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NUR 214 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS/NEWEST UPDATE
Normal pH range? - ..(ANSWER)...7.35-7.45
Normal pCO2 range? - ..(ANSWER)...35-45 mmHg
Normal HCO3 range? - ..(ANSWER)...22-26
Low pH is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
High pH is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
Low pCO2 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
High pCO2 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
Low HCO3 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
High HCO3 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
Physiological difference in a child vs adult related to oxygenation: -
..(ANSWER)...Children have:
,2
1. Immature immune system
2. Short, smaller airways (they can become obstructed with mucus or edema, may
need to be suctioned)
3. A short respiratory tract that allows infection to travel quickly to lower airways
4. Larger tongue in proportion to mouth
Nursing interventions that promote oxygenation (including clearing of airways
and supporting gas exchange): - ..(ANSWER)...1. Position in semi-fowlers to high
fowlers
2. Children: place in position to facilitate drainage (postural drainage)
3. Increase fluid intake/breastfeeding
4. Keep babies nose clear (they breathe through nose)
5. Promote smoking cessation
6. Administer meds/oxygen
7. Provide rest periods during ADLs
8. Encourage effective coughing, or suctioning to remove secretions
9. Encourage deep breathing and use of an incentive spirometer
10. Encourage water intake (helps break mucus up)
11. Encourage pursed lip breathing
What causes respiratory alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Hyperventilation: anxiety
attack, fear
, 3
What causes respiratory acidosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Hypoventilation: COPD, opioids,
pneumothorax, asthma
What causes metabolic alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Vomiting, prolonged nasogastric
suctioning
What causes metabolic acidosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Diarrhea (comes from ASS),
kidney failure, DKA
What do you want patients with respiratory alkalosis to do? -
..(ANSWER)...Decrease respiratory rate to retain carbon dioxide. Patient is
breathing too fast expelling too much CO2. Try having them breath into a
paperbag.
What do you want patients with respiratory acidosis to do? -
..(ANSWER)...Increase respiratory rate, to expel carbon dioxide. They aren't
breathing fast/deep enough causing CO2 to build-up in the body. Have the patient
try pursed lip breathing.
Primary prevention for RSV: - ..(ANSWER)...1. Handwashing
2. Breastfeed your baby
3. Prevent exposure to secondhand smoke
Primary prevention for asthma/COPD: - ..(ANSWER)...1. Smoking cessation
2. Encourage patient to get flu, pneumococcal, and covid vaccine
NUR 214 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS/NEWEST UPDATE
Normal pH range? - ..(ANSWER)...7.35-7.45
Normal pCO2 range? - ..(ANSWER)...35-45 mmHg
Normal HCO3 range? - ..(ANSWER)...22-26
Low pH is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
High pH is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
Low pCO2 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
High pCO2 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
Low HCO3 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Acidosis
High HCO3 is considered acidosis or alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Alkalosis
Physiological difference in a child vs adult related to oxygenation: -
..(ANSWER)...Children have:
,2
1. Immature immune system
2. Short, smaller airways (they can become obstructed with mucus or edema, may
need to be suctioned)
3. A short respiratory tract that allows infection to travel quickly to lower airways
4. Larger tongue in proportion to mouth
Nursing interventions that promote oxygenation (including clearing of airways
and supporting gas exchange): - ..(ANSWER)...1. Position in semi-fowlers to high
fowlers
2. Children: place in position to facilitate drainage (postural drainage)
3. Increase fluid intake/breastfeeding
4. Keep babies nose clear (they breathe through nose)
5. Promote smoking cessation
6. Administer meds/oxygen
7. Provide rest periods during ADLs
8. Encourage effective coughing, or suctioning to remove secretions
9. Encourage deep breathing and use of an incentive spirometer
10. Encourage water intake (helps break mucus up)
11. Encourage pursed lip breathing
What causes respiratory alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Hyperventilation: anxiety
attack, fear
, 3
What causes respiratory acidosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Hypoventilation: COPD, opioids,
pneumothorax, asthma
What causes metabolic alkalosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Vomiting, prolonged nasogastric
suctioning
What causes metabolic acidosis? - ..(ANSWER)...Diarrhea (comes from ASS),
kidney failure, DKA
What do you want patients with respiratory alkalosis to do? -
..(ANSWER)...Decrease respiratory rate to retain carbon dioxide. Patient is
breathing too fast expelling too much CO2. Try having them breath into a
paperbag.
What do you want patients with respiratory acidosis to do? -
..(ANSWER)...Increase respiratory rate, to expel carbon dioxide. They aren't
breathing fast/deep enough causing CO2 to build-up in the body. Have the patient
try pursed lip breathing.
Primary prevention for RSV: - ..(ANSWER)...1. Handwashing
2. Breastfeed your baby
3. Prevent exposure to secondhand smoke
Primary prevention for asthma/COPD: - ..(ANSWER)...1. Smoking cessation
2. Encourage patient to get flu, pneumococcal, and covid vaccine
