CHAPTER 16&17: MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A
CLINICAL APPROACH, 4TH EDITION COMPLETE NEWEST
VERIFIED VERSION
1.What is the order of the skin layers? - answer Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous
Layer
2.This is an antimicrobial substance with skin that is found. It is has low pH,
breakdown of lipids-toxic - answer Sebum
3.This is an antimicrobial substance with skin that is found. It is has low pH,
lysozyme, and high salt - answer Sweat
4.These are found in epithelial cells - answer Antimicrobial peptides
5.These are positively charged _______ that act by disrupting the negatively
charged membranes of bacteria. - answer Antimicrobial peptides and peptides
6.What are the 6 defenses of the skin? - answer 1. Keratinized surface, 2.
sloughing, 3. low pH, 4. High Salt, 5. Lysozome, 6. antimicrobial peptides
7.What are the 6 normal biota of the skin? - answer Streptoccus, Staphlococcus,
Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus
,8.What substance produced by the skin is metabolized by normal microbiota,
producing toxic byproducts that inhibit growth of potential pathogens? - answer
Sebum
9.What disease is this? Common cause of skin leisons in non-hospitalized settings,
strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive
coccus that grows in clusters), highly virulent but is also considered normal biota
of the skin in 1/3 population, withstands 7.5-10 percent salt, extremes in pH, and
high temps, remains viable after air drying, resist the effects of many disinfectants
and antibiotics - answer MRSA
10.What disease has these symptoms? 1. raised, red, tender, and localized lesions.
Features pus and feels hot to the touch, occur easily in breaks in the skin and may
localize around a hair follicle, fever may be present - answer MRSA
11.What disease is this? Contaminant of all kinds of surfaces (gym equipment,
airplane tray tables, electronic devices, razors), individuals with this infection
should keep them covered to avoid transmission - answer MRSA
12.This disease uses coagulase as a diagnostic species and produces
hyaluronidase, staphlokinase, DNase, and Lipase. - answer MRSA
13.This disease is cultured and diagnosed by: PCR, isolation on blood agar or
mannitol salt gar, catalse distingishes S. aureus from other staphylococcal species
and coagulase test - answer MRSA
14.This disease is prevented and treated by good hygiene, treatment through
incision of lesion and drainage of pus, and antimicrobial treatment should include
, more than one antibiotic (Clindamycin + TMP/SMZ and Doxycycline) - answer
MRSA
15.This disease is most common in children and young to middle aged adults –
-Superficial bacterial infection that causes the skin to flake or peel
-Can be caused by either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, or
may be caused by a combination of the two:
•S. pyogenes begins all cases of the disease, but later S. aureus takes over and
produces a bacteriocin that destroys S. pyogenes. - answer Impetigo
16.This disease has the following signs and symptoms: •Signs and Symptoms:
-Lesion: peeling skin, crusty and flaky scabs, or honey-colored crusts
-Lesions found most around the mouth, face, and extremities - answer Impetigo
17.Impetigo is caused by this bacteria: -Exfoliative toxins A and B cause
characteristic blistering and facilitate the spread of the bacterium. - answer
Staphlyococcus aureus
>Impetigo is caused by this bacteria: -Gram-positive coccus, beta hemolytic on
blood agar
-Causes streptococcus pharyngitis, scarlet fever, puerperal fever, necrotizing
fasciitis, serious bloodstream infections, and poststreptococcal conditions -
answer Streptococcus pyogenes
18.Topical Mupirocin or retaamulin, oral dicloxacillin, cephalexn, or TMP-SMZ is
used for treatment - answer Impetigo-Staphylococcus auerus
CLINICAL APPROACH, 4TH EDITION COMPLETE NEWEST
VERIFIED VERSION
1.What is the order of the skin layers? - answer Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous
Layer
2.This is an antimicrobial substance with skin that is found. It is has low pH,
breakdown of lipids-toxic - answer Sebum
3.This is an antimicrobial substance with skin that is found. It is has low pH,
lysozyme, and high salt - answer Sweat
4.These are found in epithelial cells - answer Antimicrobial peptides
5.These are positively charged _______ that act by disrupting the negatively
charged membranes of bacteria. - answer Antimicrobial peptides and peptides
6.What are the 6 defenses of the skin? - answer 1. Keratinized surface, 2.
sloughing, 3. low pH, 4. High Salt, 5. Lysozome, 6. antimicrobial peptides
7.What are the 6 normal biota of the skin? - answer Streptoccus, Staphlococcus,
Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus
,8.What substance produced by the skin is metabolized by normal microbiota,
producing toxic byproducts that inhibit growth of potential pathogens? - answer
Sebum
9.What disease is this? Common cause of skin leisons in non-hospitalized settings,
strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive
coccus that grows in clusters), highly virulent but is also considered normal biota
of the skin in 1/3 population, withstands 7.5-10 percent salt, extremes in pH, and
high temps, remains viable after air drying, resist the effects of many disinfectants
and antibiotics - answer MRSA
10.What disease has these symptoms? 1. raised, red, tender, and localized lesions.
Features pus and feels hot to the touch, occur easily in breaks in the skin and may
localize around a hair follicle, fever may be present - answer MRSA
11.What disease is this? Contaminant of all kinds of surfaces (gym equipment,
airplane tray tables, electronic devices, razors), individuals with this infection
should keep them covered to avoid transmission - answer MRSA
12.This disease uses coagulase as a diagnostic species and produces
hyaluronidase, staphlokinase, DNase, and Lipase. - answer MRSA
13.This disease is cultured and diagnosed by: PCR, isolation on blood agar or
mannitol salt gar, catalse distingishes S. aureus from other staphylococcal species
and coagulase test - answer MRSA
14.This disease is prevented and treated by good hygiene, treatment through
incision of lesion and drainage of pus, and antimicrobial treatment should include
, more than one antibiotic (Clindamycin + TMP/SMZ and Doxycycline) - answer
MRSA
15.This disease is most common in children and young to middle aged adults –
-Superficial bacterial infection that causes the skin to flake or peel
-Can be caused by either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, or
may be caused by a combination of the two:
•S. pyogenes begins all cases of the disease, but later S. aureus takes over and
produces a bacteriocin that destroys S. pyogenes. - answer Impetigo
16.This disease has the following signs and symptoms: •Signs and Symptoms:
-Lesion: peeling skin, crusty and flaky scabs, or honey-colored crusts
-Lesions found most around the mouth, face, and extremities - answer Impetigo
17.Impetigo is caused by this bacteria: -Exfoliative toxins A and B cause
characteristic blistering and facilitate the spread of the bacterium. - answer
Staphlyococcus aureus
>Impetigo is caused by this bacteria: -Gram-positive coccus, beta hemolytic on
blood agar
-Causes streptococcus pharyngitis, scarlet fever, puerperal fever, necrotizing
fasciitis, serious bloodstream infections, and poststreptococcal conditions -
answer Streptococcus pyogenes
18.Topical Mupirocin or retaamulin, oral dicloxacillin, cephalexn, or TMP-SMZ is
used for treatment - answer Impetigo-Staphylococcus auerus
