HOSA-PATHOPHYSIOLOGY COMPLETE Qs & As 2025
Amniocentesis - ANS-taking a fluid sample between the 15th and the 16th week of
pregnancy to diagnose congenital anomalies
Bicornate uterus - ANS-a uterus having two horns or horn-shaped branches
Neonate - ANS-newborn baby
Dysplasia - ANS-marked by abnormal adult cells
Muscular dystrophy - ANS-progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal
muscles
Dystrophy - ANS-condition produced by faulty nutrition
Contractures - ANS-immobility of muscles or a joint caused by shortening or wasting of
tissue or muscle fibers
Electromyography - ANS-an electrodiagnostic assessment of the activity of the skeletal
muscles
Meninges - ANS-Covering around the brain and the spinal cord
Anecephalic - ANS-No cranial vault and little cerebral tissue
Foramen Ovale - ANS-opening in the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal
heart
Acyanotic - ANS-absence of a bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes
Adenosarcoma - ANS-a cancerous gland like tumor such as wilms' tumor
Ataxic - ANS-uncoordinated gait associated with pathology of the central nervous
system
Azoospermia - ANS-an absence of spermatozoa in the seaman
Dysplasia - ANS-marked by abnormal adult cells
Electromyography - ANS-an electrodiagnosis assessment of the activity of skeletal
muscles
Meconium - ANS-the first stool of a newborn, greenish black with a tarry consistency
Pylorus - ANS-the narrow part of the stomach toward the duodenum
, Stenosis - ANS-narrowing of an opening
Tachypnea - ANS-rapid and shallow breathing
Trisomy - ANS-one or more than the normal number of chromosomes
Anticholinesterase - ANS-any enzyme that counteracts in the presence of choline esters
Autoimmune - ANS-an immune response resulting in the presence of self-antigens or
auto-antigens of certain body cells
Candidiasis - ANS-(moniliasis) white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to
superficial fungal infection
Collagen - ANS-A protein fiber with a unique triple-helix that gives it great strength.
Tissues with a lot of collagen fibers are typically very strong, e.g. bone, tendons,
ligaments, etc.
Hematopoietic - ANS-pertaining to the production and the development of blood cells or
a substance that stimulates their production
Hypogammaglobulinemia - ANS-a below normal concentration of gamma globulin in the
blood associated with a decreased resistance to infection
Immunocompetent - ANS-Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency - ANS-the diminished ability of the immune system to react with
appropriate cellular immunity response
Immunoelectrophoresis - ANS-technique used to separate and allow identification of
complex proteins
Immunogen - ANS-an antigen
Immunoglobulin - ANS-protein that can act as an antibody
Immunosuppressive - ANS-having the property of suppressing the bodys immune
response to antigens
Keratoconjunctivitis - ANS-dryness of the conjunctiva resulting from a decrease in
lacrimal function
Lymph - ANS-a mostly clear, colorless, transparent, alkaline fluid found within the
lymphatic vessels; formed in tissues throughout the body
Amniocentesis - ANS-taking a fluid sample between the 15th and the 16th week of
pregnancy to diagnose congenital anomalies
Bicornate uterus - ANS-a uterus having two horns or horn-shaped branches
Neonate - ANS-newborn baby
Dysplasia - ANS-marked by abnormal adult cells
Muscular dystrophy - ANS-progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal
muscles
Dystrophy - ANS-condition produced by faulty nutrition
Contractures - ANS-immobility of muscles or a joint caused by shortening or wasting of
tissue or muscle fibers
Electromyography - ANS-an electrodiagnostic assessment of the activity of the skeletal
muscles
Meninges - ANS-Covering around the brain and the spinal cord
Anecephalic - ANS-No cranial vault and little cerebral tissue
Foramen Ovale - ANS-opening in the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal
heart
Acyanotic - ANS-absence of a bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes
Adenosarcoma - ANS-a cancerous gland like tumor such as wilms' tumor
Ataxic - ANS-uncoordinated gait associated with pathology of the central nervous
system
Azoospermia - ANS-an absence of spermatozoa in the seaman
Dysplasia - ANS-marked by abnormal adult cells
Electromyography - ANS-an electrodiagnosis assessment of the activity of skeletal
muscles
Meconium - ANS-the first stool of a newborn, greenish black with a tarry consistency
Pylorus - ANS-the narrow part of the stomach toward the duodenum
, Stenosis - ANS-narrowing of an opening
Tachypnea - ANS-rapid and shallow breathing
Trisomy - ANS-one or more than the normal number of chromosomes
Anticholinesterase - ANS-any enzyme that counteracts in the presence of choline esters
Autoimmune - ANS-an immune response resulting in the presence of self-antigens or
auto-antigens of certain body cells
Candidiasis - ANS-(moniliasis) white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to
superficial fungal infection
Collagen - ANS-A protein fiber with a unique triple-helix that gives it great strength.
Tissues with a lot of collagen fibers are typically very strong, e.g. bone, tendons,
ligaments, etc.
Hematopoietic - ANS-pertaining to the production and the development of blood cells or
a substance that stimulates their production
Hypogammaglobulinemia - ANS-a below normal concentration of gamma globulin in the
blood associated with a decreased resistance to infection
Immunocompetent - ANS-Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency - ANS-the diminished ability of the immune system to react with
appropriate cellular immunity response
Immunoelectrophoresis - ANS-technique used to separate and allow identification of
complex proteins
Immunogen - ANS-an antigen
Immunoglobulin - ANS-protein that can act as an antibody
Immunosuppressive - ANS-having the property of suppressing the bodys immune
response to antigens
Keratoconjunctivitis - ANS-dryness of the conjunctiva resulting from a decrease in
lacrimal function
Lymph - ANS-a mostly clear, colorless, transparent, alkaline fluid found within the
lymphatic vessels; formed in tissues throughout the body
