©FYNDLAY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
PSY 382 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Reasons for increased lifespans after 1900/1920 - ANS Around 1920, life expectancies
increased partially due to vaccines being introduced.
Due to longer life spans, people have a longer time to develop things such as cancer or heart
disease.
Other reasons for increased longevity
- Decreased infant mortality
- Better nutrition
- Water filtration/chlorination
- Improved sewage systems
- Pasteurized milk
- Universal education
- Housing improvements
- Anti Poverty programs
- Reduction in smoking
Why are women predicted to live longer? - ANS Masculinity tells them not to go for check
ups or if they have a pain
When a man is married, this gap between men and women closes.
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, ©FYNDLAY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Why do higher classes have a higher life expectancy? - ANS Can't get time off, difficult to
schedule appointments
More difficult to get to appointments if taking the bus, walking, etc
Why do the educated have a higher life expectancy? - ANS Higher average incomes
Better access to quality healthcare through jobs with full benefits
More informed consumers of health information (diseases, treatment options)
Less likely to smoke
Less likely to use recreational drugs/substances
More likely to eat a low-fat diet
More likely to exercise
Exposure to others with similar educational status (health knowledge, attitudes, habits)
Politics on life expectancy - ANS More liberal leaning areas support wider access to
healthcare, help for the homeless, disabled, etc. Therefore, people have easier access to
healthcare and have higher life expectancies.
Biomedical model - ANS defined health by the absence of disease
Biopsychosocial model - ANS Developed by George Engel in 1977
Health is not absence of disease but a positive condition
A person without disease is not necessarily healthy
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, ©FYNDLAY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Could have unhealthy habits, poor social support, high stress, poor coping, avoid preventative
medical care, engage in risky behavior
They don't have a "disease", but unhealthy behavior raises risk of future disease
Focus is on biological factors AND psychological and social factors
COHEN'S COLD VIRUS EXPERIMENTS - ANS Showed social factors in the development of
disease
All participants given nasal squirt of cold virus
Housed in controlled environment (hotel room)
What differentiated those who got a cold vs. those who didn't?
- Fewer recent stressful experiences
- Better sleep habits
- Experience more positive emotions
- More sociable
- More diverse social networks
What are the 3 components of the stress response? - ANS Stress response: the physiological,
emotional, and cognitive response to a stressor(s)
What are the two systems involved in the stress response? - ANS Sympathetic Nervous
System
Neuroendocrine System
©FYNDLAY 3
PSY 382 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Reasons for increased lifespans after 1900/1920 - ANS Around 1920, life expectancies
increased partially due to vaccines being introduced.
Due to longer life spans, people have a longer time to develop things such as cancer or heart
disease.
Other reasons for increased longevity
- Decreased infant mortality
- Better nutrition
- Water filtration/chlorination
- Improved sewage systems
- Pasteurized milk
- Universal education
- Housing improvements
- Anti Poverty programs
- Reduction in smoking
Why are women predicted to live longer? - ANS Masculinity tells them not to go for check
ups or if they have a pain
When a man is married, this gap between men and women closes.
©FYNDLAY 1
, ©FYNDLAY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Why do higher classes have a higher life expectancy? - ANS Can't get time off, difficult to
schedule appointments
More difficult to get to appointments if taking the bus, walking, etc
Why do the educated have a higher life expectancy? - ANS Higher average incomes
Better access to quality healthcare through jobs with full benefits
More informed consumers of health information (diseases, treatment options)
Less likely to smoke
Less likely to use recreational drugs/substances
More likely to eat a low-fat diet
More likely to exercise
Exposure to others with similar educational status (health knowledge, attitudes, habits)
Politics on life expectancy - ANS More liberal leaning areas support wider access to
healthcare, help for the homeless, disabled, etc. Therefore, people have easier access to
healthcare and have higher life expectancies.
Biomedical model - ANS defined health by the absence of disease
Biopsychosocial model - ANS Developed by George Engel in 1977
Health is not absence of disease but a positive condition
A person without disease is not necessarily healthy
©FYNDLAY 2
, ©FYNDLAY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Could have unhealthy habits, poor social support, high stress, poor coping, avoid preventative
medical care, engage in risky behavior
They don't have a "disease", but unhealthy behavior raises risk of future disease
Focus is on biological factors AND psychological and social factors
COHEN'S COLD VIRUS EXPERIMENTS - ANS Showed social factors in the development of
disease
All participants given nasal squirt of cold virus
Housed in controlled environment (hotel room)
What differentiated those who got a cold vs. those who didn't?
- Fewer recent stressful experiences
- Better sleep habits
- Experience more positive emotions
- More sociable
- More diverse social networks
What are the 3 components of the stress response? - ANS Stress response: the physiological,
emotional, and cognitive response to a stressor(s)
What are the two systems involved in the stress response? - ANS Sympathetic Nervous
System
Neuroendocrine System
©FYNDLAY 3
