WGU C175/D426 DATA MANAGEMENT FOUNDATIONS
OA EXAM LATEST 2025 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
100% GUARANTEED PASS!
Foreign Key matching - CORRECT ANSWER-A domain of values is necessary
for a primary key in one relation of a database to match with its corresponding
foreign key in another relation of the same database.
Alternate Key - CORRECT ANSWER-What uniquely identifies each entity in a
collection of entities but is not the primary key.
Candidate Key - CORRECT ANSWER-A set of columns in a table that can
uniquely identify any record in that table without referring to other data.
Database indexing - CORRECT ANSWER-The original data is copied to the
index.
Indexes in physical database design - CORRECT ANSWER-To retrieve data
DIRECTLY using a pointer.
Index creation on a database column - CORRECT ANSWER-To optimize data
retrievals.
,Modality - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the MINIMUM number of times an
instance in one entity can be associated with instance of another entity
(minima). Appears as a 0 or 1 on the relationship line, next to cardinality.
Referential Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-Requires that ALL foreign key values
must either be fully NULL or match some primary key value.
Ways Referential Integrity can be violated - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary key
is updated 2. Foreign key is updated 3. Row containing primary key is DELETED
4. Row containing foreign key is INSERTED.
Actions to Correct Referential Integrity Violation - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
RESTRICT - rejects an insert, update, or delete 2. SET NULL - sets invalid foreign
keys to null 3. SET DEFAULT - sets invalid foreign keys to a default primary value
4. CASCADE - propagates primary key changes to foreign keys.
Important aspect of Referential Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-Reference to
data in one relation is based on values in another relation.
Broad definition of data - CORRECT ANSWER-Raw facts captured on printed
or digital media.
Data - CORRECT ANSWER-Facts that are collected and stored in a database
system.
Determining characteristic of unstructured data - CORRECT ANSWER-It does
not follow a data model.
,Flat files - CORRECT ANSWER-They contain no internal hierarchical
organization.
Data retrieval before database management systems - CORRECT ANSWER-
Sequentially from simple files.
Primary Key - CORRECT ANSWER-An attribute or group of attributes that
uniquely identify a tuple in a relation.
Functional Dependency - CORRECT ANSWER-Each value of a column relates
to at MOST one value of another column.
Rules/Appearance of First Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- All non-key
columns depend on primary key - Each table cell contains one value - A table
with no duplicate rows.
Rules/Appearance of Second Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- When all
non-key columns depend on the WHOLE primary key - Must be in 1NF - Non-
key column can not depend on just one part of a composite key - a single
primary key is automatically in 2NF.
Rules/Appearance of Third Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- All non-key
columns depend ONLY on the primary key - Tables are totally free of data
redundancy.
Differences between operational and analytical databases - CORRECT
ANSWER-- Volatility - Detail - Scope - History.
, Volatility - CORRECT ANSWER-Database updates in real time. Operational
Data is Volatile. Analytical Data is NOT Volatile.
Detail in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- A database that keeps record of
individual transactions; line items - Operational: Detailed - Analytical: Detailed.
Scope in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- How far a database can reach -
Operational: incompatible - Analytical: Enterprise-Wide/Summary.
History in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- Whether DB is current or tracks
all data - Operational: Current only - Analytical: Tracks trends.
Data warehouse refresh process - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Extraction 2. Cleanse
3. Integrate 4. Restructure 5. Load.
Extraction in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data extracted and put into staging
area.
Cleanse in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Errors are eliminated from data; standard
abbreviations applied.
Integrate in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is put into a uniform structure;
Data converted to uniform structure.
Restructure in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is structured in a design that is
optimal for analysis.
Load in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is loaded to the data warehouse.
OA EXAM LATEST 2025 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
100% GUARANTEED PASS!
Foreign Key matching - CORRECT ANSWER-A domain of values is necessary
for a primary key in one relation of a database to match with its corresponding
foreign key in another relation of the same database.
Alternate Key - CORRECT ANSWER-What uniquely identifies each entity in a
collection of entities but is not the primary key.
Candidate Key - CORRECT ANSWER-A set of columns in a table that can
uniquely identify any record in that table without referring to other data.
Database indexing - CORRECT ANSWER-The original data is copied to the
index.
Indexes in physical database design - CORRECT ANSWER-To retrieve data
DIRECTLY using a pointer.
Index creation on a database column - CORRECT ANSWER-To optimize data
retrievals.
,Modality - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the MINIMUM number of times an
instance in one entity can be associated with instance of another entity
(minima). Appears as a 0 or 1 on the relationship line, next to cardinality.
Referential Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-Requires that ALL foreign key values
must either be fully NULL or match some primary key value.
Ways Referential Integrity can be violated - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary key
is updated 2. Foreign key is updated 3. Row containing primary key is DELETED
4. Row containing foreign key is INSERTED.
Actions to Correct Referential Integrity Violation - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
RESTRICT - rejects an insert, update, or delete 2. SET NULL - sets invalid foreign
keys to null 3. SET DEFAULT - sets invalid foreign keys to a default primary value
4. CASCADE - propagates primary key changes to foreign keys.
Important aspect of Referential Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-Reference to
data in one relation is based on values in another relation.
Broad definition of data - CORRECT ANSWER-Raw facts captured on printed
or digital media.
Data - CORRECT ANSWER-Facts that are collected and stored in a database
system.
Determining characteristic of unstructured data - CORRECT ANSWER-It does
not follow a data model.
,Flat files - CORRECT ANSWER-They contain no internal hierarchical
organization.
Data retrieval before database management systems - CORRECT ANSWER-
Sequentially from simple files.
Primary Key - CORRECT ANSWER-An attribute or group of attributes that
uniquely identify a tuple in a relation.
Functional Dependency - CORRECT ANSWER-Each value of a column relates
to at MOST one value of another column.
Rules/Appearance of First Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- All non-key
columns depend on primary key - Each table cell contains one value - A table
with no duplicate rows.
Rules/Appearance of Second Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- When all
non-key columns depend on the WHOLE primary key - Must be in 1NF - Non-
key column can not depend on just one part of a composite key - a single
primary key is automatically in 2NF.
Rules/Appearance of Third Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER-- All non-key
columns depend ONLY on the primary key - Tables are totally free of data
redundancy.
Differences between operational and analytical databases - CORRECT
ANSWER-- Volatility - Detail - Scope - History.
, Volatility - CORRECT ANSWER-Database updates in real time. Operational
Data is Volatile. Analytical Data is NOT Volatile.
Detail in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- A database that keeps record of
individual transactions; line items - Operational: Detailed - Analytical: Detailed.
Scope in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- How far a database can reach -
Operational: incompatible - Analytical: Enterprise-Wide/Summary.
History in databases - CORRECT ANSWER-- Whether DB is current or tracks
all data - Operational: Current only - Analytical: Tracks trends.
Data warehouse refresh process - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Extraction 2. Cleanse
3. Integrate 4. Restructure 5. Load.
Extraction in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data extracted and put into staging
area.
Cleanse in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Errors are eliminated from data; standard
abbreviations applied.
Integrate in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is put into a uniform structure;
Data converted to uniform structure.
Restructure in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is structured in a design that is
optimal for analysis.
Load in ETL - CORRECT ANSWER-Data is loaded to the data warehouse.
