CTR Exam 4 Questions With Correct Answers!!
leisure efficacy
To meet your own leisure needs, benefits from good circumstances. You need a repertoire of
skills to be self-capable. Meet own needs/goals.
attribution model (theory)
The causal analysis of behavior. The process by which a person attributes or makes casual
inferences. "To what do I attribute my successes and failures."
Learned helplessness
A perceived lack of control over events. -no matter how much energy is expended, the situation
is futile and you are helpless to change things. -people learn to be helpless; people become
dependent. -behaviors and outcomes are out of one's control.
Perceived freedom
When a person does not feel forced or constrained to participate and does not feel inhibited or
limited by the environment. (LDB) The freedom to choose your activity; feel competent; "I can
do this"
Intrinsic Motivation
To do something for yourself. Internal desires to do something as a sense of satisfaction.
Locus of control-internal
You have the control/can change/good self esteem
Locus of control-external
low self esteem, helpless; "he made me do it"
Theories of play
-Psycho-Analytic theory
-Catharsis theory
-Diversion theory
,-Compensation theory
-Surplus Energy
Psycho-Analytic Theory
Engaging in play to reduce anxiety. ie: play therapy- abused child uses doll to master situation
Catharsis Theory
Play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and emotions. An outlet for aggression
Diversion Theory
To amuse ourselves
Compensation Theory
To play/recreate, to fulfill needs not met at work.
Surplus Energy
To get rid of excess energy.
Flow: Csikszentmihaly
state of optimal, psychological arousal- when the challenge matches your skill
Self- actualization
Maslow's hierarchy of needs, to reach your potential: A peak experience.
physiological needs>safety/security>belonging>self-esteem>self-actualization
Holistic Approach
looks at the whole person & their needs. Recognizes & integrates multiple factors. Developed
from a broad base of information. Integrated from an interdisciplinary frame of reference.
Recreational Experience
Everyone has a right to recreate. Recreation has an end to itself.
Treatment Concept
, used as a treatment tool to cure> to use recreation to meet other needs/goals
social recreation
non-clinical approach for disabled in the community (community model): Recreation as an end
to itself
Leisure ability model: Gunn/ Peterson
AKA Continuum Model, TR service model
4 steps: maximum control by specialist to minimum control of specialist
1. Assess: ID problem, gather data
2. Treatment: improve functional ability
3. Leisure Education: acquire knowledge and skills
4. Leisure Lifestyle: engage in opportunity > participate voluntarily
Treatment Model/ Medical Model: ( a continuum)
Health protection/promotion model- by Austin
Dr. prescribes TR treatment
Recreation is a treatment>>> as a means to an end, is more clinical;
begins as (1) TRS directed > (2) equal participation between client/ TRS > (3) client directed
Poor health> to> optimal health
Prescribed activity> directed by CTRS> Recreation mutual participation> Leisure self directed
by client
True
Both leisure ability model and treatment models are continuums (T/F)
Activity therapy model
similar to medical model.
TR is prescribed, but is a "blurring of different departments:(music therapy, art therapy,
occupational therapy, dance therapy)
Ecological Model
leisure efficacy
To meet your own leisure needs, benefits from good circumstances. You need a repertoire of
skills to be self-capable. Meet own needs/goals.
attribution model (theory)
The causal analysis of behavior. The process by which a person attributes or makes casual
inferences. "To what do I attribute my successes and failures."
Learned helplessness
A perceived lack of control over events. -no matter how much energy is expended, the situation
is futile and you are helpless to change things. -people learn to be helpless; people become
dependent. -behaviors and outcomes are out of one's control.
Perceived freedom
When a person does not feel forced or constrained to participate and does not feel inhibited or
limited by the environment. (LDB) The freedom to choose your activity; feel competent; "I can
do this"
Intrinsic Motivation
To do something for yourself. Internal desires to do something as a sense of satisfaction.
Locus of control-internal
You have the control/can change/good self esteem
Locus of control-external
low self esteem, helpless; "he made me do it"
Theories of play
-Psycho-Analytic theory
-Catharsis theory
-Diversion theory
,-Compensation theory
-Surplus Energy
Psycho-Analytic Theory
Engaging in play to reduce anxiety. ie: play therapy- abused child uses doll to master situation
Catharsis Theory
Play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and emotions. An outlet for aggression
Diversion Theory
To amuse ourselves
Compensation Theory
To play/recreate, to fulfill needs not met at work.
Surplus Energy
To get rid of excess energy.
Flow: Csikszentmihaly
state of optimal, psychological arousal- when the challenge matches your skill
Self- actualization
Maslow's hierarchy of needs, to reach your potential: A peak experience.
physiological needs>safety/security>belonging>self-esteem>self-actualization
Holistic Approach
looks at the whole person & their needs. Recognizes & integrates multiple factors. Developed
from a broad base of information. Integrated from an interdisciplinary frame of reference.
Recreational Experience
Everyone has a right to recreate. Recreation has an end to itself.
Treatment Concept
, used as a treatment tool to cure> to use recreation to meet other needs/goals
social recreation
non-clinical approach for disabled in the community (community model): Recreation as an end
to itself
Leisure ability model: Gunn/ Peterson
AKA Continuum Model, TR service model
4 steps: maximum control by specialist to minimum control of specialist
1. Assess: ID problem, gather data
2. Treatment: improve functional ability
3. Leisure Education: acquire knowledge and skills
4. Leisure Lifestyle: engage in opportunity > participate voluntarily
Treatment Model/ Medical Model: ( a continuum)
Health protection/promotion model- by Austin
Dr. prescribes TR treatment
Recreation is a treatment>>> as a means to an end, is more clinical;
begins as (1) TRS directed > (2) equal participation between client/ TRS > (3) client directed
Poor health> to> optimal health
Prescribed activity> directed by CTRS> Recreation mutual participation> Leisure self directed
by client
True
Both leisure ability model and treatment models are continuums (T/F)
Activity therapy model
similar to medical model.
TR is prescribed, but is a "blurring of different departments:(music therapy, art therapy,
occupational therapy, dance therapy)
Ecological Model
