings her grandchildren with her to a routine medical appointment.
The patient has moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is concerned
about developing pneumonia because of its increased incidence at the senior center. What
should the nurse practitioner recommend for this patient? - answer Getting an annual
influenza vaccine
,14.A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in a
primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports feeling depressed due to a major life
change. Additional symptoms include weight gain, sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN
plans on providing the patient with several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
Why is the APRN concerned about relieving this emotional response? - answer It decreases
glucose uptake.
15.The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns about the child's
recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). The
infections have occurred regularly since birth. What should the APRN tell the parent is the
underlying cause of this illness? - answer Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of
thin fluids.
16.A 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling and lower lip
swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is spontaneous and resolves over several
days. The patient does not have complaints of fever, hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show
hyperactivation of three plasma protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
What is the cause of the genetic defect suspected in this situation? - answer C1 esterase
inhibitor
17.A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral intake, decreased
urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for further evaluation with a workup
to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a spinal tap, and a chest X-ray. Which issue of innate
immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern? - answer Relative deficiency of factor B
18.A newborn's screening for cystic fibrosis is positive. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) is reviewing screening results and taking a comprehensive genetic screening of the
parents. The APRN asks the parents questions to help determine the transmission of this
disease. Which question should the APRN ask? - answer "Are you both the genetic donor
parents?"
19.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a teen patient who has
recently learned that she is pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain medication taken by the
, patient can contribute to the development of congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN
reviews the patient's current medication list and finds one medication that is a concern. Which
medication is the APRN concerned about? - answer Retinoic acid
20.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for an adult patient who fell off a
ladder and has a T5 compression and a compound fracture of the femur.
The following assessment data is noted:
Vital signs: BP 102/52
Apical pulse: 48
Weak peripheral pulses
Flaccid lower extremities
Severe bruising of the femur
Which type of shock should the APRN suspect? - answer Neurogenic
21.An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for a patient who experienced a 20%
total body surface area (TBSA) burn injury. Current assessment findings include massive
evaporative water losses, a flux of large amounts of fluid and electrolytes in the tissues,
generalized edema, and circulatory hypovolemia. The APRN needs to take immediate action to
prevent irreversible hypovolemic shock and death. Which priority action should be taken by the
APRN? - answer Administer up to 30 L of lactated ringer solution over 24 hours
An adult patient has experienced a third-degree burn. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) is attempting to calculate the total body surface area affected using the rule of nines.
The areas involved include the anterior and posterior right arm and leg and the groin.
What is the estimated total body surface area that will be assigned by the APRN? - answer 28%
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) assesses a school-aged child with sepsis who is
experiencing new symptoms of hyperthermia, tachycardia, and tachypnea.
Which additional diagnosis should the APRN consider? - answer Systemic inflammatory
response syndrome
