CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED ASSESSMENT: INTERPRETING
h h h h h h
FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
h h h h h
5TH EDITION, MARY JO GOOLSBY, LAURIE GRUBBS ISBN-
h h h h h h h
10; 1719645930 / ISBN-13; 978-1719645935 A+
h h h h h
Chapterh1.hAssessmenthandhClinicalhDecision-Making:hOverview
MultiplehChoice
Identifyhthehchoicehthathbesthcompleteshthehstatementhorhanswershthehquestion.
h
Whichhtypehofhclinicalhdecision-makinghishmosthreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
Whichhofhthehfollowinghishfalse?hTohobtainhadequatehhistory,hhealth-carehprovidershmusthbe:
A. Methodicalhandhsystematic
B. Attentivehtohthehpatient’shverbalhandhnonverbalhlanguage
C. Ablehtohaccuratelyhinterpreththehpatient’shresponses
D. Adepthathreadinghintohthehpatient’shstatements
Essentialhpartshofhahhealthhhistoryhincludehallhofhthehfollowinghexcept:
A. Chiefhcomplaint
B. Historyhofhthehpresenthillness
C. Currenthvitalhsigns
D. Allhofhthehaboveharehessentialhhistoryhcomponents
Whichhofhthehfollowinghishfalse?hWhilehperforminghthehphysicalhexamination,hthehexaminerhmusthb
ehablehto:
A. Differentiatehbetweenhnormalhandhabnormalhfindings
B. Recallhknowledgehofhahrangehofhconditionshandhtheirhassociatedhsignshandhsymptoms
C. Recognizehhowhcertainhconditionshaffecththehresponsehtohotherhconditions
D. Foreseehunpredictablehfindings
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,CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
Thehfollowinghishthehleasthreliablehsourcehofhinformationhforhdiagnostichstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedhinvestigations
B. Primaryhreportshofhresearch
C. Estimationhbasedhonhahprovider’shexperience
D. Publishedhmeta-analyses
Thehfollowinghcanhbehusedhtohassisthinhsoundhclinicalhdecision-making:
A. Algorithmhpublishedhinhahpeer-reviewedhjournalharticle
B. Clinicalhpracticehguidelines
C. Evidence-basedhresearch
D. Allhofhthehabove
Ifhahdiagnostichstudyhhashhighhsensitivity,hthishindicatesha:
A. Highhpercentagehofhpersonshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult
B. Lowhpercentagehofhpersonshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult
C. Lowhlikelihoodhofhnormalhresulthinhpersonshwithouthahgivenhcondition
D. Nonehofhthehabove
h
h
Ifhahdiagnostichstudyhhashhighhspecificity,hthishindicatesha:
A. Lowhpercentagehofhhealthyhindividualshwillhshowhahnormalhresult
B. Highhpercentagehofhhealthyhindividualshwillhshowhahnormalhresult
C. Highhpercentagehofhindividualshwithhahdisorderhwillhshowhahnormalhresult
D. Lowhpercentagehofhindividualshwithhahdisorderhwillhshowhanhabnormalhresult
Ahlikelihoodhratiohaboveh1hindicateshthathahdiagnostichtesthshowingha:
A. Positivehresulthishstronglyhassociatedhwithhthehdisease
B. Negativehresulthishstronglyhassociatedhwithhabsencehofhthehdisease
C. Positivehresulthishweaklyhassociatedhwithhthehdisease
D. Negativehresulthishweaklyhassociatedhwithhabsencehofhthehdisease
h
h hhh 10.hWhichhofhthehfollowinghclinicalhreasoninghtoolshishdefinedhashevidence-
basedhresourcehbasedhonhmathematicalhmodelinghtohexpresshthehlikelihoodhofhahconditionhinhselecths
ituations,hsettings,hand/orhpatients?
A. Clinicalhpracticehguideline
B. Clinicalhdecisionhrule
A+ Pageh2
,CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
C. Clinicalhalgorithm
D. Clinicalhrecommendation
h
AnswerhSection
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. ANS:hB
Croskerryh(2009)hdescribeshtwohmajorhtypeshofhclinicalhdiagnostichdecision-
making:hintuitivehandhanalytical.hIntuitivehdecision-makingh(similarhtohAugenblinkhdecision-
making)hishbasedhonhthehexperiencehandhintuitionhofhthehclinicianhandhishlesshreliablehandhpairedhwit
hhfairlyhcommonherrors.hInhcontrast,hanalyticalhdecision-
makinghishbasedhonhcarefulhconsiderationhandhhashgreaterhreliabilityhwithhrareherrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:hD
Tohobtainhadequatehhistory,hprovidershmusthbehwellhorganized,hattentivehtohthehpatient’shverbalhandh
nonverbalhlanguage,handhablehtohaccuratelyhinterpreththehpatient’shresponseshtohquestions.hRatherhth
anhreadinghintohthehpatient’shstatements,htheyhclarifyhanyhareashofhuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:hC
Vitalhsignsharehparthofhthehphysicalhexaminationhportionhofhpatienthassessment,hnothparthofhthehhealth
h history.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:hD
Whilehperforminghthehphysicalhexamination,hthehexaminerhmusthbehablehtohdifferentiatehbetweenhno
rmalhandhabnormalhfindings,hrecallhknowledgehofhahrangehofhconditions,hincludinghtheirhassociatedhs
ignshandhsymptoms,hrecognizehhowhcertainhconditionshaffecththehresponsehtohotherhconditions,handh
distinguishhthehrelevancehofhvariedhabnormalhfindings.
A+ Pageh3
, CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
PTS: 1
5. ANS:hC
Sourceshforhdiagnostichstatisticshincludehtextbooks,hprimaryhreportshofhresearch,handhpublishedhmet
a-
analyses.hAnotherhsourcehofhstatistics,hthehonehthathhashbeenhmosthwidelyhusedhandhavailablehforhapp
licationhtohthehreasoninghprocess,hishthehestimationhbasedhonhahprovider’shexperience,halthoughhthes
eharehrarelyhaccurate.hOverhthehpasthdecade,hthehavailabilityhofhevidencehonhwhichhtohbasehclinicalhre
asoninghishimproving,handhtherehishanhincreasinghexpectationhthathclinicalhreasoninghbehbasedhonhsci
entifichevidence.hEvidence-
basedhstatisticsharehalsohincreasinglyhbeinghusedhtohdevelophresourceshtohfacilitatehclinicalhdecision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:hD
Tohassisthinhclinicalhdecision-making,hahnumberhofhevidence-
basedhresourceshhavehbeenhdevelopedhtohassisththehclinician.hResources,hsuchhashalgorithmshandhclin
icalhpracticehguidelines,hassisthinhclinicalhreasoninghwhenhproperlyhapplied.
h
PTS: 1
7. ANS:hA
Thehsensitivityhofhahdiagnostichstudyhishthehpercentagehofhindividualshwithhthehtargethconditionhwhoh
showhanhabnormal,horhpositive,hresult.hAhhighhsensitivityhindicateshthathahgreaterhpercentagehofhpers
onshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS:hB
Thehspecificityhofhahdiagnostichstudyhishthehpercentagehofhnormal,hhealthyhindividualshwhohhavehahn
ormalhresult.hThehgreaterhthehspecificity,hthehgreaterhthehpercentagehofhindividualshwhohwillhhavehne
gative,horhnormal,hresultshifhtheyhdohnothhavehthehtargethcondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS:hA
A+ Pageh4
TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED ASSESSMENT: INTERPRETING
h h h h h h
FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
h h h h h
5TH EDITION, MARY JO GOOLSBY, LAURIE GRUBBS ISBN-
h h h h h h h
10; 1719645930 / ISBN-13; 978-1719645935 A+
h h h h h
Chapterh1.hAssessmenthandhClinicalhDecision-Making:hOverview
MultiplehChoice
Identifyhthehchoicehthathbesthcompleteshthehstatementhorhanswershthehquestion.
h
Whichhtypehofhclinicalhdecision-makinghishmosthreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
Whichhofhthehfollowinghishfalse?hTohobtainhadequatehhistory,hhealth-carehprovidershmusthbe:
A. Methodicalhandhsystematic
B. Attentivehtohthehpatient’shverbalhandhnonverbalhlanguage
C. Ablehtohaccuratelyhinterpreththehpatient’shresponses
D. Adepthathreadinghintohthehpatient’shstatements
Essentialhpartshofhahhealthhhistoryhincludehallhofhthehfollowinghexcept:
A. Chiefhcomplaint
B. Historyhofhthehpresenthillness
C. Currenthvitalhsigns
D. Allhofhthehaboveharehessentialhhistoryhcomponents
Whichhofhthehfollowinghishfalse?hWhilehperforminghthehphysicalhexamination,hthehexaminerhmusthb
ehablehto:
A. Differentiatehbetweenhnormalhandhabnormalhfindings
B. Recallhknowledgehofhahrangehofhconditionshandhtheirhassociatedhsignshandhsymptoms
C. Recognizehhowhcertainhconditionshaffecththehresponsehtohotherhconditions
D. Foreseehunpredictablehfindings
A+ Pageh1
,CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
Thehfollowinghishthehleasthreliablehsourcehofhinformationhforhdiagnostichstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedhinvestigations
B. Primaryhreportshofhresearch
C. Estimationhbasedhonhahprovider’shexperience
D. Publishedhmeta-analyses
Thehfollowinghcanhbehusedhtohassisthinhsoundhclinicalhdecision-making:
A. Algorithmhpublishedhinhahpeer-reviewedhjournalharticle
B. Clinicalhpracticehguidelines
C. Evidence-basedhresearch
D. Allhofhthehabove
Ifhahdiagnostichstudyhhashhighhsensitivity,hthishindicatesha:
A. Highhpercentagehofhpersonshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult
B. Lowhpercentagehofhpersonshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult
C. Lowhlikelihoodhofhnormalhresulthinhpersonshwithouthahgivenhcondition
D. Nonehofhthehabove
h
h
Ifhahdiagnostichstudyhhashhighhspecificity,hthishindicatesha:
A. Lowhpercentagehofhhealthyhindividualshwillhshowhahnormalhresult
B. Highhpercentagehofhhealthyhindividualshwillhshowhahnormalhresult
C. Highhpercentagehofhindividualshwithhahdisorderhwillhshowhahnormalhresult
D. Lowhpercentagehofhindividualshwithhahdisorderhwillhshowhanhabnormalhresult
Ahlikelihoodhratiohaboveh1hindicateshthathahdiagnostichtesthshowingha:
A. Positivehresulthishstronglyhassociatedhwithhthehdisease
B. Negativehresulthishstronglyhassociatedhwithhabsencehofhthehdisease
C. Positivehresulthishweaklyhassociatedhwithhthehdisease
D. Negativehresulthishweaklyhassociatedhwithhabsencehofhthehdisease
h
h hhh 10.hWhichhofhthehfollowinghclinicalhreasoninghtoolshishdefinedhashevidence-
basedhresourcehbasedhonhmathematicalhmodelinghtohexpresshthehlikelihoodhofhahconditionhinhselecths
ituations,hsettings,hand/orhpatients?
A. Clinicalhpracticehguideline
B. Clinicalhdecisionhrule
A+ Pageh2
,CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
C. Clinicalhalgorithm
D. Clinicalhrecommendation
h
AnswerhSection
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. ANS:hB
Croskerryh(2009)hdescribeshtwohmajorhtypeshofhclinicalhdiagnostichdecision-
making:hintuitivehandhanalytical.hIntuitivehdecision-makingh(similarhtohAugenblinkhdecision-
making)hishbasedhonhthehexperiencehandhintuitionhofhthehclinicianhandhishlesshreliablehandhpairedhwit
hhfairlyhcommonherrors.hInhcontrast,hanalyticalhdecision-
makinghishbasedhonhcarefulhconsiderationhandhhashgreaterhreliabilityhwithhrareherrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:hD
Tohobtainhadequatehhistory,hprovidershmusthbehwellhorganized,hattentivehtohthehpatient’shverbalhandh
nonverbalhlanguage,handhablehtohaccuratelyhinterpreththehpatient’shresponseshtohquestions.hRatherhth
anhreadinghintohthehpatient’shstatements,htheyhclarifyhanyhareashofhuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:hC
Vitalhsignsharehparthofhthehphysicalhexaminationhportionhofhpatienthassessment,hnothparthofhthehhealth
h history.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:hD
Whilehperforminghthehphysicalhexamination,hthehexaminerhmusthbehablehtohdifferentiatehbetweenhno
rmalhandhabnormalhfindings,hrecallhknowledgehofhahrangehofhconditions,hincludinghtheirhassociatedhs
ignshandhsymptoms,hrecognizehhowhcertainhconditionshaffecththehresponsehtohotherhconditions,handh
distinguishhthehrelevancehofhvariedhabnormalhfindings.
A+ Pageh3
, CreatedhBy:hAhSolution
PTS: 1
5. ANS:hC
Sourceshforhdiagnostichstatisticshincludehtextbooks,hprimaryhreportshofhresearch,handhpublishedhmet
a-
analyses.hAnotherhsourcehofhstatistics,hthehonehthathhashbeenhmosthwidelyhusedhandhavailablehforhapp
licationhtohthehreasoninghprocess,hishthehestimationhbasedhonhahprovider’shexperience,halthoughhthes
eharehrarelyhaccurate.hOverhthehpasthdecade,hthehavailabilityhofhevidencehonhwhichhtohbasehclinicalhre
asoninghishimproving,handhtherehishanhincreasinghexpectationhthathclinicalhreasoninghbehbasedhonhsci
entifichevidence.hEvidence-
basedhstatisticsharehalsohincreasinglyhbeinghusedhtohdevelophresourceshtohfacilitatehclinicalhdecision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:hD
Tohassisthinhclinicalhdecision-making,hahnumberhofhevidence-
basedhresourceshhavehbeenhdevelopedhtohassisththehclinician.hResources,hsuchhashalgorithmshandhclin
icalhpracticehguidelines,hassisthinhclinicalhreasoninghwhenhproperlyhapplied.
h
PTS: 1
7. ANS:hA
Thehsensitivityhofhahdiagnostichstudyhishthehpercentagehofhindividualshwithhthehtargethconditionhwhoh
showhanhabnormal,horhpositive,hresult.hAhhighhsensitivityhindicateshthathahgreaterhpercentagehofhpers
onshwithhthehgivenhconditionhwillhhavehanhabnormalhresult.
PTS: 1
8. ANS:hB
Thehspecificityhofhahdiagnostichstudyhishthehpercentagehofhnormal,hhealthyhindividualshwhohhavehahn
ormalhresult.hThehgreaterhthehspecificity,hthehgreaterhthehpercentagehofhindividualshwhohwillhhavehne
gative,horhnormal,hresultshifhtheyhdohnothhavehthehtargethcondition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS:hA
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