Prosthetics & Orthotics Questions with verified answers
Ans✓✓✓ AFO to promote DF.
(4/18 - Orthotics) - FINAL Ans✓✓✓
(4/4) Ans✓✓✓
2 types of Knee Units (now transitioning to AK) Motion Ans✓✓✓ *1. GERIATRIC
LOCKED:* ALWAYS walks with locked knee. lever to pull on to disengage - ONLY
for sitting - so make it a little shorter (½ inch or so for better clearance).
*2. FREE* - might not give it to weak or too short residual limb.
2 Types of Prosthetic Feet Ans✓✓✓ 1. Articulated
2. Non-articulated (about 90% = ankle joint built in)
2 Types of Sockets for AKs Ans✓✓✓ *1. Quadrilateral* - wider medial to lateral
than A to P = a lot like PTB for BK (infrapatellar tendon to BK is ischial T for AK)
Scarpas bulge above (femoral triangle) is similar to popliteal bulge in BK.
Distributes pressure more to ischial.
*2. Ischial Containment socket* - more symmetrical = like TSB for BK (distribute
pressure throughout whole limb)
4 Phases of BK / AK prosthetic checkout Ans✓✓✓ 1. Look at it before applying it
2. Sitting
,3. Standing
4. Walking - look for gait deviation.
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Before applying Ans✓✓✓ -As
prescribed?
-Suspension intact working?
-Smooth socket?
-Prosthetic foot attached?
-Knee unit (flex to at least 115° and locks) - for AK
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Sitting Ans✓✓✓ -Feet flat on floor
-Stay in socket
-Straps etc. allow it to flex
-Comfort
BK: Popliteal comfort and accommodation of HS tendons
AK: Inguinal comfort
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Standing Ans✓✓✓ -Leg length symmetry
(ok if AK locked knee to be non-symmetrical)
-Symmetrical WB - make sure they can shift and do 50/50
-Total contact
-Pistoning - add socks, tighten
-Skin tolerance - check it out after a few min
5/2 Ans✓✓✓
,5/9 Ans✓✓✓
ADL Training: Bed Mobility Ans✓✓✓ fx pushups to scoot up/down, side to side,
bridge
roll to intact side
(work on rolling to other side too eventually, more challenging)
push-up to sit
sitting balance
ADL Training: Elevations Ans✓✓✓ parallel bars: use 4" step, work on hopping up
and down
chair on top of stairs at home/in PT, so they can rest
bumping up blocks
ADL Training: Hopping Ans✓✓✓ RW: heel lifts as pre-hop activity
Use RW to practice hopping (mod A = you giving them a little lift)
W/C follow —> always goes in your note
functional short distances!
ADL Training: Sit-to-Stand Ans✓✓✓ practice on higher surface if challenging
"lean fwd" (have them try it w/o leaning back to feel diff)
ADL Training: Sitting Balance Ans✓✓✓ triangular pillows: they can recline, come
back up to sit
, fx task to work on that changes their COG
UE exercises
reaching for targets, peg boards where pts move pegs from pt. A to B
sitting on foam/bosu
use mirror for feedback
ADL Training: Special Needs Ans✓✓✓ getting to floor
lower mat, side lean/sit, arms to floor
getting up off floor
can use box/pillow for progressive bump up
using escalator
ADL Training: Transfers Ans✓✓✓ steps for stand pivot:
come to edge
*hop so you're parallel to mat*
bring foot back as far as possible w/foot on ground
can use RW
lat. transfer:
remove armrest
head-on
remove leg boards, approach surface head-on, get stumps onto surface
fx pushups out of chair, to slide forward onto surface
car:
body faces curb until you're back far enough to rotate forward
Ans✓✓✓ AFO to promote DF.
(4/18 - Orthotics) - FINAL Ans✓✓✓
(4/4) Ans✓✓✓
2 types of Knee Units (now transitioning to AK) Motion Ans✓✓✓ *1. GERIATRIC
LOCKED:* ALWAYS walks with locked knee. lever to pull on to disengage - ONLY
for sitting - so make it a little shorter (½ inch or so for better clearance).
*2. FREE* - might not give it to weak or too short residual limb.
2 Types of Prosthetic Feet Ans✓✓✓ 1. Articulated
2. Non-articulated (about 90% = ankle joint built in)
2 Types of Sockets for AKs Ans✓✓✓ *1. Quadrilateral* - wider medial to lateral
than A to P = a lot like PTB for BK (infrapatellar tendon to BK is ischial T for AK)
Scarpas bulge above (femoral triangle) is similar to popliteal bulge in BK.
Distributes pressure more to ischial.
*2. Ischial Containment socket* - more symmetrical = like TSB for BK (distribute
pressure throughout whole limb)
4 Phases of BK / AK prosthetic checkout Ans✓✓✓ 1. Look at it before applying it
2. Sitting
,3. Standing
4. Walking - look for gait deviation.
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Before applying Ans✓✓✓ -As
prescribed?
-Suspension intact working?
-Smooth socket?
-Prosthetic foot attached?
-Knee unit (flex to at least 115° and locks) - for AK
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Sitting Ans✓✓✓ -Feet flat on floor
-Stay in socket
-Straps etc. allow it to flex
-Comfort
BK: Popliteal comfort and accommodation of HS tendons
AK: Inguinal comfort
4 Phases of BK/AK Prosthetic Checkout: Standing Ans✓✓✓ -Leg length symmetry
(ok if AK locked knee to be non-symmetrical)
-Symmetrical WB - make sure they can shift and do 50/50
-Total contact
-Pistoning - add socks, tighten
-Skin tolerance - check it out after a few min
5/2 Ans✓✓✓
,5/9 Ans✓✓✓
ADL Training: Bed Mobility Ans✓✓✓ fx pushups to scoot up/down, side to side,
bridge
roll to intact side
(work on rolling to other side too eventually, more challenging)
push-up to sit
sitting balance
ADL Training: Elevations Ans✓✓✓ parallel bars: use 4" step, work on hopping up
and down
chair on top of stairs at home/in PT, so they can rest
bumping up blocks
ADL Training: Hopping Ans✓✓✓ RW: heel lifts as pre-hop activity
Use RW to practice hopping (mod A = you giving them a little lift)
W/C follow —> always goes in your note
functional short distances!
ADL Training: Sit-to-Stand Ans✓✓✓ practice on higher surface if challenging
"lean fwd" (have them try it w/o leaning back to feel diff)
ADL Training: Sitting Balance Ans✓✓✓ triangular pillows: they can recline, come
back up to sit
, fx task to work on that changes their COG
UE exercises
reaching for targets, peg boards where pts move pegs from pt. A to B
sitting on foam/bosu
use mirror for feedback
ADL Training: Special Needs Ans✓✓✓ getting to floor
lower mat, side lean/sit, arms to floor
getting up off floor
can use box/pillow for progressive bump up
using escalator
ADL Training: Transfers Ans✓✓✓ steps for stand pivot:
come to edge
*hop so you're parallel to mat*
bring foot back as far as possible w/foot on ground
can use RW
lat. transfer:
remove armrest
head-on
remove leg boards, approach surface head-on, get stumps onto surface
fx pushups out of chair, to slide forward onto surface
car:
body faces curb until you're back far enough to rotate forward
